Pnömoni

Serpil Ekin

doi:10.37609/akya.3173

Yazarlar

Serpil Ekin

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4760-400X

DOI: https://doi.org/10.37609/akya.3173.c12519

Özet

Pnömoni, çoğunlukla bakterilerin neden olduğu, ancak diğer patojen mikroorganizmalar ve daha az sıklıkla otoimmün süreçlerden de kaynaklanabilen alveolar inflamasyondur. Yoğun bakıma yatışta en sık görülen enfektif neden olması dışında, yoğun bakım ünitesinde (YBÜ) edinilen en sık ikincil enfeksiyon olmaya da devam etmektedir. Yoğun bakımda başlıca; toplum kaynaklı, hastane kökenli, ventilatörle ilişkili ve bağışıklık sistemi baskılanmış hastada pnömoni kategorileri ile karşılaşılmaktadır. Pnömoni yönetimindeki en büyük zorluklar, etkenin tanımlanması, uygun antibiyotik seçimi ve tedavi süresinin belirlenmesi ve sekonder pnömoninin önlenmesidir. Hızlı ve yeterli antimikrobiyal tedaviye başlanması pnömoni yönetimi için oluşturulan kılavuzların odak noktasıdır.

Pneumonia is alveolar inflammation, mostly caused by bacteria, but can also be caused by other pathogenic microorganisms and less frequently by autoimmune processes. It remains the most common infective cause of intensive care unit (ICU) admission and the most common secondary infection acquired in the intensive care unit (ICU). The main categories of pneumonia encountered in intensive care unit are community-acquired, hospital-acquired, ventilator-associated and pneumonia in immunocompromised patients. The major difficulties in the management of pneumonia are identification of the causative agent, selection of appropriate antibiotics, determination of the duration of treatment and prevention of secondary pneumonia. Prompt and adequate initiation of antimicrobial therapy is the focus of guidelines for the management of pneumonia.

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