Göz Hastalıkları Farmakolojisi

Goss CM. The Organs of the Senses, 29th ed. Philadelphia: Lea & Febiger, 1973.

Novack GD. Ophthalmic drug delivery: development and regulatory considerations. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2009;85:539–543.

Blaschke TF, Osterberg L, Vrijens B, Urquhart J. Adherence tomedications: insights arising from studies on the unreliable linkbetween prescribed and actual drug dosing histories. Annu RevPharmacol Toxicol. 2011;52:275–301

Stone JL, Robin AL, Novack GD, Covert D, Cagle GD. And Objective evaluation of eye-drop instillation in glaucoma patients.Arch Ophthalmol. 2009;127:732–736.

Edman P. Biopharmaceutics of Ocular Drug Delivery (Pharmacology and Toxicology). Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press; 1993.

Sleath B, Blalock SJ, Carpenter DM, et al. Ophthalmologist-patientcommunication, self-efficacy, and glaucoma medication adherence. Ophthalmology. 2015; 122:748–754.

Baudouin C, Labbe A, Liang H, Pauly A, Brignole-Baudouin F. Preservatives in eyedrops: the good, the bad and the ugly. ProgRetin Eye Res. 2010; 29:312–334.

Brown RH, Novack GD. General principles of ophthalmic medi-cations. In: Morrison J, Pollack I, eds. Glaucoma: Science andPractice. New York: Thieme Publishing Company, 2002;354–362.

Covert D, Robin AL, Novack GD. Systemic medications andglaucoma patients (letter). Ophthalmology. 2005; 112:1849–1853.

Zhang T, Xiang CD, Gale D, Carreiro S, Wu EY, Zhang EY. Drugtransporter and cytochrome P450 mRNA expression in humanocular barriers: implications for ocular drug disposition. DrugMetab Dispos. 2008; 36:1300–1307.

Kraft ME, Glaeser H, Mandery K, et al. The prostaglandintransporter OATP2A1 is expressed in human ocular tissues andtransports the antiglaucoma prostanoid latanoprost. Invest Oph-thalmol Vis Sci. 2010;51: 2504–2511.

Van Buskirk EM. Adverse reactions from timolol administration. Ophthalmology. 1980; 87:447–450.

Nordlund JR, Pasquale LR, Robin AL, et al. The cardiovascular, pulmonary, and ocular hypotensive effects of 0,2% brimonidine. Arch Ophthalmol. 1995; 113:77–83.

Streilein JW. Ocular immune privilege: therapeutic opportunitiesfrom an experiment of nature. Nat Rev Immunol. 2003; 3:879–889.

Novack GD. Pipeline: thoughts generated by the Annual Meeting of the American Society of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics.Ocul Surf. 2004; 2:212–214.

Perlee LT, Bansal AT, Gehrs K, et al. Inclusion of genotype withfundus phenotype improves accuracy of predicting choroidalneovascularization and geographic atrophy. Ophthalmology.2013; 120:1880–1892.

Fauser S, Lambrou GN. Genetic predictive biomarkers of anti-VEGF treatment response in patients with neovascular age-relatedmacular degeneration. Surv Ophthalmol. 2015; 60:138–152.

Ciulla TA, Starr MB, Masket S. Bacterial endophthalmitisprophylaxis for cataract surgery: an evidence-based update. Ophthalmology. 2002; 109:13–24.

Group EES. Prophylaxis of postoperative endophthalmitis follow-ing cataract surgery: results of the ESCRS multicenter study andidentification of risk factors. J Cataract Refract Surg. 2007; 33:978–988.

Shorstein NH, Winthrop KL, Herrinton LJ. Decreased postopera-tive endophthalmitis rate after institution of intracameral antibioticsin a Northern California eye department. J Cataract Refract Surg.2013;39:8–14.

