Otonomik Nöbetlerle Kendini Sınırlayan Epilepsi (SeLEAS) (Panayiotopoulos Sendromu)
Özet
Otonom nöbetli kendini sınırlayan epilepsi (ONKSE) nöromotor gelişimi normal, beyinde herhangi bir yapısal anormalliği olmayan çocuklarda görülen, iyi huylu bir klinik gidiş gösteren, sıklıkla oksipital başlangıçlı bir fokal epilepsi sendromudur. Geçmişte ‘’erken başlangıçlı iyi huylu oksipital epilepsi’’ olarak isimlendirilen, ‘’Panayiotopoulos sendromu’’ olarak da bilinen ONKSE çocuklarda ikinci en sık görülen iyi huylu fokal epilepsi sendromudur. İyi bir klinik gidiş gösterse de klinik olarak otonomik bulguların ön planda olması, bazen uzun sürebilen nöbetlerin görülmesi sebebiyle tanı, ayıcı tanı ve tedavide farklılıklar görülebilir. Bu bölümde ONKSE detaylı klinik ve laboratuvar özellikleriyle sunulacaktır.
Referanslar
Panayiotopoulos CP. Benign childhood epilepsy with occipital paroxysms: a 15-year prospective study. Ann Neurol. 1989;26(1):51-6.
Specchio N, Wirrell EC, Scheffer IE, et al. International League Against Epilepsy classification and definition of epilepsy syndromes with onset in childhood: Position paper by the ILAE Task Force on Nosology and Definitions. Epilepsia. 2022;63(6):1398-442.
Panayiotopoulos CP. Vomiting as an ictal manifestation of epileptic seizures and syndromes. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 1988;51(11):1448-51.
Fejerman N. [Atypical evolution of benign partial epilepsy in children]. Rev Neurol. 1996;24(135):1415-20.
Fejerman N, Caraballo R, Tenembaum SN. Atypical evolutions of benign localization-related epilepsies in children: are they predictable? Epilepsia. 2000;41(4):380-90.
Ferrie C, Caraballo R, Covanis A, et al. Panayiotopoulos syndrome: a consensus view. Dev Med Child Neurol. 2006;48(3):236-40.
Michael M, Tsatsou K, Ferrie CD. Panayiotopoulos syndrome: an important childhood autonomic epilepsy to be differentiated from occipital epilepsy and acute non-epileptic disorders. Brain Dev. 2010;32(1):4-9.
Specchio N, Trivisano M, Di Ciommo V, et al. Panayiotopoulos syndrome: a clinical, EEG, and neuropsychological study of 93 consecutive patients. Epilepsia. 2010;51(10):2098-107.
Caraballo R, Cersosimo R, Fejerman N. Panayiotopoulos syndrome: a prospective study of 192 patients. Epilepsia. 2007;48(6):1054-61.
Panayiotopoulos CP, Michael M, Sanders S, Valeta T, Koutroumanidis M. Benign childhood focal epilepsies: assessment of established and newly recognized syndromes. Brain. 2008;131(Pt 9):2264-86.
Taylor I, Berkovic SF, Kivity S, Scheffer IE. Benign occipital epilepsies of childhood: clinical features and genetics. Brain. 2008;131(Pt 9):2287-94.
Covanis A, Panayiotopoulos CP. Improving the diagnostic yield in Panayiotopoulos syndrome. Eur J Neurol. 2008;15(4):317-9.
Ferrie CD, Caraballo R, Covanis A, et al. Autonomic status epilepticus in Panayiotopoulos syndrome and other childhood and adult epilepsies: a consensus view. Epilepsia. 2007;48(6):1165-72.
Baumgartner C, Koren J, Britto-Arias M, Schmidt S, Pirker S. Epidemiology and pathophysiology of autonomic seizures: a systematic review. Clin Auton Res. 2019;29(2):137-50.
Sklerov M, Dayan E, Browner N. Functional neuroimaging of the central autonomic network: recent developments and clinical implications. Clin Auton Res. 2019;29(6):555-66.
Livingston JH, Cross JH, McLellan A, Birch R, Zuberi SM. A novel inherited mutation in the voltage sensor region of SCN1A is associated with Panayiotopoulos syndrome in siblings and generalized epilepsy with febrile seizures plus. J Child Neurol. 2009;24(4):503-8.
Grosso S, Orrico A, Galli L, Di Bartolo R, Sorrentino V, Balestri P. SCN1A mutation associated with atypical Panayiotopoulos syndrome. Neurology. 2007;69(6):609-11.
