Kızamık ve Subakut Sklerozan Panensefalit: Oluşum ve Patogenezi

Yazarlar

Mustafa Kocaağa

Özet

Subakut sklerozan panensefalit (SSPE), merkezi sinir sistemini (MSS) tutan kızamık virüsünün (KV) nadir görülen, yıkıcı bir komplikasyonudur. Subakut sklerozan panensefalit, 4–11/100.000 kızamık vakasında görülür. Zayıf bir hücresel bağışıklık tepkisinin, bireyleri SSPE gelişimine yatkın hale getirdiği savunulmaktadır.  SSPE hastalarından alınan örneklerde kızamık virüsü kalıcılığına yol açabilecek mutasyonların varlığı da gösterilmiştir. Bununla birlikte, bugüne kadar yapılan hiçbir çalışma, KV'nin merkezi sinir sistemindeki kalıcı enfeksiyonun neden olduğu SSPE'nin patogenezini kesin olarak ortaya koymamıştır. Bu bölümde, SSPE'nin patogenezi ve hastalığın immünolojik temelleri açısından bir genel bakış sunulmuştur. SSPE'nin patogenezinin açıklığa kavuşturulması, hem tedavi seçeneklerinin genişletilmesini hem de hastalık prognozunun tahmin edilmesini sağlayacaktır.

 

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7 Kasım 2023

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