Epilepside Nöropsikiyatrik ve Nörogelişimsel Bozukluklar

Pliszka S, Issues AWGOQ. Practice parameter for the assessment and treatment of children and adolescents with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry. 2007;46(7):894-921.

Fine A, Wirrell EC Seizures in children. Pediatrics in Review 2020;41(7):321-47.

Keezer MR, Sisodiya SM, Sander JW. Comorbidities of epilepsy: Current concepts and future perspectives. Lancet Neurol. 2016;15:106–15.

Davis SM, Katusic SK, Barbaresi WJ. et al. Epilepsy in children with ADHD: A population-based study. Pediatr Neurology. 2010;42:325–30.

Hermann B, Jones J, Dabbs K et al. The frequency, complications and aetiology of ADHD in new onset paediatric epilepsy. Brain. 2007;130:3135–48.

Fan HC, Chiang KL, Chang KH, Chen CM, Tsai JD. Epilepsy and Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: Connection, Chance, and Challenges. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2023;24(6):5270.

Chou IC, Chang YT, Chin ZN, Correlation between epilepsy and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: A population-based cohort study. PLoS ONE. 2013;8:e57926.

Ahmed GK, Abdalla AA, Mohamed AM, Mohamed LA, Shamaa HA. Relationship between time spent playing internet gaming apps and behavioral problems, sleep problems, alexithymia, and emotion dysregulations in children: A multicentre study. Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Mental Health. 2022;16(1):1-11.

Shimizu H, Morimoto Y, Yamamoto N, Tayama T, Ozawa H, Imamura A. Overlap between Epilepsy and Neurodevelopmental Disorders: Insights from Clinical and Genetic Studies. Exon Publications. 2022:41-54

Brikell I, Ghirardi L, D’Onofrio BM et al. Familial Liability to Epilepsy and Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: A Nationwide Cohort Study. Biological Psychiatry. 2018;83: 173-80.

Moreno-De-Luca A, Myers SM, Challman TD, Moreno-De-Luca D, Evans DW, Ledbetter DH. Developmental brain dysfunction: Revival and expansion of old concepts based on new genetic evidence. The Lancet Neurology. 2013;12(4):406–14.

Wang M, Zhao Q, Kang H, Zhu S. Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in children with epilepsy. Irish journal of medical science. 2020;189(1):305–13.

National Institute for Health and Care Excellence Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: Diagnosis and Management. [(accessed on 2 March 2023)]. Available online: https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/ng87/resources/attention-deficit-hyperactivity-disorder-diagnosis-and-management-pdf-1837699732933

Eaton C, Yong K, Walter V, Mbizvo GK, Rhodes S, Chin RF. Stimulant and non-stimulant drug therapy for people with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and epilepsy. The Cochrane database of systematic reviews. 2022;(7).

Gonzalez-Heydrich J, Whitney J, Waber D et al. Adaptive phase I study of OROS methylphenidate treatment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder with epilepsy. Epilepsy&behavior. 2010;18(3): 229-37.

Fallah R, Eiliaei S, Ferdosian F. Clinical Trial of Efficacy Evaluation of Omega-3 with Risperidone on Seizures Frequency in Children with Refractory Epilepsy and Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder. Iranian journal of child neurology.2018;12(4):28–36.

Ravi M, Ickowicz A. Epilepsy, Attention-Deficit/HyperactivityDisorder and Methylphenidate: Critical Examination of Guiding Evidence. Journal of the Canadian Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry.2016;25:50–58.

Tan M, Appleton R. Attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder, methylphenidate, and epilepsy. Archives of disease in childhood. 2005;90(1): 57-59.

Kanner AM, Gidal BE. Pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic interactions of psychotropic drugs with antiepileptic drugs. International Review of Neurobiology.2008;83:397–416.

Markowitz JS, Morrison SD, De Vane CL. Drug interactions with psychostimulants. International clinical psychopharmacology.1999;14(1):1–18.

Parisi P, Moavero R, Verrotti A, Curatolo P. Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in children with epilepsy. Brain and Development.2010;32(1):10–16.

Association AP. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5). 5th Ed. Washington DC: American Psychiatry Publishing; 2013.

Autism and Developmental Disabilities Monitoring Network: www.cdc.gov/addm

Landrigan PJ. What causes autism? Exploring the environmental contribution. Current opinion in pediatrics.2010;22(2):219–25.

