Uykuda Diken Dalga Aktivasyonu İle Birlikte Gelişimsel ve/veya Epileptik Ensefalopatiler
Özet
Referanslar
Zuberi SM, Wirrell E, Yozawitz E, et al. ILAE classification and definition of epilepsy syndromes with onset in neonates and infants: Position statement by the ILAE Task Force on Nosology and Definitions. Epilepsia 2022; 63:1349.
Specchio, Nicola, et al. "International League Against Epilepsy classification and definition of epilepsy syndromes with onset in childhood: Position paper by the ILAE Task Force on Nosology and Definitions." Epilepsia 63.6 (2022): 1398-1442.
Scheltens-de Boer M. Guidelines for EEG in encephalopathy related to ESES/CSWS in children. Epilepsia. 2009 Aug;50 Suppl 7:13-7.
Wirrell EC, Nabbout R, Scheffer IE, et al. Methodology for classification and definition of epilepsy syndromes with list of syndromes: Report of the ILAE Task Force on Nosology and Definitions. Epilepsia 2022; 63:1333.
Rubboli, G., Gardella, E., Cantalupo, G., & Tassinari, C. A. Encephalopathy related to status epilepticus during slow sleep (ESES). Pathophysiological insights and nosological considerations. Epilepsy & Behavior, 2023; 140, 109105.
Arican, P., Gencpinar, P., Dundar, N. O., & Tekgul, H. Electrical status epilepticus during slow-wave sleep (ESES): current perspectives. Journal of Pediatric Neurosciences, 2021;.16(2), 91.
Patry, G., Lyagoubi, S., & Tassinari, C. A. Subclinical electrical status epilepticus induced by sleep in children: a clinical and electroencephalographic study of six cases. Archives of Neurology, 1971; 24(3), 242-252.
Tassinari, C. A., Cantalupo, G., Dalla Bernardina, B., Darra, F., Bureau, M., Cirelli, C., ... & Rubboli, G. Encephalopathy related to status epilepticus during slow sleep (ESES) including Landau-Kleffner syndrome. Epileptic syndromes in infancy, childhood and adolescence, 2012; 255-275.
Engel Jr, J. A proposed diagnostic scheme for people with epileptic seizures and with epilepsy: report of the ILAE Task Force on Classification and Terminology. Epilepsia, 2001; 42(6), 796-803.
Tononi, G., & Cirelli, C. Sleep and the price of plasticity: from synaptic and cellular homeostasis to memory consolidation and integration. Neuron, 2014; 81(1), 12-34.
Guzzetta, F., Battaglia, D., Veredice, C., Donvito, V., Pane, M., Lettori, D., ... & Dravet, C. Early thalamic injury associated with epilepsy and continuous spike–wave during slow sleep. Epilepsia, 2005; 46(6), 889-900.
Tsai M-H, Vears DF, Turner SJ, Smith RL, Berkovic SF, Sadleir LG, et al. Clinical genetic study of the epilepsy-aphasia spectrum. Epilepsia. 2013; 54(2): 280–7.
Lesca G, Møller RS, Rudolf G, Hirsch E, Hjalgrim H, Szepetowski P. Update on the genetics of the epilepsy-aphasia spectrum and role of GRIN2A mutations. Epileptic Disord. 2019; 21(S1): 41–7.
Van Den Munckhof, B., Van Dee, V., Sagi, L., Caraballo, R. H., Veggiotti, P., Liukkonen, E., ... & Jansen, F. E. Treatment of electrical status epilepticus in sleep: a pooled analysis of 575 cases. Epilepsia, 2015; 56(11), 1738-1746.
Öztoprak, Ü., Köken, Ö. Y., Aksoy, E., & Yüksel, D. Spike-wave index assessment and electro-clinical correlation in patients with encephalopathy associated with epileptic state during slow sleep (ESES/CSWS); single-center experience. Epilepsy Research, 2021; 170, 106549.
Sánchez Fernández I, Takeoka M, Tas E, Peters JM, Prabhu SP, Stannard KM, Gregas M, Eksioglu Y, Rotenberg A, Riviello JJ, Kothare SV, Loddenkemper T. Early thalamic lesions in patients with sleep-potentiated epileptiform activity. Neurology. 2012 May 29;78(22):1721-7.