Packer M, Chang DF, Dewey SH, et al. Prevention, diagnosis, andmanagement of acute postoperative bacterial endophthalmitis. J Cataract Refract Surg. 2011; 37:1699–1714.

Buehler PO, Schein OD, Stamler JF, Verdier DD, Katz J. Theincreased risk of ulcerative keratitis among disposable soft contactlens users. Arch Ophthalmol. 1992; 110:1555–1558.

Bullock JD, Warwar RE, Elder BL, Northern WI. Temperatureinstability of ReNu With MoistureLoc: a new theory to explain theworldwideFusariumkeratitis epidemic of 2004-2006.ArchOphthalmol. 2008; 126:1493–1498.

Martin DF, Parks DJ, Mellow SD, et al. Treatment of cytomegalo-virus retinitis with an intraocular sustained-release ganciclovirimplant. Arch Ophthalmol. 1994; 112:1531–1539

Musch DC, Martin DF, Gordon JF, Davis MD, Kuppermann BD. Treatment of cytomegalovirus retinitis with a sustained-releaseganciclovir implant. The Ganciclovir Implant Study Group.N EnglJ Med. 1997; 337:83–90.

Group TVS. A randomized controlled clinical trial of intravitreousfomivirsen for treatment of newly diagnosed peripheral cytomega-lovirus retinitis in patients with AIDS(1).Am J Ophthalmol.2002;133:467–474.

Foulks GN. DEWS report: a mission completed. Ocul Surf.2007;5:65–66.

Nichols KK, Foulks GN, Bron AJ, et al. The international workshopon meibomian gland dysfunction: executive summary. InvestOphthalmol Vis Sci. 2011; 52:1922–1929.

Smith JA, Albeitz J, Begley C, et al. The epidemiology of dry eye disease: report of the Epidemiology Subcommittee of theInternational Dry Eye WorkShop (2007). Ocul Surf. 2007; 5:93–107.

Sullivan DA, Hammitt KM, Schaumberg DA, et al. Report of theTFOS/ARVO Symposium on Global Treatments for Dry EyeDisease: an unmet need. Ocul Surf. 2012; 10:108–116.

Pflugfelder SC, Geerling G, Kinoshita S, et al. Management and therapy of dry eye disease: report of the Management and TherapySubcommittee of the International Dry Eye WorkShop (2007). OculSurf. 2007; 5:163–178.

Novack GD. Pipeline: why aren't there more pharmacotherapies for dry eye. Ocul Surf. 2014; 12:227–230.

Sheppard JD, Torkildsen GL, Lonsdale JD, et al. Lifitegrastophthalmic solution 5.0% for treatment of dry eye disease: results ofthe OPUS-1 phase 3 study. Ophthalmology. 2014; 121:475–483.

Friedman DS, Wolfs RC, O’Colmain BJ, et al. Prevalence of open-angle glaucoma among adults in the United States. ArchOphthalmol. 2004; 122:532–538.

Jiang X, Varma R, Wu S, et al. Baseline risk factors that predict the development of open-angle glaucoma in a population: the Los Angeles Latino Eye Study. Ophthalmology. 2012; 119:2245–2253.

Hochberg C, Maul E, Chan ES, et al. Association of vision loss inglaucoma and age-related macular degeneration with IADLdisability.Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2012; 53:3201–3206.

Ramulu P. Glaucoma and disability: which tasks are affected, and at what stage of disease? Curr Opin Ophthalmol. 2009; 20:92–98.

Kass MA, Heuer DK, Higginbotham EJ, et al. for the OcularHypertension Treatment Study Group. The Ocular HypertensionTreatment Study: a randomized trial determines that topical ocularhypotensive medication delays or prevents the onset of primaryopen-angle glaucoma. Arch Ophthalmol. 2002; 120:701–713.

Heijl A, Leske MC, Bengtsson B, et al. Reduction of intraocular pressure and glaucoma progression: results from the early manifest glaucoma trial. Arch Ophthalmol. 2002; 120:1268–1279.