Tuchman R, Rapin I. Epilepsy in autism. The Lancet Neurology.2002;1(6): 352–58

Amiet C, Gourfinkel-An I, Bouzamondo A et al. Epilepsy in autism is associated with intellectual disability and gender: evidence from a meta-analysis. Biological psychiatry. 2008;64(7):577–82.

Besag FM. C, Vasey MJ. Seizures and Epilepsy in Autism Spectrum Disorder. Child and adolescent psychiatric clinics of North America.2020;29(3):483–500.

Guo M, Xie P, Liu S, Luan G, Li T. Epilepsy and Autism Spectrum Disorder(ASD): The Underlying Mechanisms and Therapy Targets Related to Adenosine. Curr Neuropharmacol. 2023;21(1):54-66.

Viscidi EW, Triche EW, Pescosolido MF et al. Clinical characteristics of children with autism spectrum disorder and co-occurring epilepsy. PloSone.2013;8(7): e67797.

El Achkar CM, Spence SJ. Clinical characteristics of children and young adults with co-occurring autism spectrum disorder and epilepsy. Epilepsy&behavior. 2015;47:183-90.

Lo-Castro A, Curatolo P. Epilepsy associated with autism and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: Is there a genetic link? Brain and Development. 2014;36(3):185-93.

Hildebrand MS, Dahl HHM, Damiano JA, Smith RJH, Scheffer IE, Berkovic S.F. Recent advances in the molecular genetics of epilepsy. Journal of medical genetics. 2013;50(5):271-79.

Sandin S, Lichtenstein P, Kuja-Halkola R, Hultman C, Larsson H, Reichenberg A. The heritability of autism spectrum disorder. Jama. 2017;318(12):1182-84.

Tick B, Bolton P, Happé F, Rutter M, Rijsdijk F. Heritability of autism spectrum disorders: A meta-analysis of twin studies. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry. 2016;57(5):585-95.

Colvert E, Tick B, McEwen F. et al. Heritability of autism spectrum disorder in a UK population-based twin sample. JAMA Psychiatry. 2015;72(5):415-23.

Bozzi Y, Provenzano G, Casarosa S. Neurobiological bases of autism-epilepsy comorbidity: A focus on excitation/inhibition imbalance. European Journal of Neuroscience. 2018;47(6):534-48.

Hutsler JJ, Zhang H. Increased dendritic spine densities on cortical projection neurons in autism spectrum disorders. Brain Research. 2010;1309:83-94.

Boutros, N.N. Standard EEG: a research road map for neuropsychiatry . Springer International Publishing; 2013; pp.35-37

Kanemura H, Sano F, Tando T, Sugita K, Aihara M. Can EEG characteristics predict development of epilepsy in autistic children? European Journal of Paediatric Neurology. 2013;17(3):232-37.

Jambaqué I, Mottron L, Chiron C. Neuropsychological outcome in children with West syndrome: a “human model” forautism. Neuropsychology of Childhood Epilepsy. 2001;175-83

Saemundsen E, Ludvigsson P, Rafnsson V. Autism spectrum disorders in children with a history of infantile spasms: A population-based study. Journal of child neurology. 2007;22(9):1102-107

Lukmanji S, Manji SA, Kadhim S et al. Theco-occurrence of epilepsy and autism: A systematic review. Epilepsy&behavior. 2019;238-48.

Hughes JR, Melyn M. EEG and seizures in autistic children and adolescents: Further findings with therapeutic implications. Clinical EEG and Neuroscience. 2005;36(1):15-20.

Kagan-Kushnir T, Roberts SW, Snead OC. Screening electroencephalograms in autism spectrum disorders: Evidence-based guideline. Journal of Child Neurology. 2005;20(3):197-206.

Chez MG, Chang M, Krasne V, Coughlan C, Kominsky M, Schwartz A. Frequency of epileptiform EEG abnormalities in a sequential screening of autistic patients with no known clinical epilepsy from 1996 to 2005. Epilepsy&Behavior. 2006;8(1):267-71.

Olsson I, Steffenburg S, Gillberg C. Epilepsy in autism and autistic like conditions. A population-based study. Archives of neurology. 1988;45(6):666-68.

