The Emergence and Evolution of Forest Certification

Meidinger E. The administrative law of global private-public regulation: The case of forestry. European Journal of International Law; 2006; 17(1): 47-87. doi:10.1093/ejil/chi168

Auld G. Constructing private governance: The rise and evolution of forest, coffee, and fisheries certification. Yale University Press, 2014.

Nussbaum R, Simula M. The forest certification handbook. Second edition. Earthscan; 2005.

Bass S. Introducing forest certification. DG-VIII Forest Certification Advisory Group (FCAG), Forest Certification Briefing Note No 1. IIED; 1998.

FAO. Global forest resources assessment 2020. (on 15.08.2023 available at https://doi.org/10.4060/ca8753en)

Kiker CF, Putz FE. Ecological certification of forest products: economic challenges, methodological and ideological options. Ecological Economics; 1997; 20:37-51. doi:10.1016/S0921-8009(96)00076-6

Geray U. Feasibility Report on Forest Certification in Türkiye. 1999. (in Turkish)

Baharuddin HG, Simula M. Certification Schemes for all Timber and Timber Products. Report for the International Tropical Timber Organization, Yokohama, Japan; 1994.

Bartley T. Certifying forests and factories: States, social movements, and the rise of private regulation in the apparel and forest products fields. Politics and Society; 2003; 31(3): 433-64. doi: 10.1177/0032329203254863

Ginzky H. Report on the admissibility under international law of national bans on tropical timber use imposed by public authorities. Bremen; 1997.

Lindahl KB. Certification toolbox - the why, how, what and where of certification. Forests, Trees and People Newsletter; 2000; 43: 67-77.

Durusoy İ. Certification and Analysis of Its Necessity, Feasibility and Potential Issues and Opportunities for Implementation in Turkish Forestry, MSc Thesis, Karadeniz Technical University; 2002. (in Turkish)

Teisl MF, Roe B. Environmental certification-informing consumers about forest products. Journal of Forestry. 2000; 98(2):36-42. doi:10.1093/jof/98.2.36

Hansen E. Forest Certification and its role in marketing strategy. Forest Products Journal; 1997; 47(3):16-22.

Baharuddin HG. Timber certification: An overview. Unasylva; 1995; 46(4-183): 18-24.

Ozanne LK, Vlosky RP. Environmental certification of wood products. Women in Natural Resources; 1998; 19(3): 4-8.

Elliott C. Forest Certification: Analysis from A Policy Network Perspective, Doctoral Dissertation, Chair of Ecosystem Management. Department of Rural Engineering, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Lausanne; 1999.

Vallejo N. Hauselmann P. Institutional requirements for forest certification, a manual for stakeholders. Deutsche Gesellschaft für Technische Zusammenarbeit (GTZ), Forest Certification Project, Working Paper 2; 2000.

Başkent EZ, Türker MF. Exploring the development in forest certification. Journal of the Faculty of Forestry Istanbul University; 2002; 52(2/1-2): 41-54. (in Turkish).

Rametsteiner E. Simula M. Background paper. In: Workshop on Forest Certification: Forging Novel Incentives for Environment and Sustainable Forest Management. 6-7 September 2001, EFI Proceedings 43, Brussels, Belgium. (p.13-72)

Bass S. Simula M. Independent certification/verification of forest management. In: World Bank/WWF Alliance Workshop, 9-10 November 1999, Washington D.C. (p. 1-46)

ASI. Conformity sssessment bodies. (on 15.08.2023 available at https://www.asi-assurance.org/s/find-a-cab)

Cabarle B, Hrubes RJ, Eliot C, Synnott T. Certification accreditation: the need for credible claims. Journal of Forestry; 1995; 93(4): 12-17.

Seymour RS, Hrubes RJ, Hammel D. Certifying Sustainable Forestry. Journal of Forestry; 1995; 93(4): 26-29.

Anonymous. Chain of custody: handbook of procedures to apply for certification, wood industry sector. Bolivian Council for voluntary forest certification, Santa Cruz, Bolivia; 2001.

Anonymous. Forest certification – status report and overview. GTZ Forest Certification Project, Eschborn, Germany; 1998.

Anonymous. Development of forest certification in Finland. publications of the ministry of agriculture and forestry, Helsinki, Finland; 1997.

Sprang P. Aspects of quality assurance under the certification schemes FSC and PEFC. Themenbearbeitung am Institut für Forstökonomie, Freiburg; 2001.

Masiero M, Florian D. FSC chain of custody certification. Brotto L, Pettenella D (ed.) Forest Management Auditing-Certification of Forest Products and Services. London and New York: Routledge; 2018. (p. 93-112)

Rametsteiner E. Markets for Certified Forest Products. In: Forest Products Annual Market Review. ECE/FAO; 2001. (p. 117-122)

Kanowski P, Sinclair D, Freeman B. International approaches to forest management certification and labelling of forest products: a review. Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry, Australia; 1999.

