Dedikodu ve Söylenti (Gossip and Rumors)
Özet
Bu bölümde dedikodu ve söylenti kavramları ele alınarak bireysel ve örgütsel düzeyde nasıl etkisi olduğundan bahsedilmektedir. Dedikodu ve söylenti kavramlarının anlamları, birbiri yerine kullanılan ve bazı yönleri ile birbirleriyle örtüşseler de arasındaki farkların neler olduğu incelenmiştir. Sosyal ortamların vazgeçilmez eğlence kaynağı olarak görülen dedikodu ve söylentilerin örgütlerde ortaya çıkma nedenleri tartışılmıştır. Bazen çay ve kahve molalarında, bazen de yemek saatlerinde, özellikle teknolojinin gelişimiyle form değiştirerek sosyal medyada küresel boyutta nasıl hızlı bir şekilde yayıldığından bahsedilmiştir. Örgütlerde çalışanların bilgi paylaşımlarında bulunarak motivasyonlarını artırırken, bazen de itibar kayıpları ve işten ayrılmalara neden olan olumlu ve olumsuz yönlerine dikkat çekilmiştir. Resmi iletişimin önüne geçerek örgütsel kültür haline gelmesinin engellenmesinde yöneticilere düşen görevlerden ve alınması gereken önlemlere değinilmiştir.
Dedikodu ve söylentilerin, örgütlerde her dakikası çok değerli olan zamanın israfına neden olduğu fark edilmeli ve yönetilmesi gereken bir süreç olduğu net bir biçimde bilinmelidir. Bu açıdan bu bölümde, örgütlerde dedikodu ve söylentileri değerlendirmek adına önemli bilgiler paylaşılmıştır.
This section, the concepts of gossip and rumor are discussed and their effects at the individual and organizational levels are mentioned. The meanings of the concepts of gossip and rumor, although they are used interchangeably and overlap with each other in some respects, the differences between them have been examined. The reasons why gossip and rumors, which are seen as indispensable sources of entertainment in social environments, emerge in organizations are discussed. Sometimes during tea and coffee breaks, and during mealtimes, it was mentioned how it spread rapidly on a global scale on social media, changing its form, especially with the development of technology. While it increases the motivation of employees in organizations by sharing information, attention has been drawn to its positive and negative aspects, which sometimes lead to loss of reputation and turnover. The duties of managers and the precautions to be taken to prevent formal communication from becoming an organizational culture are mentioned.
It should be realized that gossip and rumors cause a waste of time, every minute of which is very valuable in organizations, and it should be known that it is a process that needs to be managed. In this respect, important information is shared in this section to evaluate gossip and rumors in organizations.
Referanslar
Koçel T. İşletme yöneticiliği. İstanbul: Beta Yayınları; 2020.
Bektaş M, Erdem R. Örgütlerde informal iletişim süreci: kavramsal bir çerçeve. Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi. 2015;17; 125-139. https://doi.org/10.5578/jeas.9446
Özlük B, Özcan Ö. One of the informal communication channels among nurses: Attitudes and thoughts toward gossip and rumors. Journal of Education and Research in Nursing. 2021;18(3), 262-267. https://doi.org/10.5152/jern.2021.13281
Türk Dil Kurumu. Dedikodu ve söylenti 2020. (23/09/2020 tarihinde http://sozluk.gov.tr/ adresinden ulaşılmıştır).
Ingram GPD. Gossip. The International Encyclopedia of Anthropology. 2018; 1-5. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118924396.wbiea1835
Kuo CC, Chang K, Quinton S. et al. Gossip in the workplace and the implications for HR management: A study of gossip and its relationship to employee cynicism. The International Journal of Human Resource Management. 2015;26: 2288-2307. https://doi.org/10.1080/09585192.2014.985329
Kapferer JN. Dedikodu ve söylenti: dünyanın en eski medyası. (Işın Gürbüz, Çev. Ed.). İstanbul: İletişim Yayınları; 1992.
