Dijital Çağda Siyaset
Özet
Bu kitap, dijital çağda siyasetin teknoloji ve yönetişimle nasıl değiştiğini ele almaktadır. Yazar, son otuz kırk yılda yaşanan hızlı değişim ve dönüşümlerin insanlık tarihindeki en büyük dalgayı oluşturduğunu belirtmektedir. Bu dalganın önemli bir parçası olan dijital teknoloji, sosyal ilişkileri, değerleri ve yapıları derinden etkilemektedir. Kitap, dijital teknolojinin siyaset alanında yarattığı değişimleri ve dönüşümleri incelerken, siyasetin içeriği, yapma tarzı, kullanılan araçlar, dili ve yöntemini de ele almaktadır. Dijital teknoloji sayesinde siyasete katılımın en etkili yolunun yeni medya araçları üzerinden gerçekleştiği vurgulanmaktadır. Siyasetin meydanlardan dijital mecralara kaydığı ve sosyal medya araçlarının vatandaşların kendini ifade etme, siyasal hayata katılma ve tartışma süreçlerine katılma imkanı sağladığı belirtilmektedir. Bu kitap, dijital çağda siyasetin nasıl değiştiğini anlamak isteyen okuyucular için önemli bir kaynak olacaktır.
This book examines how politics has changed in the digital age with technology and governance. The author emphasizes that the rapid changes and transformations of the past thirty to forty years have created the biggest wave in human history. Digital technology, which is an important part of this wave, deeply affects social relationships, values, and structures. While exploring the changes and transformations brought about by digital technology in the field of politics, the book also addresses the content, style, tools, language, and methods of politics. It highlights that the most effective way of participating in politics through digital technology is through new media tools. It is stated that politics has shifted from physical arenas to digital platforms, and social media tools provide opportunities for citizens to express themselves, participate in political life, and engage in the process of discussion. This book will be an important resource for readers who want to understand how politics has changed in the digital age.
Referanslar
AASCU. (2017). Digital Polarization Initiative. Https://Www.Aascu.Org/AcademicAffairs/ADP/DigiPo/#:~:Text=The%20Digital%20Polarization%20Initiative%2C%20or,Our%20Twitter%20and%20Facebook%20feeds [Access Date:February 11,2023).
Adnan, I. (2021). What can the digital age offer Political Life? Https://Newint.Org/Features/2021/08/24/What-Can-Digital-Age-Offer-Political-Life [Access Date: February 10, 2023]
Ahmad, I. (2021). Difference between Critical Discourse Analysis and Political Discourse Difference between Critical Discourse Analysis and Political Discourse Analysis : - 1 . What is Discourse ? Researchgate, March.
Ahmad, T., Alvi, A., & Ittefaq, M. (2019). The Use of Social Media on Political Participation Among University Students: An Analysis of Survey Results From Rural Pakistan. SAGE Open, 9(3). https://doi.org/10.1177/2158244019864484
Akrivia. (n.d.). Algorithmic Transparency. Akrivia HCM.
Al-Hasan, A., Khalil, O., & Yim, D. (2021). Digital information diversity and political engagement: The impact of website characteristics on browsing behavior and voting participation. Information Polity, 26(1), 21–37.
Albayrak, O. (2009). Ak Parti Siyasi Etik Sözleşmesi. In Etik Komisyon – AK Parti İstanbul İl Başkanlığı.
Albayrak, O. (2021). Parti Üyelerinin Siyasi Katılımı. Ankara: Orion Yayınevi.
Altun, F. (2022). Sosyolojik Teori Bağlamında Post-Truth Anlatısının Eleştirisi. Erciyes İletişim Dergisi, 9(1), 249–267.
Anderson, J., & Rainie, L. (2020a). Concerns about democracy in the digital age. Pew Research Center, February 21.
Anderson, J., & Rainie, L. (2020b). Concerns about democracy in the digital age. Pew Research Center, Febb 21.
Anderson, J., & Rainie, L. (2020c). Many Tech Experts Say Digital Disruption Will Hurt Democracy. Pew Research Center, Feb. 21.
Auxier, B., Rainie, L., Anderson, M., Perrin, A., Kumar, M., & Turner, E. (2019). Americans and Privacy: Concerned, Confused and Feeling Lack of Control Over Their Personal Information. Pew Research CenterResearch Center, Nov 19.
Azzara, M. (2021). What is WannaCry Ransomware and How Does It Work? Mimecast, May, 5.
Azzimonti, M., & Fernandes, M. (2021). Social Media Networks, Fake News, and Polarization. NATIONAL BUREAU OF ECONOMIC RESEARCH, Https://Www.Nber.Org/System/Files/Working_papers/W24462/W24462.Pdf [Access Date:February 13, 2023].
Backlinko. (n.d.). Viral Content. Https://Backlinko.Com/Hub/Content/Viral [Access Date:February 16, 2023].
Bağcan, S., Tunçay, E., & Savaş, S. (2021). Sosyal Medyada Demokrasiye Lider Müdahalesini Gözlemlemek: 2020 ABD Başkanlık Seçimlerinde Donald Trump ve Joe Biden'ın Tweetlerinin İçerik ve Duygu Analizi Açısından İncelenmesi. The Turkish Online Journal of Design Art and Communication, 11(3).
Bail, C. A., Argyle, L. P., Brown, T. W., Bumpus, J. P., Chen, H., & Hunzaker, M. B. F. (2018). Exposure to opposing views on social media can increase political polarization. PNAS, 115(37). https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1804840115
Bajak, F. (2022). A chilling Russian cyber aim in Ukraine: Digital dossiers. Https://Apnews.Com/Article/Russia-Ukraine-Technology-Business-Border-Patrols-Automobiles-Fa3f88e07e51bcaf81bac8a40c4da141 [Access Date: May 8,2023], April 28.
Bakır, V., Pickering, B., Grace, P., & Boniface, M. (2018). Opinion Forming in the Digital Age. Fake News, Echo Chambers and Populism - Key Themes, Concerns & Recommendations for European Research and Innovation, 1(October), 1–75.
Balietti, S., Getoor, L., Goldstein, D. G., & Watts, D. J. (2021). Reducing opinion polarization: Effects of exposure to similar people with differing political views. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 118(52), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2112552118
Barberá, P. (2020). Social Media, Echo Chambers, and Political Polarization. Cambridge University Press, 34–55.
Barkun, M. (2013). A Culture of Conspiracy: Apocalyptic Visions in Contemporary America. In University of California Press, Berkeley, CA.
Barlas, N. (2018). Cumhurbaşkanlığı Seçi̇mleri Üzeri̇ne Karşılaştırmalı Bir Twweter Analizi. In Yeni Medya Elektronik Dergisi (Vol. 5, Issue 3).
Barnard, J., & Pina, P. (2021). Veri Etiği: Sadece kurallara uymak yetmez, artık cesur olma zamanı. Think with Google, Mart.
Barnhart, B. (2021). Everything you need to know about social media algorithms. Sproutsocial, March 26.
Başarır, M. (2016). Retorik ikna bileşenlerin siyasi liderlerce kullanımı: iktidar ve ana muhalefet liderilerinin TBMM Grup Konuşmaları üzerine bir analiz. Gümüşhasne Üniversitesi, İletişim Fakültesi Elektronik Dergisi, 4(2).
Basri, H. (2010). DIGITAL DIVIDE IN TURKISH PRIMARY SCHOOLS : SAKARYA SAMPLE. TOJET: The Turkish Online Journal of Educational Technology, 9(1), 43–53.
BBC. (2020). Amazon “thwarts largest ever DDoS cyber-attack.” Https://Www.Bbc.Com/News/Technology-53093611 [Access Date:May 7,2023], June 18.
Belair, D. (n.d.). Ryuk Ransomware. Augment.
Bell, D. (1972). The Coming of Post-Industrial Society. New York: Basic Books.
Benger, G. (2019). Endüstri 4.0, Toplum 5.0. Günce Yayınları.
Berglind, N., Fadia, A., & Isherwood, T. (2022). The potential value of AI—and how governments could look to capture it. McKinsey&Company, July 25.
Berlinski, N., Doyle, M., Guess, A. M., Levy, G., Lyons, B., Montgomery, J. M., Nyhan, B., & Reifler, J. (2021). The Effects of Unsubstantiated Claims of Voter Fraud on Confidence in Elections. Journal of Experimental Political Science, 1–16. https://doi.org/10.1017/XPS.2021.18
Beyaz. (n.d.). Kişisel Verilerin Anonimleştirilmesi. Https://Www.Beyaz.Net/Tr/Guvenlik/Makaleler/Kisisel_verilerin_anonimlestirilmesi.Html [Erişim Tarihi: Şubat 25, 2023].
Bimber, B., & Copeland, L. (2013). Digital Media and Traditional Political Participation Over Time in the U.S. Journal of Information Technology and Politics, 10(2), 125–137. https://doi.org/10.1080/19331681.2013.769925
Binark, M. (Derleyen). (2007). Yeni Medya Çalışmaları. Ankara:Dipnot Yayınları.
Birt, J. (2023). How To Improve Critical Thinking Skills at Work in 6 Steps. Indeed, Career Guide, Feb 4.