FSC. Principles and criteria for forest stewardship standard (STD) V(5-3). (on 15.08.2023 available at https://connect.fsc.org/document-centre/documents/resource/392)

FSC. Principles and criteria for natural forest management. (Board approved version), Oaxaca, Mexico;1994.

Anonymous. Task force on forest management certification programs 1999 report. The Society of American Foresters; 1999.

FSC. Fact&Figures. (on 1.09.2023 available at https://connect.fsc.org/impact/facts-figures)

FSC. FSC certification in Russia is ending. (on 15.08.2023 available at https://fsc.org/en/newscentre/general-news/fsc-certification-in-russia-is-ending)

PEFC. Discover PEFC. (on 15.08.2023 available at https://pefc.org/discover-pefc).

PEFC. PEFC’s story, from Europe to the World. (on 15.08. 2023 available at https://pefc.org/news/pefcs-story-from-europe-to-the-world)

PEFC. PEFC suspends PEFC Russia. (on 15.08.2023 available at https://www.pefc.org/news/pefc-suspends-pefc-russia).

Humphreys D. Forest politics: the evolution of international cooperation. London: Earthscan; 1996.

PEFC Canada. About PEFC Canada. (on 15.08.2023 available at https://www.pefccanada.org/).

SFI, Sustainable Forestry Initiative. (on 15.08.2023 available at https://forests.org/).

LEI. Lembaga Ekolabel Indonesia. (on 15.08.2023 available at https://lei.or.id/en-gb/leis-profile).

MTTC. Malaysian Timber Certification Council. (on 15.08.2023 available at http://www.mttc.com.my)

Sasser, E, Aseem P, Cashore B, Auld G. Direct targeting as an NGO political strategy: Examining private authority regimes in the forestry sector. Business and Politics; 2006; 8(3): 1-34.

Cashore B, Auld G, Newsom, D. Governing through markets: forest certification and the emergence of non-state authority. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press; 2004.

Synnott T. Some notes on the early years of FSC. Saltillo, Mexico; 2005.

PEFC. Double certification FSC and PEFC - 2020 estimation. (on 15.08.2023 available at https://www.pefc.org/news/double-certification-fsc-and-pefc-2020-estimation)

GREENPEACE. Greenpeace international to not renew FSC membership. (on 15.08.2023 available at https://www.greenpeace.org/international/press-release/15589/greenpeace-international-to-not-renew-fsc-membership)

Meidinger E. The administrative law of global private-public regulation: The case of forestry. European Journal of International Law; 2006; 17(1): 47-87. doi:10.1093/ejil/chi168

Auld G. Constructing private governance: The rise and evolution of forest, coffee, and fisheries certification. Yale University Press, 2014.

Nussbaum R, Simula M. The forest certification handbook. Second edition. Earthscan; 2005.

Bass S. Introducing forest certification. DG-VIII Forest Certification Advisory Group (FCAG), Forest Certification Briefing Note No 1. IIED; 1998.

FAO. Global forest resources assessment 2020. (on 15.08.2023 available at https://doi.org/10.4060/ca8753en)

Kiker CF, Putz FE. Ecological certification of forest products: economic challenges, methodological and ideological options. Ecological Economics; 1997; 20:37-51. doi:10.1016/S0921-8009(96)00076-6

Geray U. Feasibility Report on Forest Certification in Türkiye. 1999. (in Turkish)

Baharuddin HG, Simula M. Certification Schemes for all Timber and Timber Products. Report for the International Tropical Timber Organization, Yokohama, Japan; 1994.

Bartley T. Certifying forests and factories: States, social movements, and the rise of private regulation in the apparel and forest products fields. Politics and Society; 2003; 31(3): 433-64. doi: 10.1177/0032329203254863

Ginzky H. Report on the admissibility under international law of national bans on tropical timber use imposed by public authorities. Bremen; 1997.

Lindahl KB. Certification toolbox - the why, how, what and where of certification. Forests, Trees and People Newsletter; 2000; 43: 67-77.

Durusoy İ. Certification and Analysis of Its Necessity, Feasibility and Potential Issues and Opportunities for Implementation in Turkish Forestry, MSc Thesis, Karadeniz Technical University; 2002. (in Turkish)

Teisl MF, Roe B. Environmental certification-informing consumers about forest products. Journal of Forestry. 2000; 98(2):36-42. doi:10.1093/jof/98.2.36

Hansen E. Forest Certification and its role in marketing strategy. Forest Products Journal; 1997; 47(3):16-22.

Baharuddin HG. Timber certification: An overview. Unasylva; 1995; 46(4-183): 18-24.

Ozanne LK, Vlosky RP. Environmental certification of wood products. Women in Natural Resources; 1998; 19(3): 4-8.

