İTKİ Sistemleri Tasarım Projeleri
Özet
Hipersonik uçuş ve süperseyir yeteneğine sahip gelecek nesil bir savaş uçağı veya bombardıman uçağı için motor tasarımı bu çalışmanın konusunu oluşturmaktadır. Yapılan inceleme sonucunda Mach sayısı arttıkça optimum kompresör basınç oranının düştüğü ve 2.43 Mach’ın üzerindeki uçuş hızlarında optimum kompresör basınç oranının 1’in altına düştüğü görülmüştür. Yapılan literatür araştırması sonucu kompresör basınç oranının 1’in altına düştüğü konseptin ters Brayton çevrimli motor konsepti olduğu belirlenmiştir. Ters Brayton çevrimli bir motor, bir ramjet motora kıyasla 5 uçuş Mach sayısında yaklaşık %45.2 ve 5.5 uçuş Mach sayısında yaklaşık %95.4 oranında daha yüksek bir özgül itki üretiği görülmüştür. Hipersonik uçuş performansı için ters Brayton çevrimli motorun bir diğer üstünlüğü, itkinin üretilemediği uçuş Mach sayısının ters Brayton çevrimli bir motor için 6.2950 ve bir ramjet için 5.9160 olmasıdır. 3 farklı kompresör basınç oranına (10, 20 ve 50) sahip turbojet motorları, ters Brayton çevrimli motora kıyasla 1 ila 4 uçuş Mach sayısı arasında yaklaşık %30-60 daha düşük özgül yakıt tüketimine sahip olduğu gözlemlenmiştir. Bu nedenle, ters Brayton çevrimli motor süperseyir için uygun olmadığı görülmüştür. Ancak bu konsept değişken çevrimli motor konseptine uygulanmasıyla, süperseyir ve hipersonik uçuş kabiliyetine sahip uçaklar için uygun hale gelmektedir. Bu çalışmada ters Brayton çevrimli motorun hava araçlarına hipersonik uçuş kabiliyeti kazandırmak için uygun bir konsept olduğu sonucuna varılmıştır.
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