Eşkin Bacaksız F, Yıldırım A. Dedikodu ve söylentiler: Hastanelerdeki durum ve hemşirelerin tutumları. Sağlık ve Hemşirelik Yönetimi Dergisi. 2015;3(2): 113-120. https://doi:10.5222/SHYD.2015.113
Fan Z, Grey C, Kärreman D. Confidential gossip and organization. Organization Studies. 2020:42(10): 1651-1664. https://doi.org/10.1177/0170840620954016
Ferrari F. (2015). In praise of gossip: The organizational functions and practical applications of rumours in the workplace. Journal of Human Resources Management Research.2015. 10.5171/2015.854452
Farley SD, Timme DR, Hard JW. On coffee talk and break-room chatter: perceptions of women who gossip in the workplace. The Journal of Social Psychology. 2010;150(4): 1-8. https://doi.org/10.1080/00224540903365430
Dores Cruz TD, Beersma B, Dijkstra M. et al. The bright and dark side of gossip for cooperation in groups. Frontiers in Psychology. 2019;10: 1374. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2019.01374
Şantaş G, Uğurluoğlu Ö, Özer Ö, et al. Do gossip functions effect on organizational revenge and job stress among health personnel?. Journal of Health Management. 2018;20, 64-72. https://doi.org/10.1177/0972063417747724
Haeupler B. Simple, fast and deterministic gossip and rumor spreading. Journal of The ACM (JACM), 2015;62(6): 1-18. https://doi.org/10.1145/2767126
DiFonzo N, Bordia P. (2007). Rumor psychology: Social and organizational approaches. American Psychological Association. 2007. https://doi.org/10.1037/11503-000
Chierichetti F, Giakkoupis G, Lattanzi S, et al. Rumor spreading and conductance. Journal of the ACM (JACM). 2018;65(4): 1-21. https://doi.org/10.1145/3173043
Bellet A, Guerraoui R, Hendrikx H. Who started this rumor? Quantifying the natural differential privacy guarantees of gossip protocols. 34th International Symposium on Distributed Computing (DISC 2020).2020. p.1-8. https://doi.org/10.4230/LIPIcs.DISC.2020.8
McNamee G. Rumor vs. gossip. The Virginia Quarterly Review. 2019;95(4): 152.
Mlambo OB, Zimunya CT. Rumour and the politician's public image: The case of Zimbabwe. Journal of Pan African Studies. 2016;9(4): 146-157.
Okazaki S, Rubio N, Campo S. Gossiping behavior on social networking sites: Does gender matter?. International Journal of Human-Computer Interaction. 2014;30(9): 718-726. https://doi.org/10.1080/10447318.2014.907710
Van Vleet KE. Maledictive language: Gossip and rumor. The International Encyclopedia of Linguistic Anthropology. 2020: 1-8. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118786093.iela0245
Ahmad B, Tariq H, Weng QD, et al. When a proximate starts to gossip. Employee Relations: The International Journal. 2019;41(5): 851-875. https://doi.org/10.1108/ER-08-2018-0225
Altuntaș S, Șahin Altun Ö, Çevik Akyil R. The nurses’ form of organizational communication: What is the role of gossip?. Contemporary Nurse. 2014;48: 109-116. https://doi.org/10.1080/10376178.2014.11081932
Mills C. Experiencing gossip: The foundations for a theory of embedded organizational gossip. Group & Organization Management. 2010;35(2): 213-240. https://doi.org/10.1177/1059601109360392
Johnson CR. If you don’t have anything nice to say, come sit by me: Gossip as epistemic good and evil. Social Theory and Practice. 2016; 42, 304-317. https://doi.org/10.5840/soctheorpract201642217
Yue W. Wu L. Yang Z., et al. The antecedents and consequences of workplace negative gossip: From the target's perspective. Advances in Psychological Science. 2015;23(4): 702-710. https://doi.org/10.3724/SP.J.1042.2015.00702
Wilke, D. Workplace gossip: What crosses the line? 2019. (03/10/2020 tarihinde https://www.shrm.org/resourcesandtools/hr-topics/employee-relations/pages/office-gossip-policies.aspx adresinden ulaşılmıştır).
