Gıda Katkı Maddeleri ve Kimyasal Kalıntıların Gıda Güvenliği Açısından Önemi
Özet
Gıda kontaminantları arasında çevresel kirleticiler, gıda proseslerinde oluşan kontaminasyonlar, taklit ve tağşişler, gıda katkı maddeleri ile ambalaj malzemelerinden kaynaklanan migrasyonlar önemli rol oynamaktadır. Gıdaların kimyasal maddelerle kontaminasyonu insan sağlığı için ciddi bir tehdit oluşturan önemli bir küresel gıda güvenliği sorunudur. Bu kimyasallar, metaller/metaloidler, polisiklik aromatik hidrokarbonlar (PAH), kalıcı organik kirleticiler (KOK), perflorlu bileşikler (PFB), farmasötik ve kişisel bakım ürünleri, radyoaktif elementler, elektronik atıklar, plastikler, ambalaj malzemeleri, nanoparçacıklar ve radyoaktif bileşikler dahil olmak üzere daha birçok maddeden oluşmaktadır. Bunların bir kısmı çevrede doğal olarak bulunurken, bir kısmı antropojenik kaynaklardan üretilmektedir. Hileli işlemler, çevre kirliliği, üretim, manipülasyon ve koruma düzeyindeki yanlış prosedürler sonucunda da gıdalar kimyasal ajanlarla kontamine olabilmektedir. Bu maddelere yüksek konsantrasyonlarda maruziyet, hassas bireyler ve çocuklar ile yaşlılar için bir risk faktörü olup önemli sağlık sorunlarına neden olabilmektedir.
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Martins FC, Sentanin MA, De Souza D. Analytical methods in food additives determination: Compounds with functional applications. Food Chemistry. 2019;272: 732-750. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2018.08.060
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TGK (Türk Gıda Kodeksi). Türk Gıda Kodeksi Gıda Katkı Maddeleri Yönetmeliği. RG 30 Haziran 2013, 28693: Ankara; 2013.
TGK (Türk Gıda Kodeksi). Türk Gıda Kodeksi Gıda Katkı Maddeleri Yönetmeliğinde Değişiklik Yapılmasına Dair Yönetmelik. RG 24 Kasım 2014, 29185: Ankara; 2014.
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