Sitrat Dışı Antikoagülasyon

Tolwani A. Continuous renal-replacement therapy for acute kidney injury. The New England journal of medicine 2013;368(12):1160-1.

Baldwin I, Jones D, Carty P, Fealy N. Continuous renal replacement therapy without anticoagulation: Top ten tips to prevent clotting. Blood purification 2020;49(4):490-5.

Uchino S, Fealy N, Baldwin I, Morimatsu H, Bellomo R. Continuous venovenous hemofiltration without anticoagulation. Asaio Journal 2004;50(1):76-80.

Barry R, James MT. Guidelines for classification of acute kidney diseases and disorders. Nephron 2015;131(4): 221-6.

Tan H.K, Baldwın I, Bellomo R. Continuous veno-venous hemofiltration without anticoagulation in high-risk patients. Intensive care medicine 2000;26(11):1652-7.

Fealy N, Aitken L, du Toit E, Lo S, Baldwin I. Faster blood flow rate does not improve circuit life in continuous renal replacement therapy: a randomized controlled trial. Critical care medicine 2017;45(10):e1018-e1025.

Joannidis M, Oudemans-van Straaten HM. Clinical review: Patency of the circuit in continuous renal replacement therapy. Crit Care 2007;11:218.

Karkar A, Ronco C. Prescription of CRRT: a pathway to optimize therapy. Annals of intensive care 2020;10(1):1-10.

Krouzecky A, Chvojka J, Sykora R, et al. Regional cooling of the extracorporeal blood circuit: a novel anticoagulation approach for renal replacement therapy? Intensive Care Med 2009;35:364.

Bagshaw SM, Davenport A. Cooling and reduced risk of clotting within the extracorporeal continuous renal replacement circuit. Intensive Care Med 2009;35:195-7

De Waele JJ, Van Cauwenberghe S, Hoste E, Benoit D, Colardyn F. The use of the activated clotting time for monitoring heparin therapy in critically ill patients. Intensive care medicine 2003;29(2):325-8.

Cohen JR, Sarfati I, Birnbaum E, Benacquista T, Wise L. The inactivation of antithrombin III by serum elastase in patients with surgical infections. Am Surg 1990;56:665-7.

Jordan RE, Nelson RM, Kilpatrick MJ, Newgren JO, Esmon PC, Fournel MA. Antithrombin inactivation by neutrophil elastase requires heparin. Am J Med 1989;87:19-22

Hochart H, Jenkins VP, Preston RJ, Smith OP, White B, O’Donnell J. Concentration-dependent roles for heparin in modifying lipopolysaccharide-induced activation of mononuclear cells in whole blood. Thromb Haemost 2008;99:570-5

Gebska MA, Titley I, Paterson HF et al. High-affinity binding sites for heparin generated on leukocytes during apoptosis arise from nuclear structures segregated during cell death. Blood The Journal of the American Society of Hematology 2002;99:2221-7

Leitienne P, Fouque D, Rigal D, Adeleine P, Trzeciak MC, Laville M. Heparins and blood polymorphonuclear stimulation in haemodialysis: an expansion of the biocompatibility concept. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2000;15:1631-7.

Van de Wetering J, Westendorp RG, Van der Hoeven JG, Stolk B, Feuth JD, Chang PC. Heparin use in continuous renal replacement procedures: the struggle between filter coagulation and patient hemorrhage. J Am Soc Nephrol 1996;7:145-150.

Martin PY, Chevrolet JC, Suter P, Favre H. Anticoagulation in patients treated by continuous venovenous hemofiltration: a retrospective study. Am J Kidney Dis 1994;24:806-12.

Cohen JR, Sarfati I, Birnbaum E, Benacquista T, Wise L. The inactivation of antithrombin III by serum elastase in patients with surgical infections. Am Surg 1990;56:665-7.

Gritters M, Borgdorff P, Grooteman MP et al. Platelet activation in clinical haemodialysis: LMWH as a major contributor to bio-incompatibility? Nephrol Dial Transplant 2008;23:2911-7

Monchi M, Berghmans D, Ledoux D, Canivet JL, Dubois B, Damas P. Citrate vs. heparin for anticoagulation in continuous venovenous hemofiltration: a prospective randomized study. Intensive care medicine 2004;30(2):260-5.

