Non-Epileptik Paroksismal Olaylar

Canpolat M, Acer H, Kumandaş S. Nonepileptik paroksismal olaylar. Kumandaş S, Canpolat M, editörler. Çocukluk Çağı Epilepsileri. 1. Baskı. Ankara: Türkiye Klinikleri; 2020. p.210- 31.

DiMario FJ. Paroxysmal nonepileptic events of childhood. Semin Pediatr Neurol. 2006;13(4):208–21.

Leibetseder A, Eisermann M, LaFrance WC Jr, Nobili L, von Oertzen TJ. How to distinguish seizures from non-epileptic manifestations. Epileptic Disord. 2020;22(6):716–38.

Orivoli S, Facini C, Pisani F. Paroxysmal nonepileptic motor phenomena in newborn. Brain Dev. 2015;37(9):833–9.

Parker S, Zuckerman B, Bauchner H, Frank D, Vinci R, Cabral H. Jitteriness in full-term neonates: prevalence and correlates. Pediatrics. 1990 Jan;85(1):17-23. PMID: 2296489.

Bakker MJ, van Dijk JG, van den Maagdenberg AM, Tijssen MA. Startle syndromes. Lancet Neurol 2006; 5(6):513–524.

Saini A, Pandey S. Hyperekplexia and other startle syndromes. J Neurol Sci 2020; 416:11705

Bhidayasiri R, Truong D (2011) Startle syndromes. Handb Clin Neurol 100:421–430. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-444-52014- 2.00032-X

Meinck H (2006) Startle and its disorders. Neurophysiol Clin 36(5–6):357–364. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neucli.2006.12.007

Bode A, Lynch JW (2014) The impact of human hyperekplexia mutations on glycine receptor structure and function. Mol Brain 7:2. https://doi.org/10.1186/1756-6606-7-2

Harvey RJ, Topf M, Harvey K, Rees MI (2008) The genetics of hyperekplexia: more than startle! Trends Genet 24(9):439–447.

0. Zhou L, Chillag KL, Nigro MA. Hyperekplexia: a treatable neurogenetic disease. Brain Dev 2002; 24(7):669–674.

Zhan FX, Wang SG, Cao L. Advances in hyperekplexia and other startle syndromes. Neurol Sci. 2021 Oct;42(10):4095-4107.

Kirstein L, Silfverskiold BP (1958) A family with emotionally precipitated drop seizures. Acta Psychiatr Neurol Scand 33(4):471–476.

Suhren OBG, Tuynman JA. Hyperekplexia - a hereditary startle syndrome. J Neurol Sci 1966; 3:577–605

Baizabal-Carvallo J, Jankovic J. Stif-person syndrome: insights into a complex autoimmune disorder. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2015; 86(8):840–848.

Afawi Z, Bassan H, Heron S, Oliver K, Straussberg R, Scheffer I, Leventer R, Korczyn A, Berkovic S. Benign neonatal sleep myoclonus: an autosomal dominant form not allelic to KCNQ2 or KCNQ3. J Child Neurol. 2012 Oct;27(10):1260-3.

Maurer VO, Rizzi M, Bianchetti MG, Ramelli GP. Benign neonatal sleep myoclonus: a review of the literature. Pediatrics. 2010;125(4):e919–24.

Flodine TE, Shah M, Mendez MD. Breath-Holding Spells. 2023 Aug 17. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2023 Jan–.

Ozcora GDK, Kumandas S, Sagiroglu A, Acer N, Doganay S, Yigit H, Canpolat M, Per H, Gumus H. Evaluating the brainstem in children with breath-holding spells. North Clin Istanb. 2022;9(6):610-615

Leung AKC, Leung AAM, Wong AHC, Hon KL. Breath-Holding Spells in Pediatrics: A Narrative Review of the Current Evidence. Curr Pediatr Rev. 2019;15(1):22-29.

Saad K, Farghaly HS, Badry R, Othman HA. Selenium and antioxidant levels decreased in blood of children with breath-holding spells. J Child Neurol. 2014 Oct;29(10):1339-43.

Hanci, F, Türay S., Tırınk Ö. F., Kabakuş N. Breath-holding Spells: Etiological Factors, Laboratory Findings, and Rates of Response to Iron Therapy. Anatolian Clinic the Journal of Medical Sciences, 2021, 26.2: 165-172.