Tuchman RF, Rapin I. Regression in pervasive developmental disorders: Seizures and epileptiform electroencephalogram correlates. Pediatrics. 1997;99(4):560-66.

American Psychiatric Association. (2000). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (4th ed., textrev.).

Guo M, Xie P, Liu S, Luan G, Li T. Epilepsy and Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD): The Underlying Mechanisms and Therapy Targets Related to Adenosine. Current neuropharmacology. 2023;21(1):54-66.

Kaplan G, McCracken JT. Psychopharmacology of autism spectrum disorders. Pediatric clinics. 2012;59(1):175-87.

Vismara LA, Rogers SJ. Behavioral treatments in autism spectrum disorder: What do we know? Annual review of clinical psychology. 2010;6:447-68.

Lesca G, Rudolf G, Labalme A et al. Epileptic encephalopathies of the Landau-Kleffner and continuous spike and waves durings low-wave sleep types: Genomic dissection makes the link with autism. Epilepsia. 2012;53(9):1526-38.

Medavarapu S, Marella LL, Sangem A, Kairam R. Where is the Evidence? A Narrative Literature Review of the Treatment Modalities for Autism Spectrum Disorders. Cureus. 2019;11(1).

Frye RE, Rossignol D, Casanova MF et al. A review of traditional and novel treatments for seizures in autism spectrum disorder: findings from a systematic review and expert panel. Frontiers in public health . 2013;1:p. 31.

Childs JA, Blair JL. Valproic acid treatment of epilepsy in autistic twins. The Journal of Neuroscience Nursing. 1997;29(4):244-48.

Hollander E, Dolgoff-Kaspar R, Cartwright C, Rawitt R, Novotny S. An open trial of divalproex sodium in autism spectrum disorders. The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry. 2001;62:530-40

White JR, Walczak TS, Leppik IE et al. Discontinuation of levetiracetam because of behavioral sideeffects: a case-control study. Neurology. 2003;61(9):1218-21.

Gogou M, Kolios G. Are therapeutic diets an emerging additional choice in autism spectrum disorder management? World Journal of Pediatrics. 2018;14(3):215-23.

Li Q, Liang J, Fu N, Han Y, Qin JA. Ketogenic diet and the treatment of autism spectrumdisorder. Frontiers in Pediatrics. 2021;341

Marchiò M, Roli L, Lucchi C et al. Ghrelin plasma levels after 1 year of ketogenic diet in children with refractory epilepsy. Frontiers in Nutrition. 2019;6:p.112.

Robertson J, Hatton C, Emerson E, Baines S. Prevalence of epilepsy among people with intellectual disabilities: a systematic review. Seizure. 2015;29:46-62.

Mayville EA, Matson J. Assessment of seizures and related symptomatology in persons with mental retardation. Behavior modification. 2004;28(5): 678-93.

McGrother CW, Bhaumik S, Thorp CF, Hauck A, Branford D, Watson JM. Epilepsy in adults with intellectual disabilities: prevalence, associations and service implications. Seizure. 2006; 15(6): 376-86.

Kılıç, B.G., Gürkan, K., Kerimoğlu, E (2015). Çocukluk ve Ergenlik Döneminde Görülen ruhsal Bozukluklar, Zihinsel Gelişim Bozukluğu. M.Orhan Öztürk, N.Aylin Uluşahin (Ed.), Ruh Sağlığı ve Bozuklukları (572-576). 13.baskı. Ankara: Nobel Tıp Kitabevleri.

Epilepsi Çalışma Grubu Tanı ve Tedavi Rehberi 2015. Moderatörler: S. Naz Yeni&Candan Gürses. Türk Nöroloji Derneği. 2015.

Karadeniz S, Kandil ST. Çocuk ve Ergende Nörolojik Hastalıklarda Konsültasyon Liyezon Psikiyatrisi. Turkiye Klinikleri Çocuk Psikiyatri Özel Dergisi. 2016; 2(2):18-28.

Gaitatzis A, Trimble MR, Sander JW. The psychiatric comorbidity of epilepsy. Acta Neurol Scand. 2004;110(4): 207-20.

Lambert MV, Robertson MM. Depression in epilepsy: etiology, phenomenology and treatment. Epilepsia. 1999;40(10):21-47.