Betjes MG, van Oosterom D, van Agteren M, van de Wetering J. Regional citrate versus heparin anticoagulation during venovenous hemofiltration in patients at low risk for bleeding: similar hemofilter survival but significantly less bleeding. Journal of nephrology 2007;20(5):602-8.

Verma AK, Levine M, Shalansky SJ, Carter CJ, Kelton JG. Frequency of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia in critical care patients. Pharmacotherapy 2003;23:745-53.

Greinacher A, Alban S, Omer-Adam MA, Weitschies W, Warkentin TE. Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia: a stoichiometry-based model to explain the differing immunogenicities of unfractionated heparin, low-molecular-weight heparin, and fondaparinux in different clinical settings. Thrombosis research, 2008;122(2):211-20.

Van der Voort PH, Gerritsen RT, Kuiper MA, Egbers PH, Kingma WP, Boerma EC. Filter run time in CVVH: pre- versus post-dilution and Van der nadroparin versus regional heparin-protamine anticoagulation. Blood Purif 2005;23:175-80.

Reeves JH, Cumming AR, Gallagher L, O'Brien JL, Santamaria JD. A controlled trial of low-molecular weight heparin (dalteparin) versus unfractionated heparin as anticoagulant during continuous venovenous hemodialysis with filtration. Crit Care Med 1999;27:2224-8.

Van der Voort PH, Gerritsen RT, Kuiper MA, Egbers PH, Kingma WP, Boerma EC. Filter run time in CVVH: pre- versus post-dilution and nadroparin versus regional heparin-protamine anticoagulation. Blood Purif 2005;23:175-80.

Morabito S, Guzzo I, Solazzo A, Muzi L, Luciani R, Pierucci A. Continuous renal replacement therapies, anticoagulation in the critically ill at high risk of bleeding. J Nephrol 2003;16:566-71

Biancofiore G, Esposito M, Bindi L et al. Regional filter heparinization for continuous veno-venous hemofiltration in liver transplant recipients. Minerva Anestesiol 2003;69:527-38.

Tolwani AJ, Wille, KM. The clinical application of CRRT-current status: anticoagulation for continuous renal replacement therapy. In: Seminars in dialysis. Oxford, UK: Blackwell Publishing Ltd, 2009:141-145.

Lindhoff-Last E, Betz C, Bauersachs R: Use of a low-molecularweight heparinoid (danaparoid sodium) for continuous renal replacement therapy in intensive care patients. Clin Appl Thromb Hemost 2001;7:300-4.

Fischer KG, van de Loo A, Bohler J: Recombinant hirudin (lepirudin) as anticoagulant in intensive care patients treated with continuous hemodialysis. Kidney Int 1999;56:46-50.

Hein OV, von Heymann C, Lipps M et al. Hirudin versus heparin for anticoagulation in continuous renal replacement therapy. Intensive Care Med 2001;27:673-9.

Kern H, Ziemer S, Kox WJ: Bleeding after intermittent or continuous r-hirudin during CVVH. Intensive Care Med 1999;25:1311-4.

Reddy BV, Grossman EJ, Trevino SA, Hursting MJ, Murray PT. Argatroban anticoagulation in patients with heparin-induced thrombocytopenia requiring renal replacement therapy. Ann Pharmacother 2005;39:1601-5.

Tang IY, Cox DS, Patel K et al. Argatroban and renal replacement therapy in patients with heparin-induced thrombocytopenia. Ann Pharmacother 2005;39:231-6.

Langenecker SA, Felfernig M, Werba A, Mueller CM, Chiari A, Zimpfer M. Anticoagulation with prostacyclin and heparin during continuous venovenous hemofiltration. Crit Care Med 1994;22:1774-81.

Inagaki O, Nishian Y, Iwaki R, Nakagawa K, Takamitsu Y, Fujita Y. Adsorption of nafamostat mesilate by hemodialysis membranes. Artif Organs 1992;16:553-8.