Jain R, Omanakuttan D, Singh A, Jajoo M. Effect of iron supplementation in children with breath holding spells. J Paediatr Child Health. 2017 Aug;53(8):749-753.

Ghazavi MR, Salehi MM, Nasiri J, Yaghini O, Mansouri V, Hoseini N. The Comparison of Levetiracetam and Piracetam Effectiveness on Breath-Holding Spells in Children: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial. Adv Biomed Res. 2021;10:47.

Abbaskhanian A, Ehteshami S, Sajjadi S, Rezai MS. Effects of piracetam on pediatric breath holding spells: a randomized double blind controlled trial. Iran J Child Neurol. 2012 Fall;6(4):9-15.

Ouvrier RA, Billson F. Benign paroxysmal tonic upgaze of childhood. J Child Neurol. 1988;3:177–180.

Ouvrier R, Billson F. Paroxysmal tonic upgaze of childhood: a review. Brain Dev. 2005;27:185–188.

Blumkin L, Leshinsky-Silver E, Michelson M, et al. Paroxysmal tonic upward gaze as a presentation of de-novo mutations in CACNA1A. Eur J Paediatr Neurol. 2015;19:292–297.

Giffin NJ, Benton S, Goadsby PJ. Benign paroxysmal torticollis of infancy: four new cases and linkage to CACNA1A mutation. Dev Med Child Neurol 2002; 44: 490–3.

Rosman NP, Douglass LM, Sharif UM, Paolini J. The neurology of benign paroxysmal torticollis of infancy: report of 10 new cases and review of the literature. J Child Neurol 2009; 24: 155–60.

Danielsson A, Anderlid BM, Stödberg T, Lagerstedt-Robinson K, Klackenberg Arrhenius E, Tedroff K. Benign paroxysmal torticollis of infancy does not lead to neurological sequelae. Dev Med Child Neurol. 2018 Dec;60(12):1251-1255. doi: 10.1111/dmcn.13939.

Deonna T, Martin D. Benign paroxysmal torticollis in infancy. Arch Dis Child 1981; 56: 956–9.

Gurberg J, Tomczak KK, Brodsky JR. Benign paroxysmal vertigo of childhood. Handb Clin Neurol. 2023;198:229-240. doi: 10.1016/B978-0-12-823356-6.00004-4.

Riehl JA, Mink JW. Shuddering attacks. J Pediatr Neurol 2010;8(1):25-7.

Katherine M. Stereotypic Movement Disorders. Semin Pediatr Neurol. 2018 Apr;25:19-24. doi: 10.1016/j.spen.2017.12.004. Epub 2017 Dec 26.

Güleç A, Öztürk S, Acer H, Canpolat M, Gümüş H, Per H. The Assessment and Management of Childhood Masturbation: An Analysis of 90 Cases. Neuropediatrics. 2024 Jan 5. doi: 10.1055/a-2190-9604.

Raucci U, Borrelli O, Di Nardo G, et al. Cyclic Vomiting Syndrome in Children. Front Neurol. 2020 Nov 2;11:583425.

Bowen M, Peragallo JH, Kralik SF, Poretti A, Huisman TAGM, Soares BP. Magnetic resonance imaging findings in children with spasmus nutans. J AAPOS. 2017 Apr;21(2):127-130. doi: 10.1016/j.jaapos.2017.03.001.

Khan AO. Magnetic resonance imaging findings in children with spasmus nutans. J AAPOS. 2017 Aug;21(4):345. doi: 10.1016/j.jaapos.2017.06.004.

Moore DM, Rizzolo D. Sandifer syndrome. JAAPA. 2018 Apr;31(4):18-22. doi: 10.1097/01.JAA.0000531044.72598.26. PMID: 29517619.

Ohayan MM, Guilleminault C, Priest RG. Night terrors, sleepwalking, and confusional arousals in the general population: their frequency and relationship to other sleep and mental disorders. J Clin Psychiatry. 1999;60(4):268-76.

Arhan EP. Çocukluk çağında uyku bozuklukları ve epilepsi ayırıcı tanısında uyku bozukluklarının yeri. Kumandaş S, Canpolat M, editörler. Çocukluk Çağı Epilepsileri. 1. Baskı. Ankara: Türkiye Klinikleri; 2020. p.253-63.

Vendrame M, Kothare SV. Epileptic and nonepileptic paroxysmal events out of sleep in children. J Clin Neurophysiol. 2011;28(2):111-9.