Chang K, Kuo CC. Can subordinates benefit from manager’s gossip?. European Management Journal. 2020;39(4): 497-507. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.emj.2020.09.009
Dong W, Yang Y, Zhang W. On the selection of information sources for gossip spreading. International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks. 2015;11(4): 276014. https://doi.org/10.1155/2015/276014
Bernard S, Bouz G, Piétrus A. An optimal control approach for e-rumor. Investigación Operacional. 2015;36(2): 108-114.
Buschman J. The future of reputation: gossip, rumor, and privacy on the internet. Journal of Information Ethics. 2019;28(1): 157-159.
Zhou, X., ve Feng, H. Research on the Prevention and Control of the Internet Rumor from the Perspective of the Self-Media. Journal of Computer and Communications. 2019;7, 1-7. https://doi.org/10.4236/jcc.2019.73001
Bhargavi, B. S., Naganjali, N. V., & Murugadoss, R. Minimization of Dynamic Rumor Influence with User Experience in Social Networks. 2018;4(1), 1378-1384.
Giardini, F., & Wittek, R. P. Silence is golden. Six reasons inhibiting the spread of third-party gossip. Frontiers in psychology. 2019;10, 1120. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2019.01120
Binboğa, G., Ercan, E. Ğ. İ. N., ve Gülova, A. Örgütsel davranışın karanlık yüzü ve türkçe literatürün incelenmesine yönelik bir araştırma. Finans Ekonomi ve Sosyal Araştırmalar Dergisi. 2018;3, 382-399. https://doi.org/10.29106/fesa.364280
Tassiello, V., Lombardi, S., Costabile, M. Are we truly wicked when gossiping at work? The role of valence, interpersonal closeness and social awareness. Journal of Business Research. 2018;84, 141-149. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2017.11.013
Bulduk, S, Özel İ, Dinçer Y. Informal communication in healthcare (gossip and rumour): Nurses’ attitudes. Athens Journal of Health. 2016;3, 23-29. https://doi.org/10.30958/ajh.3-4-3
Allaoui, A. Managing Gossip in Organizations-A conceptual Framework. Journal of Excellence for Economics and Management Research. 2018;2, 292-301.
Durmuş, A., Kırılmaz, H., ve Şahin, Ö. Is Gossip Associated with Nurses’ Job Performance Perceptions?. Eskişehir Osmangazi Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Dergisi. 2020;15, 17-30. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6767-4195
Karadal, K., ve Hekimoğlu, F. Örgütsel iletişim açısından örgütlerde söylenti ve dedikodunun değerlendirilmesi. İşletme Araştırmaları Dergisi. 2020;12, 2629-2639. https://doi.org/10.20491/isarder.2020.997
Kong, M. Effect of perceived negative workplace gossip on employees’ behaviors. Frontiers in psychology. 2018;9, 1112. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2018.01112
Ma, F., ve Huo, C. The Communication of health knowledge in social media under the special chinese culture context: The moderating effect of loss of face. In Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute Proceedings. 2017;1, 150. https://doi.org/10.3390/IS4SI-2017-03997
Erol Y. Akyüz M. Dünyanın en eski medyası: Dedikodunun örgüt düzeyindeki işlevleri ve algılanışı: Sağlık örgütlerinde bir alan araştırması. Zeitschrift für die Welt der Türken/Journal of World of Turks. 2015;7, 149-66.
Wu, X., Kwan, H. K., Wu, L. Z, et al. The effect of workplace negative gossip on employee proactive behavior in China: The moderating role of traditionality. Journal of Business Ethics. 2018;148, 801-815. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-015-3006-5
Vardarlier, P., ve Silahtaroglu, G. Gossip management at universities using big data ware house model integrated with a decision support system. International Journal of Research in Business and Social Science. 2016;5, 1-14. https://doi.org/10.20525/ijrbs.v5i1.49
Moghimi, S. M., ve Ghaffari, R. Managers’ obligation to ethics and rumors management in public organizations. Organizational Culture Management. 2016;14, 1-26.