Tolwani A. Continuous renal-replacement therapy for acute kidney injury. The New England journal of medicine 2013;368(12):1160-1.

Baldwin I, Jones D, Carty P, Fealy N. Continuous renal replacement therapy without anticoagulation: Top ten tips to prevent clotting. Blood purification 2020;49(4):490-5.

Uchino S, Fealy N, Baldwin I, Morimatsu H, Bellomo R. Continuous venovenous hemofiltration without anticoagulation. Asaio Journal 2004;50(1):76-80.

Barry R, James MT. Guidelines for classification of acute kidney diseases and disorders. Nephron 2015;131(4): 221-6.

Tan H.K, Baldwın I, Bellomo R. Continuous veno-venous hemofiltration without anticoagulation in high-risk patients. Intensive care medicine 2000;26(11):1652-7.

Fealy N, Aitken L, du Toit E, Lo S, Baldwin I. Faster blood flow rate does not improve circuit life in continuous renal replacement therapy: a randomized controlled trial. Critical care medicine 2017;45(10):e1018-e1025.

Joannidis M, Oudemans-van Straaten HM. Clinical review: Patency of the circuit in continuous renal replacement therapy. Crit Care 2007;11:218.

Karkar A, Ronco C. Prescription of CRRT: a pathway to optimize therapy. Annals of intensive care 2020;10(1):1-10.

Krouzecky A, Chvojka J, Sykora R, et al. Regional cooling of the extracorporeal blood circuit: a novel anticoagulation approach for renal replacement therapy? Intensive Care Med 2009;35:364.

Bagshaw SM, Davenport A. Cooling and reduced risk of clotting within the extracorporeal continuous renal replacement circuit. Intensive Care Med 2009;35:195-7

De Waele JJ, Van Cauwenberghe S, Hoste E, Benoit D, Colardyn F. The use of the activated clotting time for monitoring heparin therapy in critically ill patients. Intensive care medicine 2003;29(2):325-8.

Cohen JR, Sarfati I, Birnbaum E, Benacquista T, Wise L. The inactivation of antithrombin III by serum elastase in patients with surgical infections. Am Surg 1990;56:665-7.

Jordan RE, Nelson RM, Kilpatrick MJ, Newgren JO, Esmon PC, Fournel MA. Antithrombin inactivation by neutrophil elastase requires heparin. Am J Med 1989;87:19-22

Hochart H, Jenkins VP, Preston RJ, Smith OP, White B, O’Donnell J. Concentration-dependent roles for heparin in modifying lipopolysaccharide-induced activation of mononuclear cells in whole blood. Thromb Haemost 2008;99:570-5

Gebska MA, Titley I, Paterson HF et al. High-affinity binding sites for heparin generated on leukocytes during apoptosis arise from nuclear structures segregated during cell death. Blood The Journal of the American Society of Hematology 2002;99:2221-7

Leitienne P, Fouque D, Rigal D, Adeleine P, Trzeciak MC, Laville M. Heparins and blood polymorphonuclear stimulation in haemodialysis: an expansion of the biocompatibility concept. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2000;15:1631-7.

Van de Wetering J, Westendorp RG, Van der Hoeven JG, Stolk B, Feuth JD, Chang PC. Heparin use in continuous renal replacement procedures: the struggle between filter coagulation and patient hemorrhage. J Am Soc Nephrol 1996;7:145-150.

Martin PY, Chevrolet JC, Suter P, Favre H. Anticoagulation in patients treated by continuous venovenous hemofiltration: a retrospective study. Am J Kidney Dis 1994;24:806-12.

Cohen JR, Sarfati I, Birnbaum E, Benacquista T, Wise L. The inactivation of antithrombin III by serum elastase in patients with surgical infections. Am Surg 1990;56:665-7.

Gritters M, Borgdorff P, Grooteman MP et al. Platelet activation in clinical haemodialysis: LMWH as a major contributor to bio-incompatibility? Nephrol Dial Transplant 2008;23:2911-7

Monchi M, Berghmans D, Ledoux D, Canivet JL, Dubois B, Damas P. Citrate vs. heparin for anticoagulation in continuous venovenous hemofiltration: a prospective randomized study. Intensive care medicine 2004;30(2):260-5.