Elliott C. Forest Certification: Analysis from A Policy Network Perspective, Doctoral Dissertation, Chair of Ecosystem Management. Department of Rural Engineering, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Lausanne; 1999.

Vallejo N. Hauselmann P. Institutional requirements for forest certification, a manual for stakeholders. Deutsche Gesellschaft für Technische Zusammenarbeit (GTZ), Forest Certification Project, Working Paper 2; 2000.

Başkent EZ, Türker MF. Exploring the development in forest certification. Journal of the Faculty of Forestry Istanbul University; 2002; 52(2/1-2): 41-54. (in Turkish).

Rametsteiner E. Simula M. Background paper. In: Workshop on Forest Certification: Forging Novel Incentives for Environment and Sustainable Forest Management. 6-7 September 2001, EFI Proceedings 43, Brussels, Belgium. (p.13-72)

Bass S. Simula M. Independent certification/verification of forest management. In: World Bank/WWF Alliance Workshop, 9-10 November 1999, Washington D.C. (p. 1-46)

ASI. Conformity sssessment bodies. (on 15.08.2023 available at https://www.asi-assurance.org/s/find-a-cab)

Cabarle B, Hrubes RJ, Eliot C, Synnott T. Certification accreditation: the need for credible claims. Journal of Forestry; 1995; 93(4): 12-17.

Seymour RS, Hrubes RJ, Hammel D. Certifying Sustainable Forestry. Journal of Forestry; 1995; 93(4): 26-29.

Anonymous. Chain of custody: handbook of procedures to apply for certification, wood industry sector. Bolivian Council for voluntary forest certification, Santa Cruz, Bolivia; 2001.

Anonymous. Forest certification – status report and overview. GTZ Forest Certification Project, Eschborn, Germany; 1998.

Anonymous. Development of forest certification in Finland. publications of the ministry of agriculture and forestry, Helsinki, Finland; 1997.

Sprang P. Aspects of quality assurance under the certification schemes FSC and PEFC. Themenbearbeitung am Institut für Forstökonomie, Freiburg; 2001.

Masiero M, Florian D. FSC chain of custody certification. Brotto L, Pettenella D (ed.) Forest Management Auditing-Certification of Forest Products and Services. London and New York: Routledge; 2018. (p. 93-112)

Rametsteiner E. Markets for Certified Forest Products. In: Forest Products Annual Market Review. ECE/FAO; 2001. (p. 117-122)

Kanowski P, Sinclair D, Freeman B. International approaches to forest management certification and labelling of forest products: a review. Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry, Australia; 1999.

FSC. Principles and criteria for forest stewardship standard (STD) V(5-3). (on 15.08.2023 available at https://connect.fsc.org/document-centre/documents/resource/392)

FSC. Principles and criteria for natural forest management. (Board approved version), Oaxaca, Mexico;1994.

Anonymous. Task force on forest management certification programs 1999 report. The Society of American Foresters; 1999.

FSC. Fact&Figures. (on 1.09.2023 available at https://connect.fsc.org/impact/facts-figures)

FSC. FSC certification in Russia is ending. (on 15.08.2023 available at https://fsc.org/en/newscentre/general-news/fsc-certification-in-russia-is-ending)

PEFC. Discover PEFC. (on 15.08.2023 available at https://pefc.org/discover-pefc).

PEFC. PEFC’s story, from Europe to the World. (on 15.08. 2023 available at https://pefc.org/news/pefcs-story-from-europe-to-the-world)

PEFC. PEFC suspends PEFC Russia. (on 15.08.2023 available at https://www.pefc.org/news/pefc-suspends-pefc-russia).

Humphreys D. Forest politics: the evolution of international cooperation. London: Earthscan; 1996.

PEFC Canada. About PEFC Canada. (on 15.08.2023 available at https://www.pefccanada.org/).

SFI, Sustainable Forestry Initiative. (on 15.08.2023 available at https://forests.org/).

LEI. Lembaga Ekolabel Indonesia. (on 15.08.2023 available at https://lei.or.id/en-gb/leis-profile).

MTTC. Malaysian Timber Certification Council. (on 15.08.2023 available at http://www.mttc.com.my)

Sasser, E, Aseem P, Cashore B, Auld G. Direct targeting as an NGO political strategy: Examining private authority regimes in the forestry sector. Business and Politics; 2006; 8(3): 1-34.

Cashore B, Auld G, Newsom, D. Governing through markets: forest certification and the emergence of non-state authority. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press; 2004.

Synnott T. Some notes on the early years of FSC. Saltillo, Mexico; 2005.

PEFC. Double certification FSC and PEFC - 2020 estimation. (on 15.08.2023 available at https://www.pefc.org/news/double-certification-fsc-and-pefc-2020-estimation)

GREENPEACE. Greenpeace international to not renew FSC membership. (on 15.08.2023 available at https://www.greenpeace.org/international/press-release/15589/greenpeace-international-to-not-renew-fsc-membership)