Moodley M. Clinical approach to syncope in children. Semin Pediatr Neurol. 2013;20:12- 177.

Kırık S, Canpolat M, Kumandaş S. Senkop. Kumandaş S, Canpolat M, editörler. Çocukluk Çağı Epilepsileri. 1. Baskı. Ankara: Türkiye Klinikleri; 2020. p.239-47.

Kurlan R, McDermott MP, Deeley C, Como PG, Brower C, Eapen S, Andresen EM, Miller B. Prevalence of tics in schoolchildren and association with placement in special education. Neurology. 2001;57(8):1383-8

Serdaroğlu E, Arhan EP. Çocukluk yaş grubunda sık görülen hareket bozuklukları ve epilepsi ayırıcı tanısında hareket bozukluklarının yeri. Kumandaş S, Canpolat M, editörler. Çocukluk Çağı Epilepsileri. 1. Baskı. Ankara: Türkiye Klinikleri; 2020. p.248-52.

Weng WC, Huang HL, Wong LC, Jong YJ, Yin YJ, Chen HA, et al. ıncreased risks of tic disorders in children with epilepsy: A nation-wide population-based case-control study in Taiwan. Res Dev Disabil. 2016;51-52:173-80.

Reuber M. Psychogenic nonepileptic seizures: diagnosis, aetiology, treatment and prognosis. Schweiz Arch Neurol Psychiatr 2005;156:47–57.

Benbadis S. The differential diagnosis of epilepsy: a critical review. Epilepsy Behav 2009; 15(1): 15-21.

Parisi P, Verrotti A, Costa P, Striano P, Zanus C, Carrozzi M, Raucci U, Villa MP, Belcastro V. Diagnostic criteria currently proposed for "ictal epileptic headache": Perspectives on strengths, weaknesses and pitfalls. Seizure. 2015 Sep;31:56-63. doi: 10.1016/j.seizure.2015.07.005.

Leibetseder A, Eisermann M, LaFrance WC Jr, Nobili L, von Oertzen TJ. How to distinguish seizures from non-epileptic manifestations. Epileptic Disord. 2020 Dec 1;22(6):716-738. doi: 10.1684/epd.2020.1234.

Canpolat M, Acer H, Kumandaş S. Nonepileptik paroksismal olaylar. Kumandaş S, Canpolat M, editörler. Çocukluk Çağı Epilepsileri. 1. Baskı. Ankara: Türkiye Klinikleri; 2020. p.210- 31.

DiMario FJ. Paroxysmal nonepileptic events of childhood. Semin Pediatr Neurol. 2006;13(4):208–21.

Leibetseder A, Eisermann M, LaFrance WC Jr, Nobili L, von Oertzen TJ. How to distinguish seizures from non-epileptic manifestations. Epileptic Disord. 2020;22(6):716–38.

Orivoli S, Facini C, Pisani F. Paroxysmal nonepileptic motor phenomena in newborn. Brain Dev. 2015;37(9):833–9.

Parker S, Zuckerman B, Bauchner H, Frank D, Vinci R, Cabral H. Jitteriness in full-term neonates: prevalence and correlates. Pediatrics. 1990 Jan;85(1):17-23. PMID: 2296489.

Bakker MJ, van Dijk JG, van den Maagdenberg AM, Tijssen MA. Startle syndromes. Lancet Neurol 2006; 5(6):513–524.

Saini A, Pandey S. Hyperekplexia and other startle syndromes. J Neurol Sci 2020; 416:11705

Bhidayasiri R, Truong D (2011) Startle syndromes. Handb Clin Neurol 100:421–430. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-444-52014- 2.00032-X

Meinck H (2006) Startle and its disorders. Neurophysiol Clin 36(5–6):357–364. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neucli.2006.12.007

Bode A, Lynch JW (2014) The impact of human hyperekplexia mutations on glycine receptor structure and function. Mol Brain 7:2. https://doi.org/10.1186/1756-6606-7-2

Harvey RJ, Topf M, Harvey K, Rees MI (2008) The genetics of hyperekplexia: more than startle! Trends Genet 24(9):439–447.

0. Zhou L, Chillag KL, Nigro MA. Hyperekplexia: a treatable neurogenetic disease. Brain Dev 2002; 24(7):669–674.

Zhan FX, Wang SG, Cao L. Advances in hyperekplexia and other startle syndromes. Neurol Sci. 2021 Oct;42(10):4095-4107.