Cankurtaran EŞ, Uluǧ B, Saygı S. Epilepsiye Eşlik Eden Psikiyatrik Bozukluklar. Klinik Psikofarmakoloji Bülteni. 2004; 14(2):97-106.

Özmen M, Tecer Ö. Epilepsi ve Depresyon. VI. Ulusal Epilepsi Kongresi-Konuşmacı Sunumları. 2008;14(1):17-51

Ekinci Ö, Toros F. Epilepsi tanılı çocuk ve ergenlerde ruhsal bozukluklar. Psikiyatride Güncel Yaklaşımlar. 2013;5(1): 60-77.

Mensah SA, Beavis JM, Thapar AK, Kerr M. The presence and clinical implications of depression in a community population of adults with epilepsy. Epilepsy&Behavior. 2006; 8(1):213-19.

Yulaf Y, Gümüştaş F. Çocuk psikiyatrisi polikliniğine başvuran çocuk ve ergenlerde epilepsi varlığında psikiyatrik sorunların cinsiyet ile ilişkisi. Anadolu Psikiyatri Dergisi. 2019;20(2):204-10.

Bilgiç A, Yılmaz S, Tıraş S, Deda G, Kılıç EZ. Bir grup epilepsili çocukta depresyon ve anksiyete belirti düzeyi ve ilişkili faktörler. Türk Psikiyatri Dergisi. 2006; 17(3):165-72.

Robertson MM, Trimble MR, Townsend HRA. Phenomenology of depression in epilepsy. Epilepsia. 1987; 28(4): 364-72

Thome-Souza S, Kuczynski E, AssumpçãoJr F et al. Which factors may play a pivotal role on determining the type of psychiatric disorder in children and adolescents with epilepsy? Epilepsy&Behavior. 2004;5(6): 988-94.

Hermann BP, Wyler AR. Depression, locus of control and effects of epilepsy surgery. Epilepsia. 1989; 30: 332-38

Padiso S, Hermann BP, Blumer D, Davies K, Robinson RG. Impact of depressed mood on neuropsychological status in temporal lobe epilepsy. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2001;70(2):180-85.

Sanchez-Gistau V, Sugranyes G, Baillés E et al. Is major depressive disorder specifically associated with mesial temporal sclerosis? Epilepsia. 2012; 53:386-92.

Oguz A, Kurul S, Dirik E, Eylül D. Relationship of epilepsy-related factors to anxiety and depression scores in epileptic children. Journal of Child Neurology. 2002; 17(1): 37-40.

Özyurt G, Öztura İ, Alkın T, Özerdem A. Epilepsiye bağlı anksiyete bozukluğu olgusu. Türk Psikiyatri Dergisi. 2015;26(1): 71-5.

Coraline H, Aileen M, Iliana K, Jean-Arthur MF. The Relationship Between Epilepsy and Anxiety Disorders. Current Psychiatry Reports. 2019; 21:40.

Beyenburg S, Mitchell AJ, Schmidt D, Elger CE, Reuber M. Anxiety in patients with epilepsy: systematic review and suggestions for clinical management. Epilepsy&Behavior. 2005;7(2):161-71.

Hamid H, Ettinger AB, Mula M. Anxiety symptoms in epilepsy: salient issues for future research. Epilepsy&Behavior. 2011;22(1):63-8.

Vyas A, Pillai AG, Chattarji S. Recovery after chronic stres fail store verse amygdaloid neuronal hypertrophy and enhanced anxiety-like behavior. Neuroscience. 2004;128(4): 667–73.

Mitsueda-Ono T, Ikeda A, Inouchi M, et al. Amygdalar enlargement in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy. Journal of Neurology Neurosurgery&Psychiatry. 2011;82(6): 652-57

Williams J, Steel C, Sharp GB, et al. Anxiety in children with epilepsy. Epilepsy&Behavior. 2003; 4:729-32.

Dunn DW, Austin JK. Differential diagnosis and treatment of psychiatric disorders in children and adolescents with epilepsy. Epilepsy&Behavior. 2004; 5(suppl 3):10-17.

Caplan R, Siddarth P, Gurbani S, Hanson R, Sankar R, Shields WD. Depression and anxiety disorders in pediatric epilepsy. Epilepsia. 2005; 46(5):720-30.

Shukla G, Singh S, Goyal V, et al. Prolonged preictal psychosis refractory seizures: a report of three cases. Epilepsy&Behavior. 2008;13(1):252-55.