Bitdefender. (2023). What is Online Privacy? And Why is it Important? Cyber Pedia.
Björgo, T., & Witte, R. (1993). Racist violence in Europe. Macmillan Press.
Blum, B. (2020). The Radical History of Corporate Sensitivity Training. The Newyorker, September 24.
BodyPositive. (2021). Love your body, LIVE your life! Https://Thebodypositive.Org [Access Date:February 20,2023].
Bor, D., Lee, B. S., & Oughton, E. J. (2021). Quantifying polarization across political groups on key policy issues using sentiment analysis. Https://Arxiv.Org/Pdf/2302.07775.Pdf [Access Date: March 3,2023], 1–31.
Borrell-Associates. (2017). Digital political ad spend in the U.S. 2008-2020. In United States; Borrell Associates; 2008 to 2017.
Bostanci, M. (2019). Manipülasyon, Dezenformasyon ve Propaganda Politikalarına Yönelik Farkındalık. In Medya Okuryazarlığı,Nobel Yayuınları,İstanbul (Issue October).
Bostancı, M. (2021). Dijital Çağda Siyasal iletişimi Yeniden Düşünmek. In Siyasal İletişim Uygulamalı Tartışmalar, Nobel Yayınevi, Ankara (pp. 269–280).
Bostancı, M. (2014). Siyasal İletişim 2.0. I. Uluslararası Siyasal İletişim Demokrasi ve Yeni Süreçler Sempozyumu,Erciyes İletişim Dergisi, Akademia, 3(3), 84–86.
Boxell, L., Gentzkow, M., & Shapiro, J. M. (2017). Greater Internet use is not associated with faster growth in political polarization among US demographic groups. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 114(40), 10612–10617. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1706588114
Boyd, D. M., & Ellison, N. B. (2007). Social network sites: Definition, history, and scholarship. Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, 13(1), 210–230. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1083-6101.2007.00393.x
Bozankaya, Y. (2021). Dijital Çağda Siyasi Tartışma – Fabienne Peter. Analitik Felsefe, Temmuz 17.
Bozkurt, V. (2000). Enformasyon Toplumu ve Türkiye. In İstanbul:Sistem Yayıncılık.
Bradley, T. (2020). Data Ethics Framework. Federal Data Strategy, USA. https://resources.data.gov/assets/documents/fds-data-skills-catalog.pdf
Brandt, J. (2021a). How Democracies Can Win an Information Contest Without Undercutting Their Values. Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, Aug 02.
Brandt, J. (2021b). The internet is a battleground. Will democracies win? Brookings, Dec 1.
Brandtzæg, P. B., Følstad, A., & Mainsah, H. (2012). Designing for youth civic engagement in social media. Proceedings of the IADIS International Conference Web Based Communities and Social Media 2012, IADIS International Conference Collaborative Technologies 2012, July, 65–72.
Braun, M. (2023). To find the truth of a situation - an interview with Bruno Latour. Holberg Prize.
BreakPoverty. (n.d.). Digital illiteracy : a cause and a consequence of social exclusion. Break Poverty Foundation.
Bremmer, I. (2021). Dijital Güçler Küresel Düzeni Nasıl Yeniden Şekillendirecek? Foreign Affairs, Https://Www.Foreignaffairs.Com/Articles/World/2021-10-19/Ian-Bremmer-Big-Tech-Global-Order?Check_logged_in=1&utm_medium=promo_email&utm_source=lo_flows&utm_campaign=registered_user_welcome&utm_term=email_1&utm_content=20221015 [Access Dat.
Brennan. (n.d.). Debunking the Voter Fraud Myth. Brennan Cemter for Justice Report.
Britannica, T. Editors of Encyclopaedia. (2018). Corruption. Encyclopedia Britannica. https://www.britannica.com/topic/corruption-law. Corruption.Encyclopaedia Britannica, Https://Www.Britannica.Com/Topic/Corruption-Law [Access Date:March 10,2023], Dec 19.
Britannica, T. Editors of Encyclopaedia. (2023). Bribery. Bribery. Encyclopedia Britannica. Https://Www.Britannica.Com/Topic/Bribery [Access Date:March 10,2023], March 9.
Britannica, The Editors of Encyclopaedia. (2017). Fraud. Fraud. Encyclopedia Britannica. Https://Www.Britannica.Com/Topic/Fraud [Access Date:March 10,2023].
Britannica, The Editors of Encyclopaedia. (2023). Quackery. Quackery. Encyclopedia Britannica. Https://Www.Britannica.Com/Topic/Quackery.
Browning, G. (1996). Electronic Democracy: Using the Internet to Influence American Politics. Pemberton Press, Wilton.
Bruns, A. (2011). Gatekeeping, Gatewatching, Real-Time Feedback: New Challenges for Journalism. Brazilian Journalism Research, 7, 117–136. http://bjr.sbpjor.org.br/bjr/article/view/355/331
Bruns, A. (2006). (2006). Towards Produsage: Futures for User-Led Content Production. Proceedings CulturalCultural Attitudes towards Communication and Technology,Tartu, Estonia, 275–284. http://eprints.qut.edu.au
BTK. (2017). Onaylı İçerik Filtreleme Yazılımları. Https://Www.Btk.Gov.Tr/Onayli-Icerik-Filtreleme-Yazilimlari [Erişim Tarihi: Şubat 26,2023], Aralık 15.
Btritannica. (2023). conspiracy theory. Https://Www.Britannica.Com/Topic/Conspiracy-Theory [Access Date:Feb 23,2023].
Buckup, S., & Canazza, M. (2023). What is tech diplomacy and why does it matter? Wef Emerging Technologies, Feb 23.
Bullas, J. (2021). 10 Viral Social Media Campaigns You Can Learn From. Https://Www.Jeffbullas.Com/Viral-Social-Media-Campaigns/ [Access Date:February 16,2023].
Bustamante, C. M. V., Candela, J. Q., Wright, L., Bogan, L., & Faddoul, M. (2022). Technology Primer: Social Media Recommendation Algorithms (Eds: A.Higuchi, A. Jayanti). Belfer Center Fort Science and International Affairs, Harward Kennedy School, Aug. 25.
Cabianca, P., Hammond, P., & Gutierrez, M. (2023). What is a Social Media Echo Chamber? And how you break out of it. Texas Moody.
Çaha, Ö. (2021). Sayın Vekilim (1. Baskı). İstanbul: Liman Kitapları.
Calderaro, A. (2010a). Digital politics divide : the digital divide in building political e-practices. Florence, European University Institute, 2010, EUI PhD Theses, Department of Political and Social Sciences - Https://Hdl.Handle.Net/1814/14706.
Calderaro, A. (2010b). Digital Politics Divide : The Digital Divide in Building Political E-Practices. PhD Thesis: EUROPEAN UNIVERSITY INSTITUTE Department of Political and Social Sciences, Florence, September. https://doi.org/10.2870/2014
Calice, M. N., Bao, L., & Scheufele, D. A. (2021). Polarized platforms? How partisanship shapes perceptions of “algorithmic news bias". Sage Journals.
Callaghan, S. R. (2022). End Social Media’s Political Discrimination. Newsweek, April 4.
Cambridge-Dictionary. (n.d.-a). Filter bubble. Https://Dictionary.Cambridge.Org/Us/Dictionary/English/Filter-Bubble [Access Date:February 11, 2023).
Cambridge-Dictionary. (n.d.-b). Misinformation. Https://Dictionary.Cambridge.Org/Us/Dictionary/English/Misinformation [Access Date:February 11,2023).
Cambridge. (2023). post-truth. Https://Dictionary.Cambridge.Org/Us/Dictionary/English/Post-Truth [Access Date:February 14, 2023].
Cambridge Dictionary. (2023). Digital Age. Https://Dictionary.Cambridge.Org/Us/Dictionary/English/Digital-Age [Access Date:February 9, 2023].
Carayannis, E. G., & Morawska-Jancelewicz, J. (2022). The Futures of Europe: Society 5.0 and Industry 5.0 as Driving Forces of Future Universities. Journal of the Knowledge Economy, 13(4), 3445–3471. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13132-021-00854-2
Carothers, T., & O’Donohue, A. (2019). Democracies Divided: The Global Challenge of Political Polarization. In Brookings Institution Press.
Castells, M. (2010). The Power of Identity. In The Power of Identity: Second edition With a new preface (Vol. 2). Wiley-Blackwell. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781444318234
Castells, M. (2013). Enformasyon Çağı:Ekonomi,Toplum ve Kültür-Kimliğin Gücü. In A. Telli (Ed.), Bilgi Üniversitesi Yayınları, İstanbul (Üçüncü Bas). İstanbul Bilgi Üniversitesi Yayınları 132.
Caulfield, M. (2020). DigiPo: The Digital Polarization Initiative. Https://Hcommons.Org/Deposits/Item/Hc:31141/ [Access Date: February 11,2023).
Chadwick, A. (2006). Internet Politics: States, Citizens, and New Communication Technologies. In Oxford University Press; Illustrated edition (February 23, 2006).
Chadwick, A. (2013). The Hybrid Media System. In Oxford University Press,New York.
