Yüzey Zenginleştirilmiş Raman Spektroskopisi Uygulamalarında Metal Nano Parçacıkların Rolü
Özet
Teknolojinin pek çok kolaylık ve yüksek kalitede yaşam standartlarının yanında birçok hastalığı da beraberinde getirdiği inkâr edilemeyecek bir gerçektir. Kanser gibi tanısı erken konulamayan hastalıkların ve AİDS gibi bulaşıcı hastalıkların teşhisinde, kanda belirli oranda uzun süre bulunması gereken ilaçların kandaki miktarlarının düzenli olarak takip edilmesinde, kritik tıbbi operasyonlarda vücuda enjekte edilen madde yoğunluklarının anlık olarak takibinde, adli vakaların analizinde, kapalı ortamlardaki zararlı gazların tespitinde, tarım, gıda, hayvan sağlığı vb. bir çok uygulama alanında hassasiyeti yüksek biyosensörlere ihtiyaç duyulmaktadır. Bu bölümde, özellikle düşük konsantrasyonlu ve eser miktardaki moleküllerin izlenmesi ve güvenilir bir şekilde saptanması için hızlı, doğru, hassas, ucuz, taşınabilir-giyilebilir ve kullanımı kolay ekipmanların geliştirilmesine yönelik gelecek vadeden bir yaklaşım olarak Yüzey Zenginleştirilmiş Raman Spektroskopisi (YZRS) uygulamaları ve YZRS aktif alt taşlarının tasarımında metal nano parçacıkların kullanımı incelenmiştir. Kararlı, hassas ve güvenilir YZRS sinyalleri elde etmek için doğru malzeme ve yapıya sahip YZRS alt taşlarının tasarımı büyük önem arz etmektedir. Ayrıca, malzemeler makro ve mikro boyutlarda sınırlı özelliklere sahipken nano boyutlara indikçe büyüklük, şekil, yüzey özellikleri ve kimyasal reaktivite gibi faktörlerin modifikasyonu ile mühendislik anlamında olağanüstü özellik ve performansların elde edilmesi mümkündür. Burada, YZRS aktif alt taşı üretiminde kullanılan nano parçacıklar, nano parçacıkların modifikasyonu, boyut ve şekil özelliklerinin etkisi, patojenlerin ve ağır metallerin tespitine yönelik uygulamalar gibi konular ele alınmıştır.
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