Balcıoğlu İ, Kocabaşoğlu N, Songar A. Epilepside Depresyon Ve Tedavisi. Klinik Psikofarmakoloji Bülteni. 1994; 4:39-42.

Alper K, Schwartz KA, Kolts RL, Khan A. Seizure incidence in psychopharmacological clinicalt rials: An analysis of Food and Drug Administration (FDA) summary basis of approval reports. Biological Psychiatry. 2007; 62(4):345-54.

Kesebir S, Güven S, Koç İ. Epilepsi ve duygudurum bozuklukları. Psikiyatride Güncel Yaklaşımlar. 2012;4(1): 51-68.

Kimiskidis VK, Valeta T. Epilepsy and anxiety: epidemiology, classification, aetiology, and treatment. Epileptic disorders. 2012;14(3): 248-56.

Markowski-Leeman, B.A., Schachter, S.C.(2015). Psychiatric Comorbidity of Epilepsy. In: Wyllie E, ed. Treatment of Epilepsy Principles and Practice. 6th ed. China: Wolters Kluwer; p.995-1010.

Öztürk, M.O., Uluşahin, N.A. (2015). Ruhsal Bozukluklarda İlaç Sağaltımı, M. Orhan Öztürk, N. Aylin Uluşahin (Ed.), Ruh Sağlığı ve Bozuklukları (643-733). 13.baskı. Ankara: Nobel Tıp Kitabevleri.

Agrawal N, Mula M. Treatment of psychoses in patients with epilepsy: an update. Therapeutic Advances in Psychopharmacology. 2019;9:1-10.

Pliszka S, Issues AWGOQ. Practice parameter for the assessment and treatment of children and adolescents with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry. 2007;46(7):894-921.

Fine A, Wirrell EC Seizures in children. Pediatrics in Review 2020;41(7):321-47.

Keezer MR, Sisodiya SM, Sander JW. Comorbidities of epilepsy: Current concepts and future perspectives. Lancet Neurol. 2016;15:106–15.

Davis SM, Katusic SK, Barbaresi WJ. et al. Epilepsy in children with ADHD: A population-based study. Pediatr Neurology. 2010;42:325–30.

Hermann B, Jones J, Dabbs K et al. The frequency, complications and aetiology of ADHD in new onset paediatric epilepsy. Brain. 2007;130:3135–48.

Fan HC, Chiang KL, Chang KH, Chen CM, Tsai JD. Epilepsy and Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: Connection, Chance, and Challenges. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2023;24(6):5270.

Chou IC, Chang YT, Chin ZN, Correlation between epilepsy and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: A population-based cohort study. PLoS ONE. 2013;8:e57926.

Ahmed GK, Abdalla AA, Mohamed AM, Mohamed LA, Shamaa HA. Relationship between time spent playing internet gaming apps and behavioral problems, sleep problems, alexithymia, and emotion dysregulations in children: A multicentre study. Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Mental Health. 2022;16(1):1-11.

Shimizu H, Morimoto Y, Yamamoto N, Tayama T, Ozawa H, Imamura A. Overlap between Epilepsy and Neurodevelopmental Disorders: Insights from Clinical and Genetic Studies. Exon Publications. 2022:41-54

Brikell I, Ghirardi L, D’Onofrio BM et al. Familial Liability to Epilepsy and Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: A Nationwide Cohort Study. Biological Psychiatry. 2018;83: 173-80.

Moreno-De-Luca A, Myers SM, Challman TD, Moreno-De-Luca D, Evans DW, Ledbetter DH. Developmental brain dysfunction: Revival and expansion of old concepts based on new genetic evidence. The Lancet Neurology. 2013;12(4):406–14.

Wang M, Zhao Q, Kang H, Zhu S. Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in children with epilepsy. Irish journal of medical science. 2020;189(1):305–13.

National Institute for Health and Care Excellence Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: Diagnosis and Management. [(accessed on 2 March 2023)]. Available online: https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/ng87/resources/attention-deficit-hyperactivity-disorder-diagnosis-and-management-pdf-1837699732933

Eaton C, Yong K, Walter V, Mbizvo GK, Rhodes S, Chin RF. Stimulant and non-stimulant drug therapy for people with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and epilepsy. The Cochrane database of systematic reviews. 2022;(7).