Chain, A., Vieria, C. C., & Kim, J. (2022). Evaluating Digital Polarization in Multi-Party Systems: Evidence from the German Bundestag. WebSci ’22: 14th ACM Web Science Conference 2022, Barcelona, Spain, June 2022.
Chakravarti, A. (2023). Elon Musk does not know about Twitter banning tweets linking to BBC documentary in India. India Today, Jan 26.
Chakravorti, B. (2021a). Political Bickering Prolongs the Digital Divide. Wired, Jun 18.
Chakravorti, B. (2021b). Political Bickering Prolongs the Digital Divide. Https://Www.Wired.Com/Story/Opinion-Political-Bickering- Prolongs-the-Digital-Divide/ [Access Date: February 10, 2023].
Chang, A. (2018). The Facebook and Cambridge Analytica scandal, explained with a simple diagram. Vox Technology, May 2.
Charles, V., Rana, N. P., & Carter, L. (2022). Artificial Intelligence for data-driven decision-making and governance in public affairs. Government Information Quarterly, 39(4).
CheckPoint. (2022). What is Hacktivism? Checkpoint 2022 Security Report.
Cherry, K. (2020). What Is Body Positivity? Verywellmind, November 21.
Chikwakwa, B. (2022). Digital illiteracy affects employability, innovation, development and it elevates the gender- equality gap. World Literacy Foundation, May 11.
Chiulli, A. T. (2020). 5 Things You Need to Know for the Digital Age. Https://Www.Thestreet.Com/Financial-Advisor-Center/5-Things-to-Know-for-the-Digital-Age Date: February 10, 2023].
Choudhury, S. R. (2021). India rebukes Twitter for not fully complying with government order to ban certain accounts. CNBC, Feb 11.
Chow, D., & Lees, J. (2021). 3 Strategies to Address Political Polarization in the Workplace. Harvard Business Review.
Çifci, Y. (2020). Democracy, Participation and Technology: The Paradoxes of Democracy in Technology. Journal of History School, 44, 285–299.
Cinelli, M., Francisci, G. De, Galeazzi, A., & Quattrociocchi, W. (2021). The echo chamber effect on social media. PNAS, 118(9). https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2023301118/-/DCSupplemental.y
Clark. (2018). How to Promote Critical Thinking Skills. Clark, Jul19.
Clarke, L. (2021). Teknoloji elçileri dijital çağ için diplomasiyi yeniden tanımlıyor. Https://Techmonitor.Ai/Leadership/Innovation/Tech-Ambassadors [Access Date: February 5, 2023].
Clark, G. I. (2021). Twitter’ı hackleyerek Bitcoin dolandırıcılığı yapan 17 yaşındaki bilgisayar korsanı suçunu kabul etti. Https://Www.Bbc.Com/Turkce/Haberler-Dunya-56429005[AErişim Tarihi:May 27,2023], Mart 17.
COE. (n.d.). Dealing with propaganda, misinformation and fake news. Council of Europe Portal, Democratic Schools for All, Https://Www.Coe.Int/En/Web/Campaign-Free-to-Speak-Safe-to-Learn/Dealing-with-Propaganda-Misinformation-and-Fake-News#4 [Access Date: February 13, 2023].
COE. (2023). Dealing with propaganda, misinformation and fake news. Https://Www.Coe.Int/En/Web/Campaign-Free-to-Speak-Safe-to-Learn/Dealing-with-Propaganda-Misinformation-and-Fake-News [Access Date: March 16, 2023].
Cognizant. (2023). Data ethics-Data ethics featured content. Https://Www.Cognizant.Com/Us/En/Glossary/Data-Ethics#:~:Text=Data%20ethics%20is%20a%20branch,Adversely%20impact%20people%20and%20society. [Access Data: Feb 20,2023].
Cohen, J., & Fontaine, R. (2020). Uniting the Techno-Democracies How to Build Digital Cooperation. Foreign Affairs, Oct 13.
Colombo, C. (n.d.). Humanising brands. Kantar,London.
Coninck, D. De, Frissen, T., Matthijs, K., D’Haenens, L., Lits, G., Olivier, C.-P., Carignan, M.-E., David, M. D., Pignard-Cheynel, N., Salerno, S., & Généreux, M. (2021). Beliefs in Conspiracy Theories and Misinformation About COVID-19 : Comparative Perspectives on the Role of Anxiety , Depression and Exposure to and Trust in Information Sources. Frontiers in Psychology, 12(April), 1–13. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.646394
Consdaco. (2022). Veri Etiği Nedir? Consdam, Ekim 13.
Cooper, C. (2007). Licklider’ın Dijital Çağ vizyonu. Https://Www.Cnet.Com/Tech/Services-and-Software/Lickliders-Vision-of-the-Digital-Age/ [Erişim Tarihi:21.1.2023].
Cotton, J. L. (1979). The Effects of anonymity on Group Polarization. The University of Iowa ProQuest Dissertations Publishing.
Crockett, E. (2023). Structured vs. Unstructured Data: Key Differences Explained. Datamation, Feb 9.
Cross&Crown. (2021). Here’s What it Means to Humanize a Brand (& How to Do it Well). Https://Cacpro.Com/Thinking/Heres-What-It-Means-to-Humanize-a-Brand-How-to-Do-It-Well/ [Access Date:February 20,2023], April 21.
CrowdStrike. (2022). What is zero-day exploit? Https://Www.Crowdstrike.Com/Cybersecurity-101/Zero-Day-Exploit/ [Access Date: Feb 26, 2023], June 10.
Crowe, J. (2019). Ryuk Ransomware Cripples MSP and Major Newspapers, Represents Dangerous Shift Toward Coordinated Attacks. NinjaOne, Jan 4.
CSI-Library. (2023). Misinformation and Disinformation: Thinking Critically about Information Sources. Https://Library.Csi.Cuny.Edu/c.Php?G=619342&p=4310783 [Access Date: February 13, 2023].
Dauer, Q. P. (2019). The Digital Polarization Initiative. Teaching History and Information Literacy. Perspectives on History: The Newsmagazine of the American Historical Association.
Davis, R. (1999). The web of politics: The internet’s impact on the American political system. Oxford University Press.
Davis, W. (2016). The Age of Post-Truth Politicis. The NewYork Times, Https://Www.Nytimes.Com/2016/08/24/Opinion/Campaign-Stops/the-Age-of-Post-Truth-Politics.Html [Access Date:February 14,2023], August 24.
De-Wit, L., Linden, S. van der, & Brick, C. (2019). What Are the Solutions to Political Polarization? Greater Good Magazine.
De Angelis, A., Farhart, C. E., Merkley, E., & Stecula, D. A. (2022). Political Misinformation in the Digital Age During a Pandemic: Partisanship, Propaganda, and Democratic Decision-Making. Frontiers in Political Science,USA, 4(June 1). https://doi.org/10.3389/fpos.2022.897095
de Fine Licht, K., & de Fine Licht, J. (2020). Artificial intelligence, transparency, and public decision-making: Why explanations are key when trying to produce perceived legitimacy. AI and Society, 35(4), 917–926. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00146-020-00960-w
Deinla, I. B., Mendoza, G. A. S., Ballar, K. J., & Yap, J. K. (2022). The link between fake news susceptibility and political polarization of the youth in the Philippines. Asian Journal of Political Science, 30(2).
Del, M., Bessi, A., Zollo, F., Petroni, F., Scala, A., & Caldarelli, G. (2015). The spreading of misinformation online. PNAS. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1517441113
Denning, S. (2022). What Is The Digital Age And What Does It Mean? Https://Www.Forbes.Com/Sites/Stevedenning/2022/02/09/What-Is-the-Digital-Age-and-What-Does- It-Mean/?Sh=5eaa855c58b2 [Access Date: February 9, 2023].
Diakopoulos, N., & Koliska, M. (2016). Algorithmic Transparency in the News Media. Digital Journalism.
Dictionary-of-Populism. (n.d.). Post-Truth Politics-. European Center for Populism Studies, Https://Www.Populismstudies.Org/Vocabulary/Post-Truth-Politics/ [Access Date:February 14,2023].
Dictionary.com. (n.d.). Misinformation. Https://Www.Dictionary.Com/Browse/Misinformation [Access Date:February 11,2023).
Doğan, D. (2013). Kişisel Verilerin Korunmasında Veri Madenciliği Etkisi: Online Mahremiyetin Sonunda mıyız? Paper Knowledge . Toward a Media History of Documents.
Donahoe, E. (2021). System Rivalry: How Democracies Must Compete with Digital Authoritarians. Just Security, Sep 21.
Donk, W. Van De, Loader, B. D., Nixon, P. G., & Rucht, D. (2004). Cyberprotest: New media, citizens and social movements. In Cyberprotest: New Media, Citizens and Social Movements (1. Baskı, Vol. 9780203644). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203644225
Doug. (2022). Important Things About the Digital Age. Https://Dougantin.Com/Important-Things-about-the-Digital-Age/ [Access Date: February 10, 2023].
Drucker, P. F. (1993). Kapitalist Ötesi Toplum(Çev. B. Çorakçı). İnkılap Kitabevi, İstanbul.