Group GLTR. The Glaucoma Laser Trial (GLT) and Glaucoma Laser Trial follow-up study: 7. Results.Am J Ophthalmol.1995;120:718–731.

Lichter PR, Musch DC, Gillespie BW, et al. Interim clinicaloutcomes in the Collaborative Initial Glaucoma Treatment Studycomparing initial treatment randomized to medications or surgery. Ophthalmology. 2001; 108:1943–1953.

Panel AAO.Preferred Practice Pattern: Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma. San Francisco, CA: American Academy of Ophthalmology; 2010. http://www.aao.org/preferred-practice-pattern/pri-mary-openangle-glaucoma-ppp--october-2010.

Panel AAO.Preferred Practice Pattern: Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma Suspect. San Francisco, CA: American Academy of Ophthalmology; 2010. http://www.aao.org/preferred-practice-pat-tern/primary-openangle-glaucoma-suspect-ppp--october-20.

Society EG. Terminology and Guidelines for Glaucoma, 4th ed.Savona, Italy: PubliComm; 2014

Singh K, Sit AJ. Intraocular pressure variability and glaucoma risk: complex and controversial. Arch Ophthalmol. 2011; 129:1080–1081.

Gedde SJ, Schiffman JC, Feuer WJ, Herndon LW, Brandt JD, Budenz DL. Treatment outcomes in the tube versus trabeculectomy (TVT) study afterfive years of follow-up.Am J Ophthalmol.2012;153:789–803.

Budenz DL, Barton K, Feuer WJ, et al. Treatment outcomes in theAhmed Baerveldt Comparison Study after 1 year of follow-up. Ophthalmology. 2011; 118:443–452.

Robin AL, Ramakrishnan R, Krishnadas R, et al. A long-term dose-response study of mitomycin in glaucomafiltration surgery. ArchOphthalmol. 1997; 115:969–974.

Goldmann H. Out-flow pressure, minute volume and resistance of the anterior chamberflow in man. Doc Ophthalmol AdvOphthalmol. 1951; 5-6:278–356.

Brubaker RF. Goldmann’s equation and clinical measures ofaqueous dynamics. Exp Eye Res. 2004; 78:633–637.

Bacharach J, Dubiner HB, Levy B, Kopczynski CC, Novack GD,Group A–CS. Double-masked, randomized, dose-response study ofAR-13324 vs. latanoprost in patients with elevated intraocular pressure. Ophthalmology. 2015; 122:302–307.

Kiel JW, Kopczynski C. Effect of AR-13324 on episcleral venouspressure in Dutch belted rabbits. J Ocul Pharmacol Ther.2015;31:146–151.

Wang R-F, Williamson JE, Kopczynski C, Serle JB. Effect of 0.04%AR-13324, a ROCK and norepinephrine transporter inhibitor, on aqueous humor dynamics in normotensive monkey eyes. J Glaucoma. 2015; 24:51–54.

Williams RD, Novack GD, van Haarlem T, Kopczynski C; AR-12286 Phase 2A Study Group. Ocular hypotensive effect of the Rhokinase inhibitor AR–12286 in patients with glaucoma and ocularhypertension. Am J Ophthalmol. 2011; 152:834–841.e1.

Tanihara H, Inoue T, Yamamoto T, Kuwayama Y, Abe H, Araie M. Phase 2 randomized clinical study of a rho kinase inhibitor, K-115, in primary open-angle glaucoma and ocular hypertension. Am JOphthalmol. 2013; 156:731–736.

Tanihara H, Inatani M, Honjo M, Tokushige H, Azuma J, Araie M. Intraocular pressure-lowering effects and safety of topicaladministration of a selective ROCK inhibitor, SNJ-1656, in healthyvolunteers. Arch Ophthalmol. 2008; 126:309–315.