Betjes MG, van Oosterom D, van Agteren M, van de Wetering J. Regional citrate versus heparin anticoagulation during venovenous hemofiltration in patients at low risk for bleeding: similar hemofilter survival but significantly less bleeding. Journal of nephrology 2007;20(5):602-8.

Verma AK, Levine M, Shalansky SJ, Carter CJ, Kelton JG. Frequency of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia in critical care patients. Pharmacotherapy 2003;23:745-53.

Greinacher A, Alban S, Omer-Adam MA, Weitschies W, Warkentin TE. Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia: a stoichiometry-based model to explain the differing immunogenicities of unfractionated heparin, low-molecular-weight heparin, and fondaparinux in different clinical settings. Thrombosis research, 2008;122(2):211-20.

Van der Voort PH, Gerritsen RT, Kuiper MA, Egbers PH, Kingma WP, Boerma EC. Filter run time in CVVH: pre- versus post-dilution and Van der nadroparin versus regional heparin-protamine anticoagulation. Blood Purif 2005;23:175-80.

Reeves JH, Cumming AR, Gallagher L, O'Brien JL, Santamaria JD. A controlled trial of low-molecular weight heparin (dalteparin) versus unfractionated heparin as anticoagulant during continuous venovenous hemodialysis with filtration. Crit Care Med 1999;27:2224-8.

Van der Voort PH, Gerritsen RT, Kuiper MA, Egbers PH, Kingma WP, Boerma EC. Filter run time in CVVH: pre- versus post-dilution and nadroparin versus regional heparin-protamine anticoagulation. Blood Purif 2005;23:175-80.

Morabito S, Guzzo I, Solazzo A, Muzi L, Luciani R, Pierucci A. Continuous renal replacement therapies, anticoagulation in the critically ill at high risk of bleeding. J Nephrol 2003;16:566-71

Biancofiore G, Esposito M, Bindi L et al. Regional filter heparinization for continuous veno-venous hemofiltration in liver transplant recipients. Minerva Anestesiol 2003;69:527-38.

Tolwani AJ, Wille, KM. The clinical application of CRRT-current status: anticoagulation for continuous renal replacement therapy. In: Seminars in dialysis. Oxford, UK: Blackwell Publishing Ltd, 2009:141-145.

Lindhoff-Last E, Betz C, Bauersachs R: Use of a low-molecularweight heparinoid (danaparoid sodium) for continuous renal replacement therapy in intensive care patients. Clin Appl Thromb Hemost 2001;7:300-4.

Fischer KG, van de Loo A, Bohler J: Recombinant hirudin (lepirudin) as anticoagulant in intensive care patients treated with continuous hemodialysis. Kidney Int 1999;56:46-50.

Hein OV, von Heymann C, Lipps M et al. Hirudin versus heparin for anticoagulation in continuous renal replacement therapy. Intensive Care Med 2001;27:673-9.

Kern H, Ziemer S, Kox WJ: Bleeding after intermittent or continuous r-hirudin during CVVH. Intensive Care Med 1999;25:1311-4.

Reddy BV, Grossman EJ, Trevino SA, Hursting MJ, Murray PT. Argatroban anticoagulation in patients with heparin-induced thrombocytopenia requiring renal replacement therapy. Ann Pharmacother 2005;39:1601-5.

Tang IY, Cox DS, Patel K et al. Argatroban and renal replacement therapy in patients with heparin-induced thrombocytopenia. Ann Pharmacother 2005;39:231-6.

Langenecker SA, Felfernig M, Werba A, Mueller CM, Chiari A, Zimpfer M. Anticoagulation with prostacyclin and heparin during continuous venovenous hemofiltration. Crit Care Med 1994;22:1774-81.

Inagaki O, Nishian Y, Iwaki R, Nakagawa K, Takamitsu Y, Fujita Y. Adsorption of nafamostat mesilate by hemodialysis membranes. Artif Organs 1992;16:553-8.