Du, W., Wang, Y., Xu, W., & Ma, J. (2021). A personalized recommendation system for high-quality patent trading by leveraging hybrid patent analysis. Scientometrics, 126(12), 9369–9391. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11192-021-04180-x
Duignan, B. (2021). Voter suppression. The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica, Https://Www.Britannica.Com/Topic/Voter-Suppression [Access Date:March 10,2023], Dec 2.
Earl, J. (2018). Technology and Social Media. In Wiley Online Library.
Easa, K. M. (2019). Marshall McLuhan’s Understanding Media : The Extensions of Man ( An Analysis of How the Medium is the Message Challenges Conventional Thought About Mans Relationships with Technology ... Https://Www.Researchgate.Net/Publication/339659279_Marshall_McLuhan’s_Understanding_Media_The_Extensions_of_Man_An_Analysis_of_How_the_Medium_is_the_Message_Challenges_Conventional_Thought_About_Mans_Relationships_with_Technology/Link/5e5e75f6299bf1bdb84d.
Edquist, A., Grennan, L., Griffiths, S., & Rowshankish, K. (2022). Data ethics: What it means and what it takes. McKinsey Report, September 23.
Efe, S., Kervankıran, İ., & Gül, H. (2017). Dijital Çağda SBKY Eğitiminde Bilgi Teknolojilerinin Yeri: CBS Örneği. Kayfor 15 Özetler Kitabı, Isparta 1-4 Kasım 2017.
Eker, S. (2016). Türkiye’de Demokrasiyi Yeni Bir Yurttaşlık Anlayışıyla Düşünmek: Tekno-Bilimsel Yurttaşlık. Ankara Üniversitesi SBF Dergisi, 71(1), 33–72. http://dergipark.ulakbim.gov.tr/ausbf/article/view/5000183450
Eltoro. (n.d.). Top 10 Digital Marketing Tips for A Successful Political Campaign. Https://Eltoro.Com/Political-Digital-Marketing-Tips/ [Access Date:Feb 21, 2023].
Enders, A. M., Uscinski, J. E., Seelig, M. I., Klofstad, C. A., Wuchty, S., Funchion, J. R., Murthi, M. N., Premaratne, K., & Stoler, J. (2021). The Relationship Between Social Media Use and Beliefs in Conspiracy Theories and Misinformation. Https://Www.Ncbi.Nlm.Nih.Gov/Pmc/Articles/PMC8262430/ [Access Date:February 11,2023), 1(24).
Er, H., Turan, S., & Kaymakci, S. (2021). Toplum 5.0 Sürecinin Gelişimi ve Eğitime Etkisinin Değerlendirilmesi. Adıyaman Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 14(39).
Erdoğan, E. (2021). Kutuplaşmadan Siyasetçiler Kârlı. Perspektif, Mayıs 22.
Erdoğan, E., & Semerci, P. U. (2018). Fanusta Diyaloglar. In İstanbul Bilgi Üniversitesi Yayınları.
Eren, B. (2019). “İkna Edilebilirler” Kimler? Medium, Oct 7.
Eren, Z. U. (2020). Toplum 5 . 0 ve Dijital Dünyada Toplumsal Dönüşüm. Dijital Dönüşüm ve İnovasyon: 4. Uluslararası Yeni Medya Konferansı (25-26 Nisan 2019, İstanbul, Türkiye), April.
Evcim, U. (2023). Özgürlüğün ve Gözetimin Mücadele Alanı Olarak İnternet Kongre Kitabı. Yeni Medya Çalışmaları V. Ulusal Kongre, 4-5 Kasım 2021, Adana.
Eyüpoğlu, H. (2017). Dijital çağda iletişim teknolojilerinin insan karakterinin değişimine etkisi. Akademik Bakış Dersigisigisi, 63(Eylül-Ekim 2017), 103–110.
Feldstein (Ed.), S. (2021). Issues on the Frontlines of Technology and Politics Digital Democracy Network. In Carnegie Endowment for International Peac.
Feldstein, S. (2020). How Should Democracies Confront China’s Digital Rise? Weighing the Merits of a T-10 Alliance. Digital and Cyberspace Policy Program and Net Politics, Nov 30.
Feldstein, S. (2021a). Digital Technology’s Evolving Role in Politics, Protest and Repression The. Https://Www.Usip.Org/Publications/2021/07/Digital-Technologys-Evolving-Role- Politics-Protest-and-Repression [Access Date: February 7, 2023].
Feldstein, S. (2021b). Teknoloji ve Siyasetin Ön Cephesindeki Sorunlar. Https://Carnegieendowment.Org/2021/10/19/Issues-on-Frontlines-of-Technology- and-Politics-Pub-85505 [Access Date:February 7,2923] Son.
Feldstein, S. (2021c). The Rise of Digital Repression: How Technology is Reshaping Power, Politics, and Resistance. Oxford University Press, London.
Feldstein, S. (2022). Government Internet Shutdowns Are Changing. How Should Citizens and Democracies Respond? - Carnegie Endowment for International Peace. Working PAper,Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, March. https://carnegieendowment.org/2022/03/31/government-internet-shutdowns-are-changing.-how-should-citizens-and-democracies-respond-pub-86687
Fermanoğlu, Ö. M. (2021). Yeni Medya, Siyasal İletişim ve Dijital Demokrasi. Nobelkitap, İstanbul.
Ferrigo, B. (2022). Elon Musk Has Inherited Twitter’s India Problem. Time, Nov 11.
Fiske, W. (2022). Fact-check: Did Democrats suggest 2016 presidential election was stolen? Austin American Statesman, Oct 10.
Floridi, L., & Taddeo, M. (2016). What is data ethics? Philosphical Transactions Royal Society Publisihing, Oxford.
Frankfurt, H. G. (2005). On Bullshit. In Princeton Universtiy Press.
Freedom House. (2023). Election Watch for the Digital Age. Https://Freedomhouse.Org/Report/Election-Watch-Digital-Age [Access Date: February 8, 2023].
FreedomHouse. (n.d.). Technology & Democracy. Https://Freedomhouse.Org/Issues/Technology-Democracy [Access Date:Mar 10,2023].
FTC. (2023a). How To Protect Your Privacy Online. Https://Consumer.Ftc.Gov/Articles/How-Protect-Your-Privacy-Online [Access Date:Feb B25,2023].
FTC. (2023b). Online Privacy and Security. Understanding online privacy, how to protect your devices from hackers and threats, and how to avoid common online scams. Federal Trade Comission Consumer Advice, Https://Consumer.Ftc.Gov/Identity-Theft-and-Online-Security/Online-Privacy-and-Security [Access Date:Feb 26, 2023].
Fuchs, C. (2008). The Internet and society. Social theory in the information age. Abingdon:Routledge.
Fuchs, C. (2015). Dijital Emek ve Karl Marx (Çev. S. Oğuz, T.E.Kalaycı). In Nota Bene Yayınları,.
García, L. P. (2019). Slavoj Žižek’s Concept of Rupture—and Post-Truth. Merion West, April 29.
Gartner. (n.d.). What Is Digital Government? Https://Www.Gartner.Com/En/Topics/Digital-Government [Access Date:February 14,2023].
Gartner. (n.d.). Generative AI. Https://Www.Gartner.Com/En/Information-Technology/Glossary/Generative-Ai [Access Date: Jun 1, 2023]
Gerçekgündem. (2023). 317 internet sitesi erişime kapatıldı. Https://Www.Gercekgundem.Com/Bilim-Teknoloji/317-Internet-Sitesi-Erisime-Kapatildi-410127 [Erişim Tarihi:Mayıs 27, 2023], Şubat 4.
GfcGlobal. (n.d.). What is an Echo Chamber? Https://Edu.Gcfglobal.Org/En/Digital-Media-Literacy/What-Is-an-Echo-Chamber/1/ [Access Date: February 11, 2023).
Gilardi, F. (2021). The Digital Transformation of Politics and Policy-Making. “Elements in Public Policy” Series, Cambridge University Press, 1–72.
Gillespie, T. (2010). The politics of “platforms.” New Media and Society, 12(3), 347–364. https://doi.org/10.1177/1461444809342738
Gillespie, T. (2018). Custodians of the Internet: Platforms, Content Moderation, and the Hidden Decisions That Shape Social Media. In Yale University Press.
Gilley, B. (2017). Technocracy and democracy as spheres of justice in public policy. Policy Sciences, 50(1), 9–22. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11077-016-9260-2
Goncalves, G., & (Eds.), J. P. S. (2016). Politics and Web 2.0: The Participation Gap. In Vernon Press.
Google. (n.d.). Google’ın veri anonimleştirme yöntemi. Https://Policies.Google.Com/Technologies/Anonymization?Hl=tr [Erişim Tarihi: 25 Şubat 2023].
Google. (2023). Grup içeriğini kategorilere ayırmak için etiketleri kullanma. Https://Support.Google.Com/a/Users/Answer/9664435?Hl=tr [Access Date: Feb 26, 2023].
Gov. (n.d.). Preventing Polarization in your Association. Https://Www.Cabq.Gov/Office-of-Neighborhood-Coordination/News/Preventing-Polarization-in-Your-Association [Access Date:February 13, 2023].
Grammarist. (n.d.). Post-Truth. Https://Grammarist.Com/New-Words/Post-Truth [Access Date:February 14,2023].