Kirstein L, Silfverskiold BP (1958) A family with emotionally precipitated drop seizures. Acta Psychiatr Neurol Scand 33(4):471–476.

Suhren OBG, Tuynman JA. Hyperekplexia - a hereditary startle syndrome. J Neurol Sci 1966; 3:577–605

Baizabal-Carvallo J, Jankovic J. Stif-person syndrome: insights into a complex autoimmune disorder. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2015; 86(8):840–848.

Afawi Z, Bassan H, Heron S, Oliver K, Straussberg R, Scheffer I, Leventer R, Korczyn A, Berkovic S. Benign neonatal sleep myoclonus: an autosomal dominant form not allelic to KCNQ2 or KCNQ3. J Child Neurol. 2012 Oct;27(10):1260-3.

Maurer VO, Rizzi M, Bianchetti MG, Ramelli GP. Benign neonatal sleep myoclonus: a review of the literature. Pediatrics. 2010;125(4):e919–24.

Flodine TE, Shah M, Mendez MD. Breath-Holding Spells. 2023 Aug 17. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2023 Jan–.

Ozcora GDK, Kumandas S, Sagiroglu A, Acer N, Doganay S, Yigit H, Canpolat M, Per H, Gumus H. Evaluating the brainstem in children with breath-holding spells. North Clin Istanb. 2022;9(6):610-615

Leung AKC, Leung AAM, Wong AHC, Hon KL. Breath-Holding Spells in Pediatrics: A Narrative Review of the Current Evidence. Curr Pediatr Rev. 2019;15(1):22-29.

Saad K, Farghaly HS, Badry R, Othman HA. Selenium and antioxidant levels decreased in blood of children with breath-holding spells. J Child Neurol. 2014 Oct;29(10):1339-43.

Hanci, F, Türay S., Tırınk Ö. F., Kabakuş N. Breath-holding Spells: Etiological Factors, Laboratory Findings, and Rates of Response to Iron Therapy. Anatolian Clinic the Journal of Medical Sciences, 2021, 26.2: 165-172.

Jain R, Omanakuttan D, Singh A, Jajoo M. Effect of iron supplementation in children with breath holding spells. J Paediatr Child Health. 2017 Aug;53(8):749-753.

Ghazavi MR, Salehi MM, Nasiri J, Yaghini O, Mansouri V, Hoseini N. The Comparison of Levetiracetam and Piracetam Effectiveness on Breath-Holding Spells in Children: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial. Adv Biomed Res. 2021;10:47.

Abbaskhanian A, Ehteshami S, Sajjadi S, Rezai MS. Effects of piracetam on pediatric breath holding spells: a randomized double blind controlled trial. Iran J Child Neurol. 2012 Fall;6(4):9-15.

Ouvrier RA, Billson F. Benign paroxysmal tonic upgaze of childhood. J Child Neurol. 1988;3:177–180.

Ouvrier R, Billson F. Paroxysmal tonic upgaze of childhood: a review. Brain Dev. 2005;27:185–188.

Blumkin L, Leshinsky-Silver E, Michelson M, et al. Paroxysmal tonic upward gaze as a presentation of de-novo mutations in CACNA1A. Eur J Paediatr Neurol. 2015;19:292–297.

Giffin NJ, Benton S, Goadsby PJ. Benign paroxysmal torticollis of infancy: four new cases and linkage to CACNA1A mutation. Dev Med Child Neurol 2002; 44: 490–3.

Rosman NP, Douglass LM, Sharif UM, Paolini J. The neurology of benign paroxysmal torticollis of infancy: report of 10 new cases and review of the literature. J Child Neurol 2009; 24: 155–60.

Danielsson A, Anderlid BM, Stödberg T, Lagerstedt-Robinson K, Klackenberg Arrhenius E, Tedroff K. Benign paroxysmal torticollis of infancy does not lead to neurological sequelae. Dev Med Child Neurol. 2018 Dec;60(12):1251-1255. doi: 10.1111/dmcn.13939.

Deonna T, Martin D. Benign paroxysmal torticollis in infancy. Arch Dis Child 1981; 56: 956–9.

Gurberg J, Tomczak KK, Brodsky JR. Benign paroxysmal vertigo of childhood. Handb Clin Neurol. 2023;198:229-240. doi: 10.1016/B978-0-12-823356-6.00004-4.