Moseley B, Bateman L, Millichap JJ, Wirrell E, Panayiotopoulos CP. Autonomic epileptic seizures, autonomic effects of seizures, and SUDEP. Epilepsy Behav. 2013;26(3):375-85.
Verrotti A, Sebastiani M, Giordano L, et al. Panayiotopoulos syndrome with convulsive status epilepticus at the onset: a long-term study. Seizure. 2014;23(9):728-31.
Panayiotopoulos CP. Autonomic seizures and autonomic status epilepticus specific to childhood. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 2002;156(9):945.
Ferrie CD, Beaumanoir A, Guerrini R, et al. Early-onset benign occipital seizure susceptibility syndrome. Epilepsia. 1997;38(3):285-93.
Agathonikou A, Koutroumanidis M, Panayiotopoulos CP. Fixation-off-sensitive epilepsy with absences and absence status: video-EEG documentation. Neurology. 1997;48(1):231-4.
Panayiotopoulos CP, Jeavons PM, Harding GF. Occipital spikes during photic stimulation and their relation to visual evoked responses in photosensitive epilepsy. Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol. 1970;29(3):327.
Zontek A, Paprocka J. Gastrointestinal and Autonomic Symptoms-How to Improve the Diagnostic Process in Panayiotopoulos Syndrome? Children (Basel). 2022;9(6).
Koutroumanidis M, Ferrie CD, Valeta T, Sanders S, Michael M, Panayiotopoulos CP. Syncope-like epileptic seizures in Panayiotopoulos syndrome. Neurology. 2012;79(5):463-7.
Covanis A. Panayiotopoulos syndrome: a benign childhood autonomic epilepsy frequently imitating encephalitis, syncope, migraine, sleep disorder, or gastroenteritis. Pediatrics. 2006;118(4):e1237-43.
Caraballo R, Koutroumanidis M, Panayiotopoulos CP, Fejerman N. Idiopathic childhood occipital epilepsy of Gastaut: a review and differentiation from migraine and other epilepsies. J Child Neurol. 2009;24(12):1536-42.
Enoki H, Itamura S, Baba S, Okanishi T, Fujimoto A. Case Report: Four Cases of Panayiotopoulos Syndrome Evolving to Juvenile Myoclonic Epilepsy. Front Neurol. 2020;11:591477.
Garcia C, Rubio G. Efficacy and safety of levetiracetam in the treatment of Panayiotopoulos syndrome. Epilepsy Res. 2009;85(2-3):318-20.
Graziosi A, Pellegrino N, Di Stefano V, Raucci U, Luchetti A, Parisi P. Misdiagnosis and pitfalls in Panayiotopoulos syndrome. Epilepsy Behav. 2019;98(Pt A):124-8.
Referanslar
Panayiotopoulos CP. Benign childhood epilepsy with occipital paroxysms: a 15-year prospective study. Ann Neurol. 1989;26(1):51-6.
Specchio N, Wirrell EC, Scheffer IE, et al. International League Against Epilepsy classification and definition of epilepsy syndromes with onset in childhood: Position paper by the ILAE Task Force on Nosology and Definitions. Epilepsia. 2022;63(6):1398-442.
Panayiotopoulos CP. Vomiting as an ictal manifestation of epileptic seizures and syndromes. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 1988;51(11):1448-51.
Fejerman N. [Atypical evolution of benign partial epilepsy in children]. Rev Neurol. 1996;24(135):1415-20.
Fejerman N, Caraballo R, Tenembaum SN. Atypical evolutions of benign localization-related epilepsies in children: are they predictable? Epilepsia. 2000;41(4):380-90.
Ferrie C, Caraballo R, Covanis A, et al. Panayiotopoulos syndrome: a consensus view. Dev Med Child Neurol. 2006;48(3):236-40.
Michael M, Tsatsou K, Ferrie CD. Panayiotopoulos syndrome: an important childhood autonomic epilepsy to be differentiated from occipital epilepsy and acute non-epileptic disorders. Brain Dev. 2010;32(1):4-9.
Specchio N, Trivisano M, Di Ciommo V, et al. Panayiotopoulos syndrome: a clinical, EEG, and neuropsychological study of 93 consecutive patients. Epilepsia. 2010;51(10):2098-107.
Caraballo R, Cersosimo R, Fejerman N. Panayiotopoulos syndrome: a prospective study of 192 patients. Epilepsia. 2007;48(6):1054-61.