Gonzalez-Heydrich J, Whitney J, Waber D et al. Adaptive phase I study of OROS methylphenidate treatment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder with epilepsy. Epilepsy&behavior. 2010;18(3): 229-37.

Fallah R, Eiliaei S, Ferdosian F. Clinical Trial of Efficacy Evaluation of Omega-3 with Risperidone on Seizures Frequency in Children with Refractory Epilepsy and Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder. Iranian journal of child neurology.2018;12(4):28–36.

Ravi M, Ickowicz A. Epilepsy, Attention-Deficit/HyperactivityDisorder and Methylphenidate: Critical Examination of Guiding Evidence. Journal of the Canadian Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry.2016;25:50–58.

Tan M, Appleton R. Attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder, methylphenidate, and epilepsy. Archives of disease in childhood. 2005;90(1): 57-59.

Kanner AM, Gidal BE. Pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic interactions of psychotropic drugs with antiepileptic drugs. International Review of Neurobiology.2008;83:397–416.

Markowitz JS, Morrison SD, De Vane CL. Drug interactions with psychostimulants. International clinical psychopharmacology.1999;14(1):1–18.

Parisi P, Moavero R, Verrotti A, Curatolo P. Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in children with epilepsy. Brain and Development.2010;32(1):10–16.

Association AP. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5). 5th Ed. Washington DC: American Psychiatry Publishing; 2013.

Autism and Developmental Disabilities Monitoring Network: www.cdc.gov/addm

Landrigan PJ. What causes autism? Exploring the environmental contribution. Current opinion in pediatrics.2010;22(2):219–25.

Tuchman R, Rapin I. Epilepsy in autism. The Lancet Neurology.2002;1(6): 352–58

Amiet C, Gourfinkel-An I, Bouzamondo A et al. Epilepsy in autism is associated with intellectual disability and gender: evidence from a meta-analysis. Biological psychiatry. 2008;64(7):577–82.

Besag FM. C, Vasey MJ. Seizures and Epilepsy in Autism Spectrum Disorder. Child and adolescent psychiatric clinics of North America.2020;29(3):483–500.

Guo M, Xie P, Liu S, Luan G, Li T. Epilepsy and Autism Spectrum Disorder(ASD): The Underlying Mechanisms and Therapy Targets Related to Adenosine. Curr Neuropharmacol. 2023;21(1):54-66.

Viscidi EW, Triche EW, Pescosolido MF et al. Clinical characteristics of children with autism spectrum disorder and co-occurring epilepsy. PloSone.2013;8(7): e67797.

El Achkar CM, Spence SJ. Clinical characteristics of children and young adults with co-occurring autism spectrum disorder and epilepsy. Epilepsy&behavior. 2015;47:183-90.

Lo-Castro A, Curatolo P. Epilepsy associated with autism and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: Is there a genetic link? Brain and Development. 2014;36(3):185-93.

Hildebrand MS, Dahl HHM, Damiano JA, Smith RJH, Scheffer IE, Berkovic S.F. Recent advances in the molecular genetics of epilepsy. Journal of medical genetics. 2013;50(5):271-79.

Sandin S, Lichtenstein P, Kuja-Halkola R, Hultman C, Larsson H, Reichenberg A. The heritability of autism spectrum disorder. Jama. 2017;318(12):1182-84.

Tick B, Bolton P, Happé F, Rutter M, Rijsdijk F. Heritability of autism spectrum disorders: A meta-analysis of twin studies. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry. 2016;57(5):585-95.

Colvert E, Tick B, McEwen F. et al. Heritability of autism spectrum disorder in a UK population-based twin sample. JAMA Psychiatry. 2015;72(5):415-23.

Bozzi Y, Provenzano G, Casarosa S. Neurobiological bases of autism-epilepsy comorbidity: A focus on excitation/inhibition imbalance. European Journal of Neuroscience. 2018;47(6):534-48.

Hutsler JJ, Zhang H. Increased dendritic spine densities on cortical projection neurons in autism spectrum disorders. Brain Research. 2010;1309:83-94.

Boutros, N.N. Standard EEG: a research road map for neuropsychiatry . Springer International Publishing; 2013; pp.35-37

Kanemura H, Sano F, Tando T, Sugita K, Aihara M. Can EEG characteristics predict development of epilepsy in autistic children? European Journal of Paediatric Neurology. 2013;17(3):232-37.