Riehl JA, Mink JW. Shuddering attacks. J Pediatr Neurol 2010;8(1):25-7.

Katherine M. Stereotypic Movement Disorders. Semin Pediatr Neurol. 2018 Apr;25:19-24. doi: 10.1016/j.spen.2017.12.004. Epub 2017 Dec 26.

Güleç A, Öztürk S, Acer H, Canpolat M, Gümüş H, Per H. The Assessment and Management of Childhood Masturbation: An Analysis of 90 Cases. Neuropediatrics. 2024 Jan 5. doi: 10.1055/a-2190-9604.

Raucci U, Borrelli O, Di Nardo G, et al. Cyclic Vomiting Syndrome in Children. Front Neurol. 2020 Nov 2;11:583425.

Bowen M, Peragallo JH, Kralik SF, Poretti A, Huisman TAGM, Soares BP. Magnetic resonance imaging findings in children with spasmus nutans. J AAPOS. 2017 Apr;21(2):127-130. doi: 10.1016/j.jaapos.2017.03.001.

Khan AO. Magnetic resonance imaging findings in children with spasmus nutans. J AAPOS. 2017 Aug;21(4):345. doi: 10.1016/j.jaapos.2017.06.004.

Moore DM, Rizzolo D. Sandifer syndrome. JAAPA. 2018 Apr;31(4):18-22. doi: 10.1097/01.JAA.0000531044.72598.26. PMID: 29517619.

Ohayan MM, Guilleminault C, Priest RG. Night terrors, sleepwalking, and confusional arousals in the general population: their frequency and relationship to other sleep and mental disorders. J Clin Psychiatry. 1999;60(4):268-76.

Arhan EP. Çocukluk çağında uyku bozuklukları ve epilepsi ayırıcı tanısında uyku bozukluklarının yeri. Kumandaş S, Canpolat M, editörler. Çocukluk Çağı Epilepsileri. 1. Baskı. Ankara: Türkiye Klinikleri; 2020. p.253-63.

Vendrame M, Kothare SV. Epileptic and nonepileptic paroxysmal events out of sleep in children. J Clin Neurophysiol. 2011;28(2):111-9.

Moodley M. Clinical approach to syncope in children. Semin Pediatr Neurol. 2013;20:12- 177.

Kırık S, Canpolat M, Kumandaş S. Senkop. Kumandaş S, Canpolat M, editörler. Çocukluk Çağı Epilepsileri. 1. Baskı. Ankara: Türkiye Klinikleri; 2020. p.239-47.

Kurlan R, McDermott MP, Deeley C, Como PG, Brower C, Eapen S, Andresen EM, Miller B. Prevalence of tics in schoolchildren and association with placement in special education. Neurology. 2001;57(8):1383-8

Serdaroğlu E, Arhan EP. Çocukluk yaş grubunda sık görülen hareket bozuklukları ve epilepsi ayırıcı tanısında hareket bozukluklarının yeri. Kumandaş S, Canpolat M, editörler. Çocukluk Çağı Epilepsileri. 1. Baskı. Ankara: Türkiye Klinikleri; 2020. p.248-52.

Weng WC, Huang HL, Wong LC, Jong YJ, Yin YJ, Chen HA, et al. ıncreased risks of tic disorders in children with epilepsy: A nation-wide population-based case-control study in Taiwan. Res Dev Disabil. 2016;51-52:173-80.

Reuber M. Psychogenic nonepileptic seizures: diagnosis, aetiology, treatment and prognosis. Schweiz Arch Neurol Psychiatr 2005;156:47–57.

Benbadis S. The differential diagnosis of epilepsy: a critical review. Epilepsy Behav 2009; 15(1): 15-21.

Parisi P, Verrotti A, Costa P, Striano P, Zanus C, Carrozzi M, Raucci U, Villa MP, Belcastro V. Diagnostic criteria currently proposed for "ictal epileptic headache": Perspectives on strengths, weaknesses and pitfalls. Seizure. 2015 Sep;31:56-63. doi: 10.1016/j.seizure.2015.07.005.

Leibetseder A, Eisermann M, LaFrance WC Jr, Nobili L, von Oertzen TJ. How to distinguish seizures from non-epileptic manifestations. Epileptic Disord. 2020 Dec 1;22(6):716-738. doi: 10.1684/epd.2020.1234.