Granger, S. (2001). Social Engineering Fundamentals, Part I: Hacker Tactics. Broadcom, Dec 18.
Granicus. (n.d.). What Is Digital Government Service? Https://Granicus.Com/Dictionary/Digital-Government-Services [Access Date:February 14,2023].
Grimmelikhuijsen, S., & Meijer, A. (2022). Legitimacy of Algorithmic Decision-Making : Six Threats and the Need for a Calibrated Institutional Response. Perspectives on Public Management and Governance, 5(March), 232–242.
Groot, J. De. (2023). What is Cyber Security? Definition, Best Practices & Examples. Digital Guardian, April 28.
Gruber, H. (2017). Genres of political communication in Web 2.0. In The Routledge Handbook of Language and Politics.
Guillén, M. F. ., & Suárez, S. L. . (2005a). Explaining the Global Digital Divide : Economic , Political and Sociological Drivers of Cross-National Internet Use. Social Forces, 84(2), 681–708.
Guillén, M. F. ., & Suárez, S. L. . (2005b). Explaining the Global Digital Divide : Economic , Political and Sociological Drivers of Cross-National Internet Use. Oxford Journals;Https://Www.Jstor.Org/Stable/3598474, 84(2), 681–708.
Güner, F. (2018). Bana yalan söylediler: Haber doğrulama konusunda bir inceleme. Journu, Ekim 31.
Güngör, S. (2017). Siyasetin @Hali: Digital Çağda Siyasal Katılım e-politics: Political Participation in The Digital Age. İktisadi ve İlimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 22(15), 2259–2273.
Gürsoy, A. Ö. (2021). Hakikatin Ötesi , Berisi , Kendisi : “ Hakikat - ötesi ” Kavramına Dair Eleştirel Bir Çözümleme. Kaygı, 20(I), 150–170. https://doi.org/10.20981/kaygi.889037
Habibie, A. (2020). Comparision Between Discourse Analysis and Critical Discourse Analysis From Linguistics view. Https://Media.Neliti.Com/Media/Publications/288876-Comparison-between-Discourse-Analysis-an-6e43bd01.Pdf [Access Date:March 12, 2023].
Haselmayer, M., & Jenny, M. (2017). Sentiment analysis of political communication: combining a dictionary approach with crowdcoding. Quality and Quantity, 51(6), 2623–2646. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11135-016-0412-4
Herzog, S. M., Hertwig, R., & Lewandowsky, S. (2021). Public attitudes towards algorithmic personalization and use of personal data online: evidence from Germany, Great Britain, and the United States. Humanities and Social Sciences Communications, 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1057/s41599-021-00787-w
Hilbert, M. (2011). The end justifies the definition: The manifold outlooks on the digital divide and their practical usefulness for policy-making. Telecommunications Policy, 35(8), 715–736. Doi:16/j.Telpol.2011.06.012.
Hill, C. (2022). How to create a social media viral video. Sprout Blog, Https://Sproutsocial.Com/Insights/Social-Media-Viral-Video/# [Access Date: February 16, 2023].
Hoffmann, C. P., & Lutz, C. (2021). Digital Divides in Political Participation: The Mediating Role of Social Media Self-Efficacy and Privacy Concerns. Policy & Internet, 13, 6–29. https://doi.org/10.1002/poi3.225
Hofmann, J. (2019). Mediated democracy – linking digital technology to political agency. Internet Policy Review, 8(2), 1–18. https://doi.org/10.14763/2019.2.1416
Holliday, K., & Lieberman, J. (2020). Digital Political Advertising In 2020: What We Learned. Campaigns & Elections.
Höne, K. (2023). What is tech diplomacy? Israel Public Policy Institute, Mar 6.
Hood, C., & Margetts, H. (2007). The Tools of Government in the Digital Age. Palgrave Macmillan.
Hosanagar, K., & Jair, V. (2018). We Need Transparency in Algorithms, But Too Much Can Backfire. Harward Business Review, July 23.
Hudson, T. (2016). Why Social Media Activism Is Not A Cop-Out Social. Https://Www.Theodysseyonline.Com/Why-Social-Media-Activism-Is-Effective [Access Date:February 16, 2023].
Humphreys, A. (2016). Social media : enduring principles. In Oxford. ISBN 978-0-19-932843-7. OCLC 908698924.
Huntington, S. (1966). Siyasal Geli̇şme ve Si̇yasal Bozulma (Çev. E. Özbudun). Ankara Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi Dergisi, 22(1), 1. https://doi.org/10.1501/hukfak_0000001381
Hürriyet. (2015). ODTÜ Rektörü Acar’dan siber saldırı açıklaması. Https://Www.Hurriyet.Com.Tr/Teknoloji/Odtu-Rektoru-Acardan-Siber-Saldiri-Aciklamasi-40031278 [Erişim Tarihi: Mayıs 27, 2023], Aralık 24.
Hürriyet. (2016). Ziraat Bankası’ndan siber saldırı açıklaması. Https://Www.Hurriyet.Com.Tr/Ekonomi/Ziraat-Bankasindan-Siber-Saldiri-Aciklamasi-40076848 [Erişim Tarihi: Mayıs 30, 2023].
Hürriyet. (2020). Anonim ne demek? Anonim nedir? Anonim TDK kelime anlamı. Hürriyet Gazetesi, 8 Haziran 2020, Https://Www.Hurriyet.Com.Tr/Gundem/Anonim-Ne-Demek-Anonim-Nedir-Anonim-Tdk-Kelime-Anlami-41536640 [Erişim Tarihi: 12.Şubat.2022].
Huszár, F., Ktena, S. I., & O’Brien, C. (2021). Algorithmic amplification of politics on Twitter. PNAS.
Hynes, M. (2021). Online Privacy and Surveillance. In The Social, Cultural and Environmental Costs of Hyper-Connectivity: Sleeping Through the Revolution (pp. 85–102). https://doi.org/10.1108/978-1-83909-976-220211006
Hyvönen, A.-E. (2018). Defining Post-truth : Structures , Agents , and Styles. New Perspectives:Interdisciplinary Journal of Central & Eastern European Politics and International Relations, 1–5.
IBM. (n.d.). How Industry 4.0 technologies are changing manufacturing. IBM Reports,Https://Www.Ibm.Com/Topics/Industry-4-0 [Access Date:February 18, 2023].
IBM. (2021). Structured vs. Unstructured Data: What’s the Difference? Https://Www.Ibm.Com/Cloud/Blog/Structured-vs-Unstructured-Data [Access Date:Feb20,2023], June 29.
IEP. (n.d.). Jean-François Lyotard (1924—1998). Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy.
Ignatius, D. (2021). Biden’s ambitious plan to push back against techno-autocracies. The Washington Post, Feb 11.
İleri, Ö. (2022). Türkiye’de Yeni Siyasi Anlayış: Dijitalin Siyaseti. Kriter Dergi, 7(74).
Illing, S. (2018). How algorithms are controlling your life. Vox Technology, Oct 1.
Illing, S. (2019). The post-truth prophets. Vox Magazine, Nov 16.
İmece. (2021). FikirFeza ile Kendi Geleceğini Tasarla. Https://Imece.Com/Temalar/Aktif-Vatandaslik [Erişim Tarihi: Şubat 23,2023].
Imperva. (n.d.). Zero-day (0day) exploit. Https://Www.Imperva.Com/Learn/Application-Security/Zero-Day-Exploit/ [Access Date:Feb 26, 2023].
Ingram, D. (2018). Factbox: Who is Cambridge Analytica and what did it do? Reuters.
Invisibly. (2021). Personalization algorithms are sets of code that observe your digital habits and predicts your next choices. Https://Www.Invisibly.Com/Learn-Blog/Personalization-Algorithms/ [Access Date: February 11,2023].
Iosifidis, P., & Wheeler, M. (2018). Modern Political Communication and Web 2.0 in Representative Democracies. Javnost - The Public, 25:1-2, 110-118, DOI: 10.1080/13183222.2018.1418962.
Irigoyen, D. (2022). How to Humanize a Brand: 15 Best Tips for Humanizing Your Voice. Https://Blog.Hubspot.Com/Marketing/Humanizing-Your-Brand#:~:Text=Humanizing%20your%20brand%20means%20adopting,Meaningful%20connections%20with%20your%20audience. [Access Date:February 20,2023], August 4.
J., F.-R., Harfst, P., & Dingler, S. C. (2017). The costs of electoral fraud: establishing the link between electoral integrity, winning an election, and satisfaction with democracy. Journal of E. Elections, Public Opinion and Parties, Https://Doi.Org.10.1080/17457289.2017.1310111 [Access Date:Mar 10,2023], 27(3), 350–368.
Jackson, S. J., Bailey, M., & Welles, B. F. (2020). #HashtagActivism. In The MIT Press.
Jacobi. (2011). Reccomendation System. U.S. Patent. www.firefly.net/technology.htm.
Jarrar, Y. (2017). What is the role of government in the digital age? World Economic Forum, Https://Www.Weforum.Org/Agenda/2017/02/Role-of-Government-Digital-Age-Data [Access Date: February 10, 2023].
Johnson, R. (2017). Three forays into ideology in the age of post-truth politics. Open Democracy, April 12.