Bayramoğlu, G. Fısıltı gazetesinin yönetimi: kamu ve özel sektör yöneticileri arasında karşılaştırmalı bir uygulama. Yönetim ve Ekonomi: Celal Bayar Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi. 2019;26, 181-199. https://doi.org/10.18657/yonveek.427214
Usta, M. E., Kaya, A., ve Özyurt, D. Örgütsel Dedikodu Yönetimi. Harran Maarif Dergisi. 2016;3, 1-13. https://doi.org/10.22596/2018.0302.1.13
Luna, A., ve Chou, S. Y. Drivers for workplace gossip: an application of the theory of planned behavior. Journal of Organizational Culture, Communications and Conflict. 2013;17, 115.
Vaidyanathan, B., Khalsa, S., ve Ecklund, E. H. Gossip as social control: Informal sanctions on ethical violations in scientific workplaces. Social Problems. 2016;63, 554-572. https://doi.org/10.1093/socpro/spw022
Georganta, K., Panagopoulou, E., ve Montgomery, A. Talking behind their backs: Negative gossip and burnout in hospitals. Burnout Research. 2014;1, 76-81. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.burn.2014.07.003
Waddington K. Rethinking gossip and scandal in healthcare organizations. Journal of Health Organization and Management. 2016;30(6): 810-817. https://doi.org/10.1108/JHOM-03-2016-0053
Referanslar
Koçel T. İşletme yöneticiliği. İstanbul: Beta Yayınları; 2020.
Bektaş M, Erdem R. Örgütlerde informal iletişim süreci: kavramsal bir çerçeve. Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi. 2015;17; 125-139. https://doi.org/10.5578/jeas.9446
Özlük B, Özcan Ö. One of the informal communication channels among nurses: Attitudes and thoughts toward gossip and rumors. Journal of Education and Research in Nursing. 2021;18(3), 262-267. https://doi.org/10.5152/jern.2021.13281
Türk Dil Kurumu. Dedikodu ve söylenti 2020. (23/09/2020 tarihinde http://sozluk.gov.tr/ adresinden ulaşılmıştır).
Ingram GPD. Gossip. The International Encyclopedia of Anthropology. 2018; 1-5. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118924396.wbiea1835
Kuo CC, Chang K, Quinton S. et al. Gossip in the workplace and the implications for HR management: A study of gossip and its relationship to employee cynicism. The International Journal of Human Resource Management. 2015;26: 2288-2307. https://doi.org/10.1080/09585192.2014.985329
Kapferer JN. Dedikodu ve söylenti: dünyanın en eski medyası. (Işın Gürbüz, Çev. Ed.). İstanbul: İletişim Yayınları; 1992.
Eşkin Bacaksız F, Yıldırım A. Dedikodu ve söylentiler: Hastanelerdeki durum ve hemşirelerin tutumları. Sağlık ve Hemşirelik Yönetimi Dergisi. 2015;3(2): 113-120. https://doi:10.5222/SHYD.2015.113
Fan Z, Grey C, Kärreman D. Confidential gossip and organization. Organization Studies. 2020:42(10): 1651-1664. https://doi.org/10.1177/0170840620954016
Ferrari F. (2015). In praise of gossip: The organizational functions and practical applications of rumours in the workplace. Journal of Human Resources Management Research.2015. 10.5171/2015.854452
Farley SD, Timme DR, Hard JW. On coffee talk and break-room chatter: perceptions of women who gossip in the workplace. The Journal of Social Psychology. 2010;150(4): 1-8. https://doi.org/10.1080/00224540903365430
Dores Cruz TD, Beersma B, Dijkstra M. et al. The bright and dark side of gossip for cooperation in groups. Frontiers in Psychology. 2019;10: 1374. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2019.01374
Şantaş G, Uğurluoğlu Ö, Özer Ö, et al. Do gossip functions effect on organizational revenge and job stress among health personnel?. Journal of Health Management. 2018;20, 64-72. https://doi.org/10.1177/0972063417747724
Haeupler B. Simple, fast and deterministic gossip and rumor spreading. Journal of The ACM (JACM), 2015;62(6): 1-18. https://doi.org/10.1145/2767126
DiFonzo N, Bordia P. (2007). Rumor psychology: Social and organizational approaches. American Psychological Association. 2007. https://doi.org/10.1037/11503-000
Chierichetti F, Giakkoupis G, Lattanzi S, et al. Rumor spreading and conductance. Journal of the ACM (JACM). 2018;65(4): 1-21. https://doi.org/10.1145/3173043
Bellet A, Guerraoui R, Hendrikx H. Who started this rumor? Quantifying the natural differential privacy guarantees of gossip protocols. 34th International Symposium on Distributed Computing (DISC 2020).2020. p.1-8. https://doi.org/10.4230/LIPIcs.DISC.2020.8
McNamee G. Rumor vs. gossip. The Virginia Quarterly Review. 2019;95(4): 152.