Jambaqué I, Mottron L, Chiron C. Neuropsychological outcome in children with West syndrome: a “human model” forautism. Neuropsychology of Childhood Epilepsy. 2001;175-83

Saemundsen E, Ludvigsson P, Rafnsson V. Autism spectrum disorders in children with a history of infantile spasms: A population-based study. Journal of child neurology. 2007;22(9):1102-107

Lukmanji S, Manji SA, Kadhim S et al. Theco-occurrence of epilepsy and autism: A systematic review. Epilepsy&behavior. 2019;238-48.

Hughes JR, Melyn M. EEG and seizures in autistic children and adolescents: Further findings with therapeutic implications. Clinical EEG and Neuroscience. 2005;36(1):15-20.

Kagan-Kushnir T, Roberts SW, Snead OC. Screening electroencephalograms in autism spectrum disorders: Evidence-based guideline. Journal of Child Neurology. 2005;20(3):197-206.

Chez MG, Chang M, Krasne V, Coughlan C, Kominsky M, Schwartz A. Frequency of epileptiform EEG abnormalities in a sequential screening of autistic patients with no known clinical epilepsy from 1996 to 2005. Epilepsy&Behavior. 2006;8(1):267-71.

Olsson I, Steffenburg S, Gillberg C. Epilepsy in autism and autistic like conditions. A population-based study. Archives of neurology. 1988;45(6):666-68.

Tuchman RF, Rapin I. Regression in pervasive developmental disorders: Seizures and epileptiform electroencephalogram correlates. Pediatrics. 1997;99(4):560-66.

American Psychiatric Association. (2000). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (4th ed., textrev.).

Guo M, Xie P, Liu S, Luan G, Li T. Epilepsy and Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD): The Underlying Mechanisms and Therapy Targets Related to Adenosine. Current neuropharmacology. 2023;21(1):54-66.

Kaplan G, McCracken JT. Psychopharmacology of autism spectrum disorders. Pediatric clinics. 2012;59(1):175-87.

Vismara LA, Rogers SJ. Behavioral treatments in autism spectrum disorder: What do we know? Annual review of clinical psychology. 2010;6:447-68.

Lesca G, Rudolf G, Labalme A et al. Epileptic encephalopathies of the Landau-Kleffner and continuous spike and waves durings low-wave sleep types: Genomic dissection makes the link with autism. Epilepsia. 2012;53(9):1526-38.

Medavarapu S, Marella LL, Sangem A, Kairam R. Where is the Evidence? A Narrative Literature Review of the Treatment Modalities for Autism Spectrum Disorders. Cureus. 2019;11(1).

Frye RE, Rossignol D, Casanova MF et al. A review of traditional and novel treatments for seizures in autism spectrum disorder: findings from a systematic review and expert panel. Frontiers in public health . 2013;1:p. 31.

Childs JA, Blair JL. Valproic acid treatment of epilepsy in autistic twins. The Journal of Neuroscience Nursing. 1997;29(4):244-48.

Hollander E, Dolgoff-Kaspar R, Cartwright C, Rawitt R, Novotny S. An open trial of divalproex sodium in autism spectrum disorders. The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry. 2001;62:530-40

White JR, Walczak TS, Leppik IE et al. Discontinuation of levetiracetam because of behavioral sideeffects: a case-control study. Neurology. 2003;61(9):1218-21.

Gogou M, Kolios G. Are therapeutic diets an emerging additional choice in autism spectrum disorder management? World Journal of Pediatrics. 2018;14(3):215-23.

Li Q, Liang J, Fu N, Han Y, Qin JA. Ketogenic diet and the treatment of autism spectrumdisorder. Frontiers in Pediatrics. 2021;341

Marchiò M, Roli L, Lucchi C et al. Ghrelin plasma levels after 1 year of ketogenic diet in children with refractory epilepsy. Frontiers in Nutrition. 2019;6:p.112.

Robertson J, Hatton C, Emerson E, Baines S. Prevalence of epilepsy among people with intellectual disabilities: a systematic review. Seizure. 2015;29:46-62.

Mayville EA, Matson J. Assessment of seizures and related symptomatology in persons with mental retardation. Behavior modification. 2004;28(5): 678-93.

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