Nanopartiküllerin Teranostik ve Terapötik Özellikleri

Canan Vejselova Sezer

doi:10.37609/akya.2942

Yazarlar

Canan Vejselova Sezer

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3792-5993

DOI: https://doi.org/10.37609/akya.2942.c8645

Özet

Nanoteknoloji bilim ve teknolojinin birleşiminden oluşturulmuş bir terimdir ve günümüzde sağlık alanında, tıbbi müdahale, terapi ve prognoz amacıyla gerçekleştirilen uygulamalarda yüksek oranda kullanıma sahip ürün, teknik ve metotlar sunmaktadır. Sağlık alanında nanoteknoloji ürünleri görüntüleme, akıllı ilaç uygulamaları ve erken teşhis amaçlı kullanılan tarama cihazları, ajanları ve uygulama metotlarında sıklıkla yer almaktadır. Nanoteknolojinin tıbbi uygulamalarını tanımlayan terim ise nanotıp terimidir. Nanotıp uygulamalarında nanoteknolojik ürünler geniş yelpazedeki hastalıkların önlenmesi, diyagnozu, terapisi, patofizyolojik durumların araştırılması ve sağ kalım ile yaşam kalitesinin artırılmasına yönelik kullanıma sahiptir. Bu alanda son yıllarda gerçekleşen gelişmeler nanopartiküllerin ve birçok farklı nanoyapının çok daha etkili ve az toksik olmasını sağlamış ve hastalık diyagnoz ve terapisi için daha yüksek potansiyelde olmalarına yol açmıştır. En çok kullanıma sahip formülasyonlar nanoteranostiklerdir. Nanoteranostik uygulamaları farmakokinetik değerlendirme, biyo-dağılım, hedef bölgede akümülasyon ve non-invazif ilaç salım gösteriminde etkilidir. Buna ilaveten, hasta ön seçimi ve prognozda da nanokemoterapötikler ile kişisel terapi gerçekleştirilmesi için nanoteranostikler kullanılabilmektedir. Bu bölümde, nanoterapötik ve nanoteranostiklerin özellikleri, kullanım alanları, kişiselleştirilmiş nanoilaç uygulamaları ele alınmıştır. Daha detaylı olarak, bu bölümde, nanoterapötiklerin antibakteriyel uygulamaları, aktivitesi, etki ve nüfuz etme mekanizmaları, antifungal olarak ve kanser tedavisinde kullanımlarının yanı sıra nanoteranostiklerin yapısı, özellikleri ve uygulama alanları konularına örnekleriyle birlikte yer verilmiştir.

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