On Dokuzuncu Yüzyıl Macera Romanlarında İmparatorluk, Britanyalılık Ve Milli Kimlik: Mercan Adası (1857) ve Define Adası (1883)
Özet
Çocuk edebiyatı eserlerini ve/veya türlerini üretildikleri dönemin toplumsal, tarihsel, ekonomik, siyasi ve ideolojik bağlamından bağımsız okumak mümkün değildir. Benzer şekilde, on dokuzuncu yüzyılda özellikle erkek çocuklara hitap eden macera romanları dönemin ruhuyla ilişkili olarak Britanya imparatorluğunu yüceltmiş ve onun emperyalist politikalarına hizmet edecek şekilde kurgulanmıştır. Bu bağlamda bu çalışma, on dokuzuncu yüzyıl macera romanlarını ideolojik anlatılar olarak ele alır ve R. M. Ballantyne’ın Mercan Adası ve R. L. Stevenson’ın Define Adası romanlarını imparatorluk, Britanyalılık ve milli kimlik yaratımı hususunda inceler.
Referanslar
Anderson, Benedict. Hayali Cemaatler: Milliyetçiliğin Kökenleri ve Yayılması. Çev. İskender Savaşır, Metis, 2023.
Arnold, Guy. Held Fast for England. G. A. Henty, Imperialist Boys' Writer. Hamish Hamilton, 1980.
Ballantyne, R. M. The Coral Island. Puffin, 1987.
Bratton, J. S. The Impact of Victorian Children’s Fiction. Croom Helm, 1981.
Bristow, Joseph. Empire Boys: Adventures in a Man's World. Harper Collins, 1991.
Butts, Dennis. “Shaping Boyhood: British Empire Builders and Adventures.” International Companion Encyclopedia of Children’s Literature, ed. Peter Hunt, Routledge, 2004, ss. 340-51.
Cheng, Chu-Chueh. "Imperial Cartography and Victorian Literature: Charting the Wishes and Anguish of an Island- Empire." Culture, Theory & Critique, cilt. 43, sayı. 1, 2002, ss. 1-16.
Deane, Bradley. “Imperial Boyhood: Piracy and the Play Ethic.” Victorian Studies, cilt. 53, sayı. 4, 2011, ss. 689-714.
Eldridge, Colin Clifford. The Imperial Experience. From Carlyle to Forster. Macmillan, 1996.
Elleray, Michelle. "Little Builders: Coral Insects, Missionary Culture, and the Victorian Child." Victorian Literature and Culture, cilt. 39, sayı. 1, 2011, ss. 223-238.
Gifford, D., Dunnigan, S., ve A. MacGillivray. Scottish Literature. Edinburgh UP, 2002.
Golding, William. The Hot Gates and Other Occasional Pieces, Faber & Faber, 1965.
Grenby, M. O. Children's Literature. Edinburgh UP, 2008.
Hannabuss, Stuart. “Castaway Themes in Children’s Books.” New Review of Children's Literature & Lib, cilt. 6, sayı. 1, 2000, ss. 1-16.
Honaker, Lisa. “One Man to Rely on: Long John Silver and the Shifting Character of Victorian Boys' Fiction.” Journal of Narrative Theory, cilt. 24, sayı. 1, 2004, ss. 27-53.
Hourihan, Margery. Deconstructing the Hero: Literary Theory and Children’s Literature. Routledge, 1997.
Hunt, Peter ve Karen Sands. “The View from the Center: British Empire and Post-Empire Children’s Literature.” Voices of the Other: Children’s Literature and the Postcolonial Context, ed. Roderick McGillis, Routledge, 2000, ss. 39-53.
İçöz, Nursel. “The Coral Island, a Children’s Classic, as an Imperialist Text.” Edebiyat Fakültesi Dergisi, cilt. 24, sayı. 1, 2007, ss. 107-119.
Knowles, Murray. “Empire and School: Nineteenth-Century Boys’ Books and What is in Them?” New Review of Children's Literature and Librarianship, cilt. 12, sayı. 1, 2006, ss. 67-82.
Kutzer, M. Daphne. Empire’s Children: Empire and Imperialism in Classic British Children’s Books. Garland, 2000.
Lazu, Jacqueline. "National Identity. Where the Wild, Strange and Exotic Things Are: In Search of the Caribbean in Contemporary Children's Literature.” Children's Literature: New Approaches, ed. Karin Lesnik-Oberstein, Palgrave Macmillan, 2004, ss. 189-205
McCulloch, Fiona. Children's Literature in Context. Continuum, 2011.
Nodelman, Perry. The Hidden Adult: Defining Children’s Literature. The Johns Hopkins University Press, 2008.
Pocock, Tom. "Horatio Nelson". Encyclopedia Britannica, 30 Haziran 2023, https://www.britannica.com/biography/Horatio-Nelson. Erişim tarihi: 31 Ağustos 2023.
Rediker, Markus Buford. Villains of All Nations: Atlantic Piracy in the Golden Age. Beacon, 2004.
Reynolds, Kimberley. Children’s Literature in the 1890s and the 1990s. Northcote House, 1994.
Rose, Jacqueline. The Case of Peter Pan, or the Impossibility of Children's Fiction. Macmillan, 1984.
Ryan, J. S. The Two Pincher Martins: From Survival Adventure to Golding's Myth of Dying.” English Studies, cilt. 55, sayı. 2, 1974, ss. 140-151.