Kramer U, Nevo Y, Neufeld MY, Fatal A, Leitner Y, Harel S. Epidemiology of epilepsy in childhood: a cohort of 440 consecutive patients. Pediatr Neurol. 1998 Jan;18(1):46-50.
Hughes JR. A review of the relationships between Landau-Kleffner syndrome, electrical status epilepticus during sleep, and continuous spike-waves during sleep. Epilepsy Behav. 2011;20:247–53.
RamachandranNair, Rajesh. "Encephalopathy associated with electrical status epilepticus of sleep (ESES): a practical approach." The Indian Journal of Pediatrics 87.12, 2020; 1057-1061.
Singhal, N. S., & Sullivan, J. E. Continuous spike-wave during slow wave sleep and related conditions. International Scholarly Research Notices, 2014.
Sánchez Fernández I, Chapman KE, Peters JM, et al. Continuous Spikes and Waves during Sleep: Electroclinical Presentation and Suggestions for Management. Epilepsy Res Treat 2013; 2013:583531.
Tassinari, C. A., Rubboli, G., Volpi, L., Meletti, S., d'Orsi, G., Franca, M., ... & Michelucci, R. Encephalopathy with electrical status epilepticus during slow sleep or ESES syndrome including the acquired aphasia. Clinical Neurophysiology, 2000; 111, S94-S102.
Riney, K., Bogacz, A., Somerville, E., Hirsch, E., Nabbout, R., Scheffer, I. E., ... & Tinuper, P. International League Against Epilepsy classification and definition of epilepsy syndromes with onset at a variable age: position statement by the ILAE Task Force on Nosology and Definitions. Epilepsia, 2022; 63(6), 1443-1474.
Gardella, Elena, et al. "EEG features in encephalopathy related to status epilepticus during slow sleep." Epileptic Disorders 21, 2019; S22-S30.
Hirsch E, Caraballo R, Bernardina BD, Loddenkemper T, Zuberi SM. Encephalopathy related to Status Epilepticus during slow Sleep: from concepts to terminology. Epileptic Disord 2019;21 (suppl 1):5–12.
Gencpinar, P., Dundar, N. O., & Tekgul, H. Electrical status epilepticus in sleep (ESES)/continuous spikes and waves during slow sleep (CSWS) syndrome in children: an electroclinical evaluation according to the EEG patterns. Epilepsy & Behavior, 61, 2016; 107-111.
Scheltens-de BM. Guidelines for EEG in encephalopathy related to ESES/CSWS in children. Epilepsia. 2009; 50:13–7.
van Arnhem, Marleen ML, et al. "Corticosteroids versus clobazam for treatment of children with epileptic encephalopathy with spike-wave activation in sleep (RESCUE ESES): a multicentre randomised controlled trial." The Lancet Neurology (2023).
Sánchez Fernández I, Loddenkemper T, Peters JM, Kothare SV. Electrical status epilepticus in sleep: clinical presentation and pathophysiology. Pediatr Neurol. 2012 Dec;47(6):390-410.
Rapin I, Katzman R. Neurobiology of autism. Ann Neurol 1998; 43:7.
Sánchez Fernández I, Peters JM, An S, et al. Long-term response to high-dose diazepam treatment in continuous spikes and waves during sleep. Pediatr Neurol 2013; 49:163.
Walker, Matthew C. "Diagnosis and treatment of nonconvulsive status epilepticus." CNS drugs 15 (2001): 931-939.
DeMarco, Pasquale. "Electrical status epilepticus during slow sleep: one case with sensory aphasia." Clinical Electroencephalography 19.2 (1988): 111-113.
Inutsuka, Miki, et al. "Treatment of epilepsy with electrical status epilepticus during slow sleep and its related disorders." Brain and Development 28.5 (2006): 281-286.
Kramer U, Sagi L, Goldberg-Stern H, Zelnik N, Nissenkorn A, Ben-Zeev B. Clinical spectrum and medical treatment of children with electrical status epilepticus in sleep (ESES). Epilepsia. 2009 Jun;50(6):1517-24.
Larsson PG, Bakke KA, Bjørnæs H, Heminghyt E, Rytter E, Brager-Larsen L, Eriksson AS. The effect of levetiracetam on focal nocturnal epileptiform activity during sleep--a placebo-controlled double-blind cross-over study. Epilepsy Behav. 2012 May;24(1):44-8.