Joseph, M. (2019). Strategies to Increase Critical Thinking Skills in students. Teach Better, Oct 2.
Kaltheuner, F., Wang, M., & Brown, D. (2022). Where Are the Techno-Democracies? Human Rights Watch, Oct 18.
Kapani, M. (2017). Politika Bilimine Giriş (56. Baskı). BB101 Yayınları, Ankara.
Karabıçak, A. H. (2021). Bir Siyasal İletişim Aracı Olan İnternet ve Sosyal Medya Etiği. Küresel Medya Merkezi, Mart 21.
Kaspersky. (n.d.-a). Web Filtresi Nedir? Https://Www.Kaspersky.Com.Tr/Resource-Center/Definitions/Web-Filter [Access Date: Feb 26, 2023].
Kaspersky. (n.d.-b). What is a Zero-day Attack? - Definition and Explanation. Https://Usa.Kaspersky.Com/Resource-Center/Definitions/Zero-Day-Exploit [Access Date:Feb 26, 2023].
Kaspersky. (2023). What is WannaCry ransomware? Https://Usa.Kaspersky.Com/Resource-Center/Threats/Ransomware-Wannacry [Access Date:March 18, 2023].
Katzenbach, C. (2019). Algorithmic governance. INTERNET POLICY REVIEW ,Journal on Internet Regulation, 8(4), 1–18. https://doi.org/10.14763/2019.4.1424
Kavaklı, N. (2019). Yalan Haberle Mücadele ve İnternet Teyit/Doğrulama Platformları. Erciyes İletişim Dergisi, 6(1), 663–682. https://doi.org/10.17680/erciyesiletisim.453398
Kaypak, Ş., Bimay, M., & Yılmaz, V. (2017). Dijital Çağda Kamu Yöneti̇mi̇ ve Etik. Social Sciences Studies Journal, 3(6), 912–925. https://doi.org/10.26449/sssj.128
Kejanlıoğlu, B. (2004). Medya Çalışmalarında Kamusal Alan Kavramı. (M. Özbek (ed.)). Hil Yayınları, İstanbul.
Kelley, D. (2020). The psychology of social engineering—the “soft” side of cybercrime. Microsoft,Https://Www.Microsoft.Com/En-Us/Security/Blog/2020/06/30/Psychology-Social-Engineering-Soft-Side-Cybercrime/ [Access Date: Feb 26, 2023], June 30.
Kemal, İ. (2015). Siyasi Partilerin Geleceği. Londra Gazetesi , Erişim Tarihi: 25.3.2020. http://www.londragazete.com/2014/01/15/siyasi-partilerin-gelecegi/
Kenton, W., Khartit, K., & Schmitt, K. R. (2022). What Is Web 2.0? Definition, Impact, and Examples. Investopedia, Dec 29.
Keyes, R. (2004). The Post-Truth Era-Dishonesty and Deception in Contemporary Life. St Martin’s Press, New York.
Keyes, R. (2017). Hakikat Sonrası Çağ-Günümüz Dünyasında Yalancılık ve Aldatma(Çev.D.Özçetin). Deli Dolu Yayınevi.
Kezer, S. (n.d.). Endüstri 4.0 - Toplum 5.0. Https://Www.Seldakezer.Com/Blog/Endustri-40---Toplum-50.Html [Erişim Tarihi: 18.2.2023].
Kiely, T. (2022). 10 of the Top Social Media Campaigns of 2022. Meltwater.
Kim, K. S., & Kim, Y. C. (2007). New and old media uses and political engagement among korean adolescents. Asian Journal of Communication, 17(4), 342–361. https://doi.org/10.1080/01292980701636977
Kleinfeld, R., & Sobel, A. (2020). 7 Ideas to Reduce Political Polarization. And Save America from Itself. Https://Carnegieendowment.Org/2020/07/23/7-Ideas-to-Reduce-Political-Polarization.-and-Save-America-from-Itself-Pub-82365 [Access Date:February 13,2023].
Klinec, I. (2016). Yoneji Masuda and His Vision Of The Information Society. Integral Safety of Environs 2016,Proceedings of the International Scientific Conference, Rajec, September 23-24,2016, 24(5), 101–106.
Klosowski, T. (2019). How to Protect Your Digital Privacy. The NewYork Times, Https://Www.Nytimes.Com/Guides/Privacy-Project/How-to-Protect-Your-Digital-Privacy [Access Date:Feb 25, 2023].
Knight-Foundation. (n.d.). Democracy in the digital age. Https://Knightfoundation.Org/Democracy-in-the-Digital-Age/ [Access Date: March 12, 2023].
Knowbe4. (n.d.). What is Social Engineering? Https://Www.Knowbe4.Com/What-Is-Social-Engineering/ [Access Date:Feb 26, 2023].
Koc-Michalska, K., & Lilleker, D. G. (2019). Digital Politics: Mobilization, Engagement and Participation. Rouledge: New Yorktledge,.
Koçer, A. F. (2017). Siyasal iletişimde ikna ve ikna örnekleri. Https://Www.Academia.Edu/40455557/SİYASAL_İLETİŞİMDE_İKNA_VE_İKNA_ÖRNEKLERİ [Erişim Tarihi: Mart 3,2023].
Kofi Annan Foundation. (2020). The Report of the Kofi Annan Commission on Elections and Democracy in the Digital Age. In The Report of the Kofi Annan Commission on Elections and Democracy in the Digital Age (Issue January). https://www.kofiannanfoundation.org/app/uploads/2020/01/f035dd8e-kaf_kacedda_report_2019_web.pdf
Kofman, A. (2018). Bruno Latour, the post-truth philosopher, mounts a defense of science. The New York Times Magazine, Oct 25, Oct 25, 6. https://www.nytimes.com/2018/10/25/magazine/bruno-latour-post-truth-philosopher-science.html
Koponen, J. (2015). The Future Of Algorithmic Personalization. Https://Techcrunch.Com/2015/06/25/the-Future-of-Algorithmic-Personalization/ [Access Date: February 11, 2023).
Köseoğlu, Y., & Al, H. (2013). Bir Siyasal Propaganda Aracı Olarak Sosyal Medya. Akademik İncelemeler Dergisi, 8(3), 110.
Kurnaz, A. (2022). Dijital Siyasetin Yükselişi ve Yapay Zekâ. Siyaset, Kamu Yönetimi ve Uluslararası İlişkiler Bağlamında Yapay Zeka Tartışmaları, Ekin Yayınevi , Available at SSRN: Https://Ssrn.Com/Abstract=4312539, Dec 27.
Kurt, E. V. (2015). Medya ve Kutuplaşma : Kutuplaşmanın Medyaya Yansımalarının “Gezi Parkı Eylemleri” Üzerinden Değerlendirilmesi. Toplum ve Demokrasi, 9(19–20), 193–224.
Kutlu, A. (2018). Dönüşen Medya Çağında Si̇yasal Katılım: İstanbul’da Yaşayan 18-22 Yaş Seçmen Örneği̇. Erciyes İletişim Dergisi, 5(3), 90–106. https://doi.org/10.17680/erciyesakademia.344691
Kutlu, M. (2022). LinkedIn’e Siyasi İçerikleri Gizleme Özelliği Geliyor! Pazarlama İletişimi, Şub 18.
KVKK. (2017). Kişisel verilerin silinmesine, yok edilmesine veya anonim hale getirilmesi rehberi. In Kişisel verileri Koruma Kurulu. www.kvkk.gov.tr
Lai, S., & Tanner, B. (2022). No TitleExamining the intersection of data privacy and civil rihgts. Brookings, July 18.
Lam, B. K. &. (2023). Is Political Discrimination Legal ? Https://Www.Bkllawyers.Com/Blog/2022/October/Is-Political-Discrimination-Legal-/ [Access Date: February 10, 2023].
Larsen, A. M. E., White, J., Khilji, U., & Gillum, R. (2021). Tech ambassadors and digital foreign policy. Atlantic Council, Dec 6.
Latto, N. (2020). What is WannaCry? Avast Software s.r.O. https://www.avast.com/c-wannacry
Layman, G. C., Carsey, T. M., & Horowitz, J. M. (2006). Party Polarization in American Politics: Characteristics, Causes, and Consequences. 9Annual Review of Political Science., 9(1), 83–110.
Lee, S. Y., & Kim, J.-H. (2023). What makes people more polarized? The effects of anonymity, being with like-minded others, and the moderating role of need for approval. Telematics and Informatics, 76.
Leetaru, K. (2016). The Algorithms Are Taking Over: Who Controls Our Online Future? Forbes, Jan 2.
Lehoucq, F. (2003). Electoral Fraud: Causes, Types, and Consequences. Annual Review of Political Science, 6, 233–256. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.polisci.6.121901.085655
Lekach, S. (2020). 12 unexpected ways algorithms control your life. Mashable, September 3.
Leonard, A., Meban, A., & Young, O. (n.d.). What is fact-checking and why is it important? FactCheckNI, Https://Coinform.Eu/What-Is-Fact-Checking-and-Why-Is-It-Important/ [Access Date:February 13, 2023].