Mlambo OB, Zimunya CT. Rumour and the politician's public image: The case of Zimbabwe. Journal of Pan African Studies. 2016;9(4): 146-157.
Okazaki S, Rubio N, Campo S. Gossiping behavior on social networking sites: Does gender matter?. International Journal of Human-Computer Interaction. 2014;30(9): 718-726. https://doi.org/10.1080/10447318.2014.907710
Van Vleet KE. Maledictive language: Gossip and rumor. The International Encyclopedia of Linguistic Anthropology. 2020: 1-8. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118786093.iela0245
Ahmad B, Tariq H, Weng QD, et al. When a proximate starts to gossip. Employee Relations: The International Journal. 2019;41(5): 851-875. https://doi.org/10.1108/ER-08-2018-0225
Altuntaș S, Șahin Altun Ö, Çevik Akyil R. The nurses’ form of organizational communication: What is the role of gossip?. Contemporary Nurse. 2014;48: 109-116. https://doi.org/10.1080/10376178.2014.11081932
Mills C. Experiencing gossip: The foundations for a theory of embedded organizational gossip. Group & Organization Management. 2010;35(2): 213-240. https://doi.org/10.1177/1059601109360392
Johnson CR. If you don’t have anything nice to say, come sit by me: Gossip as epistemic good and evil. Social Theory and Practice. 2016; 42, 304-317. https://doi.org/10.5840/soctheorpract201642217
Yue W. Wu L. Yang Z., et al. The antecedents and consequences of workplace negative gossip: From the target's perspective. Advances in Psychological Science. 2015;23(4): 702-710. https://doi.org/10.3724/SP.J.1042.2015.00702
Wilke, D. Workplace gossip: What crosses the line? 2019. (03/10/2020 tarihinde https://www.shrm.org/resourcesandtools/hr-topics/employee-relations/pages/office-gossip-policies.aspx adresinden ulaşılmıştır).
Chang K, Kuo CC. Can subordinates benefit from manager’s gossip?. European Management Journal. 2020;39(4): 497-507. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.emj.2020.09.009
Dong W, Yang Y, Zhang W. On the selection of information sources for gossip spreading. International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks. 2015;11(4): 276014. https://doi.org/10.1155/2015/276014
Bernard S, Bouz G, Piétrus A. An optimal control approach for e-rumor. Investigación Operacional. 2015;36(2): 108-114.
Buschman J. The future of reputation: gossip, rumor, and privacy on the internet. Journal of Information Ethics. 2019;28(1): 157-159.
Zhou, X., ve Feng, H. Research on the Prevention and Control of the Internet Rumor from the Perspective of the Self-Media. Journal of Computer and Communications. 2019;7, 1-7. https://doi.org/10.4236/jcc.2019.73001
Bhargavi, B. S., Naganjali, N. V., & Murugadoss, R. Minimization of Dynamic Rumor Influence with User Experience in Social Networks. 2018;4(1), 1378-1384.