Toris CB, Camras CB, Yablonski ME. Effects of PhXA41, a newprostaglandin F2 alpha analog, on aqueous humor dynamics inhuman eyes. Ophthalmology. 1993; 100:1297–1304.

Weinreb RN, Toris CB, Gabelt BT, Lindsey JD, Kaufman PL. Effects of prostaglandins on the aqueous humor outflow pathways. Surv Ophthalmol. 2002;47 Suppl 1: S53–S64.

Schenker HW, Yablonski ME, Podos SM, et al. Fluorophotometricstudy of epinephrine and timolol in human subjects. ArchOphthalmol. 1981; 99:1212–1226.

Coakes RL, Brubaker RF. The mechanism of timolol in loweringintraocular pressure. Arch Ophthalmol. 1978; 96:2045–2048.

Strahlman E, Tipping R, Vogel R. A double-masked, randomized 1-year study comparing dorzolamide (Trusopt), timolol, andbetaxolol. International Dorzolamide Study Group.Arch Ophthal-mol. 1995; 113:1009–1016.

Adamsons I, Clineschmidt C, Polis A, et al. The efficacy and safetyof dorzolamide as adjunctive therapy to timolol maleate gellansolution in patients with elevated intraocular pressure. J Glaucoma.1998;7:253–260.

Lichter PR, Newman LP, Wheeler NC, Beall OV. Patient toleranceto carbonic anhydrase inhibitors. Am J Ophthalmol. 1978; 85:495–502.

Gharagozloo NZ, Relf SJ, Brubaker RF. Aqueousflow is reduced bythe alpha-adrenergic agonist, apraclonidine hydrochloride (ALO2145). Ophthalmology. 1988; 95:1217–1220.

Robin AL. The role of apraclonidine hydrochloride in laser therapyfor glaucoma. Trans Am Ophthalmol Soc. 1989; 87:729–761.

Toris CB, Gleason ML, Camras CB, Yablonski ME. Effects ofbrimonidine on aqueous humor dynamics in human eyes. ArchOphthalmol. 1995; 113:1514–1517.

Novack GD. Medicinal cannabis for glaucoma. Curr OpinOphthalmol. in press.

Robin AL, Novack GD, Covert DW, Crockett RS, Marcic TS. Adherence in glaucoma: objective measurements of once-dailyand adjunctive medication use. Am J Ophthalmol. 2007; 144:533–540.

Novack GD. Pipeline: what does it mean when a company says thata product is “approvable”? Ocul Surf. 2005; 3:63–64.

Jesner S. Der humor aqueus des Auges in seinen beziehungen zublutdruck und nerventreizung. Pflugers Arch Eur J Physiol. 188023:14–44.

Feldman-Billard S, Dupas B, Sedira N, et al. Hypoglycaemia isassociated with the absence of a decrease in diurnal macularthickness in patients with diabetic macular oedema.DiabetesMetab. 2013;39:169–173.

Yablonski ME, Burde RM, Kolker AE, Becker B. Cataracts inducedby topical dexamathasone in diabetics.Arch Ophthalmol.1978;96:474–476.

Fairbairn WD, Thorson JC. Fluorometholone: anti-inflammatoryand intraocular pressure effects.Arch Ophthalmol. 1971;86:138–141.

Bodor N. Soft drugs: principles and methods for the design of safedrugs.Med Res Rev. 1984;4:449–469.

Novack GD. Pipeline: decoding the package insert: indications.Ocul Surf. 2003;1:150–151.

Cannan RK. The Drug Efficacy Study of the National ResearchCouncil’s Division of Medical Sciences, 1966-1969, 1968.Washington, DC: National Academy of Sciences. http://www.nasonline.org/about-nas/history/archives/collections/des-1966-1969-1.html?referrer¼https://www.google.com/.

Jaffe GJ, Ben Nun J, Guo H, Dunn JP, Ashton P. Fluocinoloneacetonide sustained drug delivery device to treat severe uveitis. Ophthalmology. 2000;107:2024–2033.