Lewandowsky, S., & Cook, J. (2020). Komplo Teorisi El Kitabı. John Cook, Center for Climate Change Communication, George Mason University Yayın. http://sks.to/conspiracy
Lewis, J. A. (2021). A Short Discussion of the Internet’s Effect on Politics. CSIS,Center for Strategic and International Studies, Jan 29.
Lilleker, D. G. (2014). Political Participation in a Digital Age. In Political Communication and Cognition. Political Campaigning and Communication. Palgrave Macmillan, London. (pp. 151–176).
Lister, M., Dovey, J., Giddings, S., Grant, I., & Kelly, K. (2009). New Media: A Critical Introduction. In Routledge (Second Edi, p. 404). Routledge Taylor and Francis Group, NewYork.
Liu;, X., Wan, Y., Liu, X., & Zhang, J. (2021). A Patent recommendation algorithm based on topic classification and semantic similarity. IEEE,International Conference on Wireless Communications and Smart Grid (ICWCSG).
Long, W. (2021). No TitleThe Business of Politics Show Bringing Artificial Intelligence to Campaigns. The Business Politics Show, Oct 6.
Louis, M., & Mooney, L. (2022). Polarisation and Democratic Engagement. World Forum for Democracy, Nov 8.
Lutino, C. (2022). How Does Technology Impact Politics? –. Https://Www.Acquia.Com/Blog/How-Does-Technology-Impact-Politics Date: February 10, 2023]. https://insidetelecom.com/how-does-technology-impact-politics/
Malott, K. (2022). Algorithmic bias and how it impacts all of us. Creighton News.
Maloy, R. W., & Trust, T. (2022). Recommendation Algorithms on Social Media Platforms. Libretexts, Jan 3.
Malwarebytes. (2023). WannaCry. Https://Www.Malwarebytes.Com/Wannacry [Access Date:March 2023].
Marcus, B. K. (2006). Radio Free Rothbard. Journal of Libertarian Studies, 20(2 (Spring)), 17–52.
Margetts, H. (2022). Interview with Helen Margetts: Towards a connected democracy. Human Technology Foundation [Interview by Izadora XAVIER].
Margetts, H., John, P., Hale, S., & Yasseri, T. (2015). Political Turbulence: How Social Media Shape Collective Action. In Princeton University Press, New Jersey.
Markay, L. (2022). AI becomes a political “super-weapon.” Politics & Policy, Oct 7.
Marr, B. (2022). 13 Easy Steps To Improve Your Critical Thinking Skills. Forbes, Aug 5.
Masih, N., & Gupta, A. (2022). Twitter sues Indian government over content removal. The Washington Post, July 5.
Masters, J. (2018). Russia, Trump, and the 2016 U.S. Election. Foreign Affairs, Feb 26.
Mattal, N., & Saif, I. (2023). The Government & Public Services What’s inside. Deloitte AI Institute.
Matthews, A. (2015). Nesnelerin İnterneti:Galaktik ağın doğuşu. Https://Www.Capacitymedia.Com/Article/29ot73vuauymdl98mldz4/Feature/Internet-of- Things-Birth-of-the-Galactic-Network [Erişim Tarihi:12.1.2023].
Mayer, J. (2018). New Evidence Emerges of Steve Bannon and Cambridge Analytica’s Role in Brexit. The New Yorker, Nov 17.
Mazilu, G. L. (2021). Digital Democracy & Political Participation. Byarcadia, Nov 16.
McCormack, C. B. (2016). Electronic Voting around the World. Democracy Rebooted: The Future of Technology in Elections, 1–23.
McCoy, J., & Press, B. (2022). What Happens When Democracies Become Perniciously Polarized? Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, Https://Carnegieendowment.Org/2022/01/18/What-Happens-When-Democracies-Become-Perniciously-Polarized-Pub-86190 [Access Date:February 11, 2023].
McKinsey. (2019). What are Industry 4.0, the Fourth Industrial Revolution, and 4IR? McKinsey&Company, August 17.
Mclennan, M. (2018). Differend and Post-Truth. French Journal For Media Research, 9, 1–13.
McLeod, J. M., Scheufele, D. A., & Moy, P. (1999). Community, communication, and participation: The role of mass media and interpersonal discussion in local political participation. Political Communication, 16, 315–336.
Medyascope. (2016). Clinton’la ilgili yeni e-posta sızıntısı ardından ABD istihbaratı: “Arkasında Rus hükümeti var.” Https://Medyascope.Tv/2016/10/08/Clintonla-Ilgili-Yeni-e-Posta-Sizintisi-Ardindan-Abd-Istihbarati-Rusya-Yaptiginda-Eminiz/ [Erişim Tarihi: May 27,2023], Ekim 8.
Meeriam-Webster. (n.d.). Meme. Http://Www.Merriam-Webster.Com/Dictionary/Meme [Access Date:February 17, 2023].
Merriam-Webster. (n.d.-a). Filter bubble. Https://Www.Merriam-Webster.Com/Dictionary/Filter%20bubble [Access Date:February 11, 2023).
Merriam-Webster. (n.d.-b). Misinformation. Https://Www.Merriam-Webster.Com/Dictionary/Misinformation [Access Date:February 11,2023).
Meserole, C. (2022). How do recommender systems work on digital platforms? Tech Stream, September 21.
Messina, C. hri. (2007). How do you feel about using # (pound) for groups. As in #barcamp [msg]? Https://Twitter.Com/Chrismessina/Status/223115412 [Access Date: March 23, 2023], August 23.
Milner, H. V. (2006). The Role of Political Institutions in Technology Diffusion. Comparative Political Studies, 39(2), 176–199.
Mitnick. (2023). 5 Examples of Top Social Engineering Attacks. Https://Www.Mitnicksecurity.Com/Blog/Top-Social-Engineering-Attacks [Access Date:Feb 26, 2023], Feb 22.
MitnickSecurity. (2022). Uber Data Breach: What To Know About the 2022 Cybersecurity Attack. Https://Www.Mitnicksecurity.Com/Blog/Uber-Data-Breach[Access Date:May 27, 2023], Oct 3.
Mitrou, L., Janssen, M., & Loukis, E. (2022). Human Control and Discretion in AI-driven Decision-making in Government. ACM(Association for Computing Machinery) Digital Library, ICEGOV ’21: Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Theory and Practice of Electronic GovernanceOctober 2021 Pages 10, October.
Modgil, S., Kumar, R., Shivam, S., & Denis, G. (2021). A Confirmation Bias View on Social Media Induced Polarisation During. Information Systems Frontiers, 0123456789. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10796-021-10222-9
MongoDB. (n.d.). Unstructured Data. Https://Www.Mongodb.Com/Unstructured-Data [Access Date:Feb 20,2023].
Morris, J. (2021). Simulacra in the Age of Social Media: Baudrillard as the Prophet of Fake News. Journal of Communication Inquiry, 45(4), 319–336. https://doi.org/10.1177/0196859920977154
Mueller, R. S. (2019). Key Findings of the Mueller Report. U.S. Dep’t of Justice, Report On The Investigation Into Russian Interference In The 2016 Election, I, 1–5.
Munson, O. (2022). What is a meme? They can be funny and cute or full of misinformation. USA Today, October 13.
Mynet. (2013). Redhack nedir? Redhack Team ne görev yapar? Https://Www.Mynet.Com/Redhack-Nedir-Redhack-Team-Ne-Gorev-Yapar-110100701938[Erişim Tarihi:Mayıs 27,2023], Haziran 11.
NCSL. (2020). Digital Political Ads. National Conference of State Legislatures.
Negroponte, N. (1995). Being digital. In Hodder@Stoughton (First Edit, Vol. 21, Issue 4). Hodder@Stoughton.
Neoreach. (n.d.). Top 10 Viral Social Media Campaigns. Https://Neoreach.Com/Top-Viral-Social-Media-Campaigns/ [Access Date:February 16,2023].
Nergiz, B., & Düşükcan, M. (2019). Örgütsel Çatışma ve Örgüt İçi Çatışmaların Yönetilmesinde Moderasyon Tekniklerin Kullanılması. Fırat Üniversitesi Uluslararası İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Dergisi, 3(1), 150–173.
NetApp. (2018). What Is Unstructured Data? Https://Www.Netapp.Com/Data-Storage/Unstructured-Data/What-Is-Unstructured-Data/#:~:Text=Unstructured%20simply%20means%20that%20it,Or%20a%20non%2Dtextual%20format. [Access Date:Feb 20,2023].
Newnham, J., & Bell, P. (2012). Social Network Media and Political Activism: A Growing Challenge for Law Enforcement. Journal of Policing, Intelligence and Counter Terrorism, 7(1), 36–50.
Nicholas, J., & Gross, K. (2010). US 2015 / 0334785 A1 Patent Application Publication. U.S. Patent.
Nie, N. H., Verba, S., & Jae-on, K. (1974). Political Participation and the Life Cycle. Comparative Politics, 6(3), 319–340. https://doi.org/papers2://publication/uuid/FD06B48D-3E47-42F2-9D1C-E3ED933D7AA6
Norris, P. (2003). Digital Divide: Civic Engagement, Information Poverty and the Internet World-Wide. Info - The Journal of Policy, Regulation and Strategy for Telecommunications, 5(1), 77–78. https://doi.org/10.1108/146366903322008287
Nott, L. (2020a). Political Advertising on Social Media Platforms. ABA Groups Civil Rights and Social Justice Publications, Human Rights Magazine, 45(3).