Giardini, F., & Wittek, R. P. Silence is golden. Six reasons inhibiting the spread of third-party gossip. Frontiers in psychology. 2019;10, 1120. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2019.01120
Binboğa, G., Ercan, E. Ğ. İ. N., ve Gülova, A. Örgütsel davranışın karanlık yüzü ve türkçe literatürün incelenmesine yönelik bir araştırma. Finans Ekonomi ve Sosyal Araştırmalar Dergisi. 2018;3, 382-399. https://doi.org/10.29106/fesa.364280
Tassiello, V., Lombardi, S., Costabile, M. Are we truly wicked when gossiping at work? The role of valence, interpersonal closeness and social awareness. Journal of Business Research. 2018;84, 141-149. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2017.11.013
Bulduk, S, Özel İ, Dinçer Y. Informal communication in healthcare (gossip and rumour): Nurses’ attitudes. Athens Journal of Health. 2016;3, 23-29. https://doi.org/10.30958/ajh.3-4-3
Allaoui, A. Managing Gossip in Organizations-A conceptual Framework. Journal of Excellence for Economics and Management Research. 2018;2, 292-301.
Durmuş, A., Kırılmaz, H., ve Şahin, Ö. Is Gossip Associated with Nurses’ Job Performance Perceptions?. Eskişehir Osmangazi Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Dergisi. 2020;15, 17-30. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6767-4195
Karadal, K., ve Hekimoğlu, F. Örgütsel iletişim açısından örgütlerde söylenti ve dedikodunun değerlendirilmesi. İşletme Araştırmaları Dergisi. 2020;12, 2629-2639. https://doi.org/10.20491/isarder.2020.997
Kong, M. Effect of perceived negative workplace gossip on employees’ behaviors. Frontiers in psychology. 2018;9, 1112. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2018.01112
Ma, F., ve Huo, C. The Communication of health knowledge in social media under the special chinese culture context: The moderating effect of loss of face. In Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute Proceedings. 2017;1, 150. https://doi.org/10.3390/IS4SI-2017-03997
Erol Y. Akyüz M. Dünyanın en eski medyası: Dedikodunun örgüt düzeyindeki işlevleri ve algılanışı: Sağlık örgütlerinde bir alan araştırması. Zeitschrift für die Welt der Türken/Journal of World of Turks. 2015;7, 149-66.
Wu, X., Kwan, H. K., Wu, L. Z, et al. The effect of workplace negative gossip on employee proactive behavior in China: The moderating role of traditionality. Journal of Business Ethics. 2018;148, 801-815. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-015-3006-5
Vardarlier, P., ve Silahtaroglu, G. Gossip management at universities using big data ware house model integrated with a decision support system. International Journal of Research in Business and Social Science. 2016;5, 1-14. https://doi.org/10.20525/ijrbs.v5i1.49
Moghimi, S. M., ve Ghaffari, R. Managers’ obligation to ethics and rumors management in public organizations. Organizational Culture Management. 2016;14, 1-26.
Bayramoğlu, G. Fısıltı gazetesinin yönetimi: kamu ve özel sektör yöneticileri arasında karşılaştırmalı bir uygulama. Yönetim ve Ekonomi: Celal Bayar Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi. 2019;26, 181-199. https://doi.org/10.18657/yonveek.427214
Usta, M. E., Kaya, A., ve Özyurt, D. Örgütsel Dedikodu Yönetimi. Harran Maarif Dergisi. 2016;3, 1-13. https://doi.org/10.22596/2018.0302.1.13
Luna, A., ve Chou, S. Y. Drivers for workplace gossip: an application of the theory of planned behavior. Journal of Organizational Culture, Communications and Conflict. 2013;17, 115.
Vaidyanathan, B., Khalsa, S., ve Ecklund, E. H. Gossip as social control: Informal sanctions on ethical violations in scientific workplaces. Social Problems. 2016;63, 554-572. https://doi.org/10.1093/socpro/spw022
Georganta, K., Panagopoulou, E., ve Montgomery, A. Talking behind their backs: Negative gossip and burnout in hospitals. Burnout Research. 2014;1, 76-81. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.burn.2014.07.003
Waddington K. Rethinking gossip and scandal in healthcare organizations. Journal of Health Organization and Management. 2016;30(6): 810-817. https://doi.org/10.1108/JHOM-03-2016-0053