Spivak, Gayatri C. "Three Women's Texts and a Critique of Imperialism." Postcolonial Criticism, ed. Bart Moore-Gilbert ve Gareth Stanton, Longman, 1997, ss: 145-165.
Stevenson, Robert Louis. Treasure Island. Literart, 2015.
Thacker, Deborah. "Victorianism, Empire and the Paternal Voice." Introducing Children's Literature from Romanticism to Postmodernism. Routledge, 2002, ss. 41-55.
Referanslar
Anderson, Benedict. Hayali Cemaatler: Milliyetçiliğin Kökenleri ve Yayılması. Çev. İskender Savaşır, Metis, 2023.
Arnold, Guy. Held Fast for England. G. A. Henty, Imperialist Boys' Writer. Hamish Hamilton, 1980.
Ballantyne, R. M. The Coral Island. Puffin, 1987.
Bratton, J. S. The Impact of Victorian Children’s Fiction. Croom Helm, 1981.
Bristow, Joseph. Empire Boys: Adventures in a Man's World. Harper Collins, 1991.
Butts, Dennis. “Shaping Boyhood: British Empire Builders and Adventures.” International Companion Encyclopedia of Children’s Literature, ed. Peter Hunt, Routledge, 2004, ss. 340-51.
Cheng, Chu-Chueh. "Imperial Cartography and Victorian Literature: Charting the Wishes and Anguish of an Island- Empire." Culture, Theory & Critique, cilt. 43, sayı. 1, 2002, ss. 1-16.
Deane, Bradley. “Imperial Boyhood: Piracy and the Play Ethic.” Victorian Studies, cilt. 53, sayı. 4, 2011, ss. 689-714.
Eldridge, Colin Clifford. The Imperial Experience. From Carlyle to Forster. Macmillan, 1996.
Elleray, Michelle. "Little Builders: Coral Insects, Missionary Culture, and the Victorian Child." Victorian Literature and Culture, cilt. 39, sayı. 1, 2011, ss. 223-238.
Gifford, D., Dunnigan, S., ve A. MacGillivray. Scottish Literature. Edinburgh UP, 2002.
Golding, William. The Hot Gates and Other Occasional Pieces, Faber & Faber, 1965.
Grenby, M. O. Children's Literature. Edinburgh UP, 2008.
Hannabuss, Stuart. “Castaway Themes in Children’s Books.” New Review of Children's Literature & Lib, cilt. 6, sayı. 1, 2000, ss. 1-16.
Honaker, Lisa. “One Man to Rely on: Long John Silver and the Shifting Character of Victorian Boys' Fiction.” Journal of Narrative Theory, cilt. 24, sayı. 1, 2004, ss. 27-53.
Hourihan, Margery. Deconstructing the Hero: Literary Theory and Children’s Literature. Routledge, 1997.
Hunt, Peter ve Karen Sands. “The View from the Center: British Empire and Post-Empire Children’s Literature.” Voices of the Other: Children’s Literature and the Postcolonial Context, ed. Roderick McGillis, Routledge, 2000, ss. 39-53.
İçöz, Nursel. “The Coral Island, a Children’s Classic, as an Imperialist Text.” Edebiyat Fakültesi Dergisi, cilt. 24, sayı. 1, 2007, ss. 107-119.
Knowles, Murray. “Empire and School: Nineteenth-Century Boys’ Books and What is in Them?” New Review of Children's Literature and Librarianship, cilt. 12, sayı. 1, 2006, ss. 67-82.
Kutzer, M. Daphne. Empire’s Children: Empire and Imperialism in Classic British Children’s Books. Garland, 2000.
Lazu, Jacqueline. "National Identity. Where the Wild, Strange and Exotic Things Are: In Search of the Caribbean in Contemporary Children's Literature.” Children's Literature: New Approaches, ed. Karin Lesnik-Oberstein, Palgrave Macmillan, 2004, ss. 189-205
McCulloch, Fiona. Children's Literature in Context. Continuum, 2011.
Nodelman, Perry. The Hidden Adult: Defining Children’s Literature. The Johns Hopkins University Press, 2008.
Pocock, Tom. "Horatio Nelson". Encyclopedia Britannica, 30 Haziran 2023, https://www.britannica.com/biography/Horatio-Nelson. Erişim tarihi: 31 Ağustos 2023.
Rediker, Markus Buford. Villains of All Nations: Atlantic Piracy in the Golden Age. Beacon, 2004.
Reynolds, Kimberley. Children’s Literature in the 1890s and the 1990s. Northcote House, 1994.
Rose, Jacqueline. The Case of Peter Pan, or the Impossibility of Children's Fiction. Macmillan, 1984.
Ryan, J. S. The Two Pincher Martins: From Survival Adventure to Golding's Myth of Dying.” English Studies, cilt. 55, sayı. 2, 1974, ss. 140-151.
Spivak, Gayatri C. "Three Women's Texts and a Critique of Imperialism." Postcolonial Criticism, ed. Bart Moore-Gilbert ve Gareth Stanton, Longman, 1997, ss: 145-165.
Stevenson, Robert Louis. Treasure Island. Literart, 2015.
Thacker, Deborah. "Victorianism, Empire and the Paternal Voice." Introducing Children's Literature from Romanticism to Postmodernism. Routledge, 2002, ss. 41-55.