Arhan, E., Serdaroglu, A., Aydin, K., Hırfanoglu, T., & Soysal, A. S. Epileptic encephalopathy with electrical status epilepticus: an electroclinical study of 59 patients. Seizure, 2015; 26, 86-93.
Peltola ME, Liukkonen E, Granström ML, et al. The effect of surgery in encephalopathy with electrical status epilepticus during sleep. Epilepsia 2011; 52:602.
Caraballo R, Pavlidis E, Nikanorova M, Loddenkemper T. Encephalopathy with continuous spike-waves during slow-wave sleep: evolution and prognosis. Epileptic Disord 2019;21 (suppl 1):15–21.
Sánchez Fernández I. Peters J.M. Hadjiloizou S. et al. Clinical staging and electroencephalographic evolution of continuous spikes and waves during sleep Epilepsia 53 2012 1185–1195.
Seri S. Thai J.N. Brazzo D. Pisani F. Cerquiglini A. Neurophysiology of CSWS-associated cognitive dysfunction Epilepsia 507, 2009; 33–36.
Veggiotti P, Pera MC, Olivotto S, De Giorgis V. How to Manage Electrical Status Epilepticus in Sleep. J Clin Neurophysiol. 2016 Feb;33(1):3-9.
Landau WM, Kleffner FR. Syndrome of acquired aphasia with convulsive disorder in children. 1957. Neurology. 1998 Nov;51(5):1241, 8 pages following 1241.
Smith MC, Hoeppner TJ. Epileptic encephalopathy of late childhood: Landau-Kleffner syndrome and the syndrome of continuous spikes and waves during slow-wave sleep. J Clin Neurophysiol 2003; 20: 462 – 72.
Landau WM, Kleffner FR. Syndrome of acquired aphasia with convulsive disorder in children. Neurology 1957; 7: 523 – 30.
Kaga M, Inagaki M, Ohta R. Epidemiological study of Landau-Kleffner syndrome (LKS) in Japan. Brain Dev. 2014 Apr;36(4):284-6.
Caraballo RH, Cejas N, Chamorro N et al. Landau-Kleffner syndrome: a study of 29 patients. Seizure 2014; 23: 98 – 104.
Lesca G, Møller RS, Rudolf G, Hirsch E, Hjalgrim H, Szepetowski P. Update on the genetics of the epilepsy-aphasia spectrum and role of GRIN2A mutations. Epileptic Disord. 2019 Jun 01;21(S1):41-47.
Granata T, Cross H, Theodore W, Avanzini G. Immune-mediated epilepsies. Epilepsia. 2011 May;52 Suppl 3(Suppl 3):5-11.
Hughes JR. A review of the relationships between Landau-Kleffner syndrome, electrical status epilepticus during sleep, and continuous spike-waves during sleep. Epilepsy Behav. 2011 Feb;20(2):247-53.
Stefanatos G. Changing perspectives on Landau-Kleffner syndrome. Clin Neuropsychol 2011; 25: 963 – 88.
Landau Kleffner Syndrome. ILAE. https://www.epilepsydiagnosis.org/syndrome/lks-eeg.html.
Robinson, Richard O., et al. "Landau–Kleffner syndrome: course and correlates with outcome." Developmental medicine and child neurology 43.4 (2001): 243-247.
Strehlow V, Heyne HO, Vlaskamp DRM, Marwick KFM, Rudolf G, de Bellescize J, Biskup S, Brilstra EH, Brouwer OF, Callenbach PMC, Hentschel J, Hirsch E, Kind PC, Mignot C, Platzer K, Rump P, Skehel PA, Wyllie DJA, Hardingham GE, van Ravenswaaij-Arts CMA, Lesca G, Lemke JR., GRIN2A study group. GRIN2A-related disorders: genotype and functional consequence predict phenotype. Brain. 2019 Jan 01;142(1):80-92.
Cockerell I, Bølling G, Nakken KO. Landau-Kleffner syndrome in Norway: long-term prognosis and experiences with the health services and educational systems. Epilepsy Behav. 2011 Jun;21(2):153-9.
Sinclair DB, Snyder TJ. Corticosteroids for the treatment of Landau-kleffner syndrome and continuous spike-wave discharge during sleep. Pediatr Neurol. 2005 May;32(5):300-6.
Arts WF, Aarsen FK, Scheltens-de Boer M et al. Landau-Kleffner syndrome and CSWS syndrome: treatment with intravenous immunoglobulins. Epilepsia 2009; 50 (suppl 7): 55 – 8.
Wilson RB, Eliyan Y, Sankar R, Hussain SA. Amantadine: A new treatment for refractory electrical status epilepticus in sleep. Epilepsy Behav. 2018 Jul;84:74-78.
Downes M, Greenaway R, Clark M, Helen Cross J, Jolleff N, Harkness W, Kaliakatsos M, Boyd S, White S, Neville BG. Outcome following multiple subpial transection in Landau-Kleffner syndrome and related regression. Epilepsia. 2015 Nov;56(11):1760-6.
Shimada T, Takemiya T, Sugiura H et al. Role of inflammatory mediators in the pathogenesis of epilepsy. Mediators Inflamm 2014; 2014: 901902.
Doose H. Symptomatology in children with focal sharp waves of genetic origin. Eur J Ped. 1989; 149 210-215.
Aicardi J, Chevrie JJ. Atypical benign partial epilepsy of childhood.Dev Med Child Neural. 1982;24:281292.
Doose, H., and W. K. Baier. "Benign partial epilepsy and related conditions: multifactorial pathogenesis with hereditary impairment of brain maturation." European journal of pediatrics 149.3 (1989): 152-158.
Doose, H., Hahn, A., Neubauer, B. A., Pistohl, J., & Stephani, U. (2001). Atypical “benign” partial epilepsy of childhood or pseudo-lennox syndrome. Part II: family study. Neuropediatrics, 32(01), 9-13.
Hahn, Andreas. "Atypical benign partial epilepsy/pseudo-Lennox syndrome." Epileptic Disorders 2.4 (2001): 11-7.
Hahn, A., et al. "Atypical “benign” partial epilepsy or pseudo-Lennox syndrome. Part I: symptomatology and long-term prognosis." Neuropediatrics 32.01 (2001): 1-8.
Doose H, Ernst J P, Castiglione E, Diebold U. Pseudo-Lennox-Syndrom und verwandte Krankheitsbilder - frontale Epilepsien?. Köhler B Aktuelle Neuropädiatrie. Berlin, Heidelberg, New York; Springer 1992: 96-101.
Referanslar
Zuberi SM, Wirrell E, Yozawitz E, et al. ILAE classification and definition of epilepsy syndromes with onset in neonates and infants: Position statement by the ILAE Task Force on Nosology and Definitions. Epilepsia 2022; 63:1349.
Specchio, Nicola, et al. "International League Against Epilepsy classification and definition of epilepsy syndromes with onset in childhood: Position paper by the ILAE Task Force on Nosology and Definitions." Epilepsia 63.6 (2022): 1398-1442.
Scheltens-de Boer M. Guidelines for EEG in encephalopathy related to ESES/CSWS in children. Epilepsia. 2009 Aug;50 Suppl 7:13-7.
Wirrell EC, Nabbout R, Scheffer IE, et al. Methodology for classification and definition of epilepsy syndromes with list of syndromes: Report of the ILAE Task Force on Nosology and Definitions. Epilepsia 2022; 63:1333.
Rubboli, G., Gardella, E., Cantalupo, G., & Tassinari, C. A. Encephalopathy related to status epilepticus during slow sleep (ESES). Pathophysiological insights and nosological considerations. Epilepsy & Behavior, 2023; 140, 109105.
Arican, P., Gencpinar, P., Dundar, N. O., & Tekgul, H. Electrical status epilepticus during slow-wave sleep (ESES): current perspectives. Journal of Pediatric Neurosciences, 2021;.16(2), 91.
Patry, G., Lyagoubi, S., & Tassinari, C. A. Subclinical electrical status epilepticus induced by sleep in children: a clinical and electroencephalographic study of six cases. Archives of Neurology, 1971; 24(3), 242-252.
Tassinari, C. A., Cantalupo, G., Dalla Bernardina, B., Darra, F., Bureau, M., Cirelli, C., ... & Rubboli, G. Encephalopathy related to status epilepticus during slow sleep (ESES) including Landau-Kleffner syndrome. Epileptic syndromes in infancy, childhood and adolescence, 2012; 255-275.
Engel Jr, J. A proposed diagnostic scheme for people with epileptic seizures and with epilepsy: report of the ILAE Task Force on Classification and Terminology. Epilepsia, 2001; 42(6), 796-803.
Tononi, G., & Cirelli, C. Sleep and the price of plasticity: from synaptic and cellular homeostasis to memory consolidation and integration. Neuron, 2014; 81(1), 12-34.
Guzzetta, F., Battaglia, D., Veredice, C., Donvito, V., Pane, M., Lettori, D., ... & Dravet, C. Early thalamic injury associated with epilepsy and continuous spike–wave during slow sleep. Epilepsia, 2005; 46(6), 889-900.
Tsai M-H, Vears DF, Turner SJ, Smith RL, Berkovic SF, Sadleir LG, et al. Clinical genetic study of the epilepsy-aphasia spectrum. Epilepsia. 2013; 54(2): 280–7.
Lesca G, Møller RS, Rudolf G, Hirsch E, Hjalgrim H, Szepetowski P. Update on the genetics of the epilepsy-aphasia spectrum and role of GRIN2A mutations. Epileptic Disord. 2019; 21(S1): 41–7.
Van Den Munckhof, B., Van Dee, V., Sagi, L., Caraballo, R. H., Veggiotti, P., Liukkonen, E., ... & Jansen, F. E. Treatment of electrical status epilepticus in sleep: a pooled analysis of 575 cases. Epilepsia, 2015; 56(11), 1738-1746.
Öztoprak, Ü., Köken, Ö. Y., Aksoy, E., & Yüksel, D. Spike-wave index assessment and electro-clinical correlation in patients with encephalopathy associated with epileptic state during slow sleep (ESES/CSWS); single-center experience. Epilepsy Research, 2021; 170, 106549.
Sánchez Fernández I, Takeoka M, Tas E, Peters JM, Prabhu SP, Stannard KM, Gregas M, Eksioglu Y, Rotenberg A, Riviello JJ, Kothare SV, Loddenkemper T. Early thalamic lesions in patients with sleep-potentiated epileptiform activity. Neurology. 2012 May 29;78(22):1721-7.
Kramer U, Nevo Y, Neufeld MY, Fatal A, Leitner Y, Harel S. Epidemiology of epilepsy in childhood: a cohort of 440 consecutive patients. Pediatr Neurol. 1998 Jan;18(1):46-50.
Hughes JR. A review of the relationships between Landau-Kleffner syndrome, electrical status epilepticus during sleep, and continuous spike-waves during sleep. Epilepsy Behav. 2011;20:247–53.
RamachandranNair, Rajesh. "Encephalopathy associated with electrical status epilepticus of sleep (ESES): a practical approach." The Indian Journal of Pediatrics 87.12, 2020; 1057-1061.
Singhal, N. S., & Sullivan, J. E. Continuous spike-wave during slow wave sleep and related conditions. International Scholarly Research Notices, 2014.
Sánchez Fernández I, Chapman KE, Peters JM, et al. Continuous Spikes and Waves during Sleep: Electroclinical Presentation and Suggestions for Management. Epilepsy Res Treat 2013; 2013:583531.
Tassinari, C. A., Rubboli, G., Volpi, L., Meletti, S., d'Orsi, G., Franca, M., ... & Michelucci, R. Encephalopathy with electrical status epilepticus during slow sleep or ESES syndrome including the acquired aphasia. Clinical Neurophysiology, 2000; 111, S94-S102.
Riney, K., Bogacz, A., Somerville, E., Hirsch, E., Nabbout, R., Scheffer, I. E., ... & Tinuper, P. International League Against Epilepsy classification and definition of epilepsy syndromes with onset at a variable age: position statement by the ILAE Task Force on Nosology and Definitions. Epilepsia, 2022; 63(6), 1443-1474.
Gardella, Elena, et al. "EEG features in encephalopathy related to status epilepticus during slow sleep." Epileptic Disorders 21, 2019; S22-S30.
Hirsch E, Caraballo R, Bernardina BD, Loddenkemper T, Zuberi SM. Encephalopathy related to Status Epilepticus during slow Sleep: from concepts to terminology. Epileptic Disord 2019;21 (suppl 1):5–12.
Gencpinar, P., Dundar, N. O., & Tekgul, H. Electrical status epilepticus in sleep (ESES)/continuous spikes and waves during slow sleep (CSWS) syndrome in children: an electroclinical evaluation according to the EEG patterns. Epilepsy & Behavior, 61, 2016; 107-111.
Scheltens-de BM. Guidelines for EEG in encephalopathy related to ESES/CSWS in children. Epilepsia. 2009; 50:13–7.
van Arnhem, Marleen ML, et al. "Corticosteroids versus clobazam for treatment of children with epileptic encephalopathy with spike-wave activation in sleep (RESCUE ESES): a multicentre randomised controlled trial." The Lancet Neurology (2023).
Sánchez Fernández I, Loddenkemper T, Peters JM, Kothare SV. Electrical status epilepticus in sleep: clinical presentation and pathophysiology. Pediatr Neurol. 2012 Dec;47(6):390-410.
Rapin I, Katzman R. Neurobiology of autism. Ann Neurol 1998; 43:7.
Sánchez Fernández I, Peters JM, An S, et al. Long-term response to high-dose diazepam treatment in continuous spikes and waves during sleep. Pediatr Neurol 2013; 49:163.
Walker, Matthew C. "Diagnosis and treatment of nonconvulsive status epilepticus." CNS drugs 15 (2001): 931-939.
DeMarco, Pasquale. "Electrical status epilepticus during slow sleep: one case with sensory aphasia." Clinical Electroencephalography 19.2 (1988): 111-113.
Inutsuka, Miki, et al. "Treatment of epilepsy with electrical status epilepticus during slow sleep and its related disorders." Brain and Development 28.5 (2006): 281-286.
Kramer U, Sagi L, Goldberg-Stern H, Zelnik N, Nissenkorn A, Ben-Zeev B. Clinical spectrum and medical treatment of children with electrical status epilepticus in sleep (ESES). Epilepsia. 2009 Jun;50(6):1517-24.
Larsson PG, Bakke KA, Bjørnæs H, Heminghyt E, Rytter E, Brager-Larsen L, Eriksson AS. The effect of levetiracetam on focal nocturnal epileptiform activity during sleep--a placebo-controlled double-blind cross-over study. Epilepsy Behav. 2012 May;24(1):44-8.
Arhan, E., Serdaroglu, A., Aydin, K., Hırfanoglu, T., & Soysal, A. S. Epileptic encephalopathy with electrical status epilepticus: an electroclinical study of 59 patients. Seizure, 2015; 26, 86-93.
Peltola ME, Liukkonen E, Granström ML, et al. The effect of surgery in encephalopathy with electrical status epilepticus during sleep. Epilepsia 2011; 52:602.
Caraballo R, Pavlidis E, Nikanorova M, Loddenkemper T. Encephalopathy with continuous spike-waves during slow-wave sleep: evolution and prognosis. Epileptic Disord 2019;21 (suppl 1):15–21.
Sánchez Fernández I. Peters J.M. Hadjiloizou S. et al. Clinical staging and electroencephalographic evolution of continuous spikes and waves during sleep Epilepsia 53 2012 1185–1195.
Seri S. Thai J.N. Brazzo D. Pisani F. Cerquiglini A. Neurophysiology of CSWS-associated cognitive dysfunction Epilepsia 507, 2009; 33–36.
Veggiotti P, Pera MC, Olivotto S, De Giorgis V. How to Manage Electrical Status Epilepticus in Sleep. J Clin Neurophysiol. 2016 Feb;33(1):3-9.
Landau WM, Kleffner FR. Syndrome of acquired aphasia with convulsive disorder in children. 1957. Neurology. 1998 Nov;51(5):1241, 8 pages following 1241.
Smith MC, Hoeppner TJ. Epileptic encephalopathy of late childhood: Landau-Kleffner syndrome and the syndrome of continuous spikes and waves during slow-wave sleep. J Clin Neurophysiol 2003; 20: 462 – 72.
Landau WM, Kleffner FR. Syndrome of acquired aphasia with convulsive disorder in children. Neurology 1957; 7: 523 – 30.
Kaga M, Inagaki M, Ohta R. Epidemiological study of Landau-Kleffner syndrome (LKS) in Japan. Brain Dev. 2014 Apr;36(4):284-6.
Caraballo RH, Cejas N, Chamorro N et al. Landau-Kleffner syndrome: a study of 29 patients. Seizure 2014; 23: 98 – 104.
Lesca G, Møller RS, Rudolf G, Hirsch E, Hjalgrim H, Szepetowski P. Update on the genetics of the epilepsy-aphasia spectrum and role of GRIN2A mutations. Epileptic Disord. 2019 Jun 01;21(S1):41-47.
Granata T, Cross H, Theodore W, Avanzini G. Immune-mediated epilepsies. Epilepsia. 2011 May;52 Suppl 3(Suppl 3):5-11.
Hughes JR. A review of the relationships between Landau-Kleffner syndrome, electrical status epilepticus during sleep, and continuous spike-waves during sleep. Epilepsy Behav. 2011 Feb;20(2):247-53.
Stefanatos G. Changing perspectives on Landau-Kleffner syndrome. Clin Neuropsychol 2011; 25: 963 – 88.
Landau Kleffner Syndrome. ILAE. https://www.epilepsydiagnosis.org/syndrome/lks-eeg.html.
Robinson, Richard O., et al. "Landau–Kleffner syndrome: course and correlates with outcome." Developmental medicine and child neurology 43.4 (2001): 243-247.
Strehlow V, Heyne HO, Vlaskamp DRM, Marwick KFM, Rudolf G, de Bellescize J, Biskup S, Brilstra EH, Brouwer OF, Callenbach PMC, Hentschel J, Hirsch E, Kind PC, Mignot C, Platzer K, Rump P, Skehel PA, Wyllie DJA, Hardingham GE, van Ravenswaaij-Arts CMA, Lesca G, Lemke JR., GRIN2A study group. GRIN2A-related disorders: genotype and functional consequence predict phenotype. Brain. 2019 Jan 01;142(1):80-92.
Cockerell I, Bølling G, Nakken KO. Landau-Kleffner syndrome in Norway: long-term prognosis and experiences with the health services and educational systems. Epilepsy Behav. 2011 Jun;21(2):153-9.
Sinclair DB, Snyder TJ. Corticosteroids for the treatment of Landau-kleffner syndrome and continuous spike-wave discharge during sleep. Pediatr Neurol. 2005 May;32(5):300-6.
Arts WF, Aarsen FK, Scheltens-de Boer M et al. Landau-Kleffner syndrome and CSWS syndrome: treatment with intravenous immunoglobulins. Epilepsia 2009; 50 (suppl 7): 55 – 8.
Wilson RB, Eliyan Y, Sankar R, Hussain SA. Amantadine: A new treatment for refractory electrical status epilepticus in sleep. Epilepsy Behav. 2018 Jul;84:74-78.
Downes M, Greenaway R, Clark M, Helen Cross J, Jolleff N, Harkness W, Kaliakatsos M, Boyd S, White S, Neville BG. Outcome following multiple subpial transection in Landau-Kleffner syndrome and related regression. Epilepsia. 2015 Nov;56(11):1760-6.
Shimada T, Takemiya T, Sugiura H et al. Role of inflammatory mediators in the pathogenesis of epilepsy. Mediators Inflamm 2014; 2014: 901902.
Doose H. Symptomatology in children with focal sharp waves of genetic origin. Eur J Ped. 1989; 149 210-215.
Aicardi J, Chevrie JJ. Atypical benign partial epilepsy of childhood.Dev Med Child Neural. 1982;24:281292.
Doose, H., and W. K. Baier. "Benign partial epilepsy and related conditions: multifactorial pathogenesis with hereditary impairment of brain maturation." European journal of pediatrics 149.3 (1989): 152-158.
Doose, H., Hahn, A., Neubauer, B. A., Pistohl, J., & Stephani, U. (2001). Atypical “benign” partial epilepsy of childhood or pseudo-lennox syndrome. Part II: family study. Neuropediatrics, 32(01), 9-13.
Hahn, Andreas. "Atypical benign partial epilepsy/pseudo-Lennox syndrome." Epileptic Disorders 2.4 (2001): 11-7.
Hahn, A., et al. "Atypical “benign” partial epilepsy or pseudo-Lennox syndrome. Part I: symptomatology and long-term prognosis." Neuropediatrics 32.01 (2001): 1-8.
Doose H, Ernst J P, Castiglione E, Diebold U. Pseudo-Lennox-Syndrom und verwandte Krankheitsbilder - frontale Epilepsien?. Köhler B Aktuelle Neuropädiatrie. Berlin, Heidelberg, New York; Springer 1992: 96-101.