Panayiotopoulos CP, Michael M, Sanders S, Valeta T, Koutroumanidis M. Benign childhood focal epilepsies: assessment of established and newly recognized syndromes. Brain. 2008;131(Pt 9):2264-86.
Taylor I, Berkovic SF, Kivity S, Scheffer IE. Benign occipital epilepsies of childhood: clinical features and genetics. Brain. 2008;131(Pt 9):2287-94.
Covanis A, Panayiotopoulos CP. Improving the diagnostic yield in Panayiotopoulos syndrome. Eur J Neurol. 2008;15(4):317-9.
Ferrie CD, Caraballo R, Covanis A, et al. Autonomic status epilepticus in Panayiotopoulos syndrome and other childhood and adult epilepsies: a consensus view. Epilepsia. 2007;48(6):1165-72.
Baumgartner C, Koren J, Britto-Arias M, Schmidt S, Pirker S. Epidemiology and pathophysiology of autonomic seizures: a systematic review. Clin Auton Res. 2019;29(2):137-50.
Sklerov M, Dayan E, Browner N. Functional neuroimaging of the central autonomic network: recent developments and clinical implications. Clin Auton Res. 2019;29(6):555-66.
Livingston JH, Cross JH, McLellan A, Birch R, Zuberi SM. A novel inherited mutation in the voltage sensor region of SCN1A is associated with Panayiotopoulos syndrome in siblings and generalized epilepsy with febrile seizures plus. J Child Neurol. 2009;24(4):503-8.
Grosso S, Orrico A, Galli L, Di Bartolo R, Sorrentino V, Balestri P. SCN1A mutation associated with atypical Panayiotopoulos syndrome. Neurology. 2007;69(6):609-11.
Moseley B, Bateman L, Millichap JJ, Wirrell E, Panayiotopoulos CP. Autonomic epileptic seizures, autonomic effects of seizures, and SUDEP. Epilepsy Behav. 2013;26(3):375-85.
Verrotti A, Sebastiani M, Giordano L, et al. Panayiotopoulos syndrome with convulsive status epilepticus at the onset: a long-term study. Seizure. 2014;23(9):728-31.
Panayiotopoulos CP. Autonomic seizures and autonomic status epilepticus specific to childhood. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 2002;156(9):945.
Ferrie CD, Beaumanoir A, Guerrini R, et al. Early-onset benign occipital seizure susceptibility syndrome. Epilepsia. 1997;38(3):285-93.
Agathonikou A, Koutroumanidis M, Panayiotopoulos CP. Fixation-off-sensitive epilepsy with absences and absence status: video-EEG documentation. Neurology. 1997;48(1):231-4.
Panayiotopoulos CP, Jeavons PM, Harding GF. Occipital spikes during photic stimulation and their relation to visual evoked responses in photosensitive epilepsy. Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol. 1970;29(3):327.
Zontek A, Paprocka J. Gastrointestinal and Autonomic Symptoms-How to Improve the Diagnostic Process in Panayiotopoulos Syndrome? Children (Basel). 2022;9(6).
Koutroumanidis M, Ferrie CD, Valeta T, Sanders S, Michael M, Panayiotopoulos CP. Syncope-like epileptic seizures in Panayiotopoulos syndrome. Neurology. 2012;79(5):463-7.
Covanis A. Panayiotopoulos syndrome: a benign childhood autonomic epilepsy frequently imitating encephalitis, syncope, migraine, sleep disorder, or gastroenteritis. Pediatrics. 2006;118(4):e1237-43.
Caraballo R, Koutroumanidis M, Panayiotopoulos CP, Fejerman N. Idiopathic childhood occipital epilepsy of Gastaut: a review and differentiation from migraine and other epilepsies. J Child Neurol. 2009;24(12):1536-42.
Enoki H, Itamura S, Baba S, Okanishi T, Fujimoto A. Case Report: Four Cases of Panayiotopoulos Syndrome Evolving to Juvenile Myoclonic Epilepsy. Front Neurol. 2020;11:591477.
Garcia C, Rubio G. Efficacy and safety of levetiracetam in the treatment of Panayiotopoulos syndrome. Epilepsy Res. 2009;85(2-3):318-20.
Graziosi A, Pellegrino N, Di Stefano V, Raucci U, Luchetti A, Parisi P. Misdiagnosis and pitfalls in Panayiotopoulos syndrome. Epilepsy Behav. 2019;98(Pt A):124-8.