Lowder C, Belfort R Jr, Lightman S, et al. Dexamethasoneintravitreal implant for noninfectious intermediate or posterioruveitis. Arch Ophthalmol. 2011;129:545–553.

Keates RH, McGowan KA. Clinical trial offlurbiprofen to maintainpupillary dilation during cataract surgery. Ann Ophthalmol.1984;16:919–921.

Flach AJ, Dolan BJ, Irvine AR. Effectiveness of ketorolactromethamine 0.5% ophthalmic solution for chronic aphakic andpseudophakic cystoid macular edema. Am J Ophthalmol. 1987;103:479–486.

Flach AJ, Stegman RC, Graham J, Kruger LP. Prophylaxis ofaphakic cystoid macular edema without corticosteroids. Ophthal-mology. 1990;97:1253–1258.

Liesegang TJ.Viscoelastics. Int Ophthalmol Clin. 1993;33:127–147.

Bainbridge JW, Mehat MS, Sundaram V, et al. Long-term effect ofgene therapy on Leber’s congenital amaurosis. N Engl J Med.2015;372:1887–1897.

Barnard AR, Groppe M, MacLaren RE. Gene therapy forchoroideremia using an adeno-associated viral (AAV) vector. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Med. 2015;5:a017293.85.

Haller JA, Stalmans P, Benz MS, et al. Efficacy of intravitrealocriplasmin for treatment of vitreomacular adhesion: subgroupanalyses from two randomized trials. Ophthalmology. 2015;122:117–122.

AREDS. A randomized, placebo-controlled, clinical trial of high-dose supplementation with vitamins C and E, beta carotene, and zinc for age-related macular degeneration and vision loss: AREDSreport no. 8.Arch Ophthalmol. 2001;119:1417–1436.

TAP Study Group. Photodynamic therapy of subfoveal choroidalneovascularization in age-related macular degeneration withverteporfin: one-year results of 2 randomized clinical trials—TAP report 1.Arch Ophthalmol. 1999;117:1329–1345.

Bressler SB, Qin H, Melia M, et al. Exploratory analysis of theeffect of intravitreal ranibizumab or triamcinolone on worsening ofdiabetic retinopathy in a randomized clinical trial. JAMAOphthalmol. 2013;131:1033–1040.

Scott AB. Botulinum toxin injection into extraocular muscles asan alternative to strabismus surgery. Ophthalmology. 1980;87:1044–1049.

Frueh BR, Felt DP, Wojno TH, Musch DC. Treatment ofblepharospasm with botulinum toxin. A preliminary report. ArchOphthalmol. 1984;102:1464–1468.

Chia A, Chua WH, Wen L, Fong A, Goon YY, Tan D. Atropinefor the treatment of childhood myopia: changes after stoppingatropine 0.01%, 0,1%, and 0.5%.Am J Ophthalmol. 2014;157:451–457.

Siatkowski RM, Cotter SA, Crockett RS, Miller JM, Novack GD,Zadnik K. Two-year multicenter, randomized, double-masked,placebo-controlled, parallel safety and efficacy study of 2%pirenzepine ophthalmic gel in children with myopia.J AAPOS.2008;12:332–339.

Tan DTH, Lam DS, Chua WH, Shu-Ping DF, Crockett RS, GroupAPS. One-year multicenter, double-masked, placebo-controlled, parallel safety and efficacy study of 2% pirenzepine ophthalmic gelin children with myopia.Ophthalmology. 2005;112:84–91.

Repka MX, Kraker RT, Holmes JM, et al. Atropine vs patching fortreatment of moderate amblyopia: follow-up at 15 years of age of arandomized clinical trial.JAMA Ophthalmol. 2014;132:799–805.

Gary D. Novack, Alan L. Robin. Ocular Pharmacology The Journal of Clinical Pharmacology 2016; 56(5):517-527