Nott, L. (2020b). Political Advertising on Social Media Platforms. Human Rights Magazine,ABA Groups Civil Rights and Social Justice Publications, 45(3).
NTV. (2017). Danimarka teknoloji devlerine ‘Dijital Büyükelçi’ atayacak. Https://Www.Ntv.Com.Tr/Teknoloji/Teknoloji-Devlerine-Dijital-Buyukelci,9Cz4VZPzHk-DSvn6GJfkVA [Erişim Tarihi:10.3.2023].
Numinar. (2021). We turn your data into votes. Https://Numinar.Com [Access Date:March 10,2023].
NyTimes. (2018). Cambridge Analytica and Facebook: The Scandal and the Fallout So Far. NewYork Times, 2018,04/04.
Office, C. (2023). Society 5.0. Https://Www8.Cao.Go.Jp/Cstp/English/Society5_0/in Dex.Html [Access Date: February 10,2023].
Ognyanova, K., Lazer, D., Robertson, R. E., & Wilson, C. (2020). Misinformation in action: Fake news exposure is linked to lower trust in media, higher trust in government when your side is in power. Harvard Kennedy School Misinformation Review, 1(4), 1–19. https://doi.org/10.37016/mr-2020-024
Onay, C. Z., & Kıylıoğlu, L. (2022). Türkiye'de Medya Okuryazarlığının Dini Boyutu:Sosyo-Psikolojik Değerlendirme. Kültür Araştırmaları Dergisi, 15, 321–340.
Ore, D. (2022). Analysis: Mexico data hack exposes government cybersecurity vulnerability. Https://Www.Reuters.Com/World/Americas/Mexico-Data-Hack-Exposes-Government-Cybersecurity-Vulnerability-2022-10-01/ [March 20, 2023], Oct 1.
Oremus, W., & Schaffer, A. (2023). Social media can be polarizing. A new type of algorithm aims to change that. The Washington Post, January 11.
Orman, T. F. (2015). Jacques Derrida Düşüncesinde “Dil.” Kilikya Felsefe Dergisi, 2(1), 61–81. https://doi.org/10.5840/kilikya2015215
Orofino, M. (2015). The web 2.0 and its impact on relations between citizens and political representatives. Media Laws, Nov 17.
Osmundsen, M., Petersen, M. B., & Bor, A. (2021). How partisan polarization drives the spread of fake news. Brokings, Https://Www.Brookings.Edu/Techstream/How-Partisan-Polarization-Drives-the-Spread-of-Fake-News/ [Access Date:February 12,2023].
Owen, D. (2017). The New Media’s Role in Politics. BBVA OpenMind.
Özdemir, Ş. (2020). Post- Panoptikon Çağı: Gözetimin Dijitalleşmesi ve Çevrimiçi Kimliğin Gizliliği Üzerine Bir Analiz. Anadolu Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 20(3), 81–108. https://doi.org/10.18037/ausbd.801849
Özkan, A. (n.d.). Siyasal İletişim. Tübitak Yayınları.
Özmen, Y. P. (2022a). Dijital Çağda Siyasal Katılım: Toplumsal Hareketler ve Siyasi Partiler. Mülkiye Dergisi, 46(3), 767–793.
Özmen, Y. P. (2022b). Dijital Çağda Siyasal Katılım: Toplumsal Hareketler ve Siyasi Partiler. Mülkiye Dergisi Mülkiyeliler Birliği Genel Merkezi Yayın Organı, Ankara, 46(3).
Özsoy, D. (2017). Digital divide in Turkey as a non-western country. In Routledge.
Öztürk, L. (2002). Dijital Uçurumun Küresel Boyutları. Https://Dergipark.Org.Tr/Tr/Download/Article-File/556778 [Erişim Tarihi: Mart 11, 2023].
Paletz, D., Owen, D., & Cook, T. (2016). Public Opinion in the Information Age. In American Government and Politics in the Information Age American Government and Politics in the Information Age.
Pariser, E. (2011). The Filter Bubble: What the Internet Is Hiding from You. Penguin Press,New York.
Park, H. L. (2007a). Internet effects on political participation: Digital Divide, causality, and New Digital Divide. ProQuest Dissertations and Theses, Purdue University,Indiana, USA. http://search.proquest.com/docview/304834820?accountid=14744%5Cnhttp://fama.us.es/search*spi/i?SEARCH=%5Cnhttp://pibserver.us.es/gtb/usuario_acceso.php?centro=$USEG¢ro=%24USEG&d=1
Park, H. L. (2007b). Internet Effects on Political Participation: Digital Divide, Causality and New Digital Divide. PhD Thesis, Purdue University, Indiana.
Parker, M. (2022). Exploring the Potential of AI in Government Decision-Making. Https://Www.Albany.Edu/News-Center/News/2022-Exploring-Potential-Ai-Government-Decision-Making [Access Date: Feb 21,2023], Dec. 1.
Patel, J., Manetti, M., Mendelsohn, M., Mills, S., Felden, F., Littig, L., & Rocha, M. (2021). AI Brings Science to the Art of Policymaking. BCG (Boston Consulting Group), April 5, 1–14.
Paul, C., & Matthews, M. (2017). The Russian “Firehose of Falsehood” Propaganda Model: Why It Might Work and Options to Counter It. The Russian “Firehose of Falsehood” Propaganda Model: Why It Might Work and Options to Counter It. https://doi.org/10.7249/pe198
Paul, R., & Elder, L. (2008). The Miniature Guide to Critical Thinking Concepts and Tools. Foundation for Critical Thinking Press.
Pavlovic, D. (2021). 10 Simple Steps to Take Right Now to Protect Your Privacy Online. Https://Www.Hp.Com/Us-En/Shop/Tech-Takes/How-to-Protect-Your-Privacy-Online [Access Date:Feb 25,2023], Sep 24.
PBS. (2019). Inside the Mueller report, a sophisticated Russian interference campaign. Https://Www.Pbs.Org/Newshour/Show/inside-the-Mueller-Report-a-Sophisticated-Russian-Interference-Campaign [Access Date: Feb 22, 2023], Jun 3.
PDC. (n.d.). Political Advertising Guide. Https://Www.Pdc.Wa.Gov/Rules-Enforcement/Guidelines-Restrictions/Political-Advertising-Guide [Access Date: Feb 21, 2023].
Peele, J. (2023). Obama Deep Fake. Https://Ars.Electronica.Art/Center/En/Obama-Deep-Fake/ [Access Date:May 13, 2023].
Pembecioğlu, E., Gündüz, U., & Akın, A. (2021). Medya ve Bilgi Kirliliği. Tıp Bilişimi, 1035–1093. https://doi.org/10.26650/b/et07.2021.003.41
Peralta, A., & Bldg, A. (2017). The impact of election fraud on government performance. Measurements Better: Better Data for Better Decisions. https://www.aeaweb.org/joe/candidates/view_file.php?==QP9cHZCBHWZ9mV6FGVWxGVXplRlZlREZFVKFjVOpFbSFHZsNGezJjVIZlaNdFZuZVRxsGVxMGMZFjSGJ2TCRkWypFbVNlTqVFcwFTYWhWVNdXSxM1UGpmV
Peters, U. (2022). Algorithmic Political Bias in Artificial Intelligence Systems. Philosophy & Technology, 35(25), 1–23. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13347-022-00512-8
Pew. (2022). Misinformation Online. Pew Research Center Internet & Technology.
Pigeon-Studio. (2022). How many views is viral? What makes a video viral?-Basics. Https://Studiopigeon.Com/Blog/How-Many-Views-Is-Viral-What-Makes-a-Video-Viral/ [Accesds Date:February 16,2023].
Pimentel, H. (2021). Should the government play a role in reducing algorithmic bias? Https://Www.Brookings.Edu/Events/Should-the-Government-Play-a-Role-in-Reducing-Algorithmic-Bias/ [Access Date:February 11, 2023], March.
Poindexter, C., Goel, D., Wen, J., Goldbeck, J., Leperi, P., Ellis, S., Eakin, B., Radjapova, G., Trapani, M., Featherly-Bean, W., & Winston, Z. (2020). 2020 Political Digital Adverstising Report:How Covid, Massive Fundraising, And The Culture War Played Out Online, Up And Down The Ballot. Tech for Campaign.
Polat, R. K. (2005). The internet and political participation : Exploring the explanatory links. European Journal of Communication, 20(4), 435–459. https://doi.org/10.1177/0267323105058251
Polat, R. K. (2012). Digital exclusion in Turkey: A policy perspective. Government Information Quarterly, 29(4). https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0740624X12000950%0AFebruary 10, 2023]
Poulsen, K., & Evans, M. (2021). The Ruthless Hackers Behind Ransomware Attacks on U.S. Hospitals: ‘They Do Not Care.’ The Wall Street Journal, June 10.
Princewill, N., & Busari, S. (2021). Nigeria bans Twitter after company deletes President Buhari’s tweet. CNN, Jun 5.
Psychology-Today. (n.d.). Body Positivity: Concepts and Critiques. Psychology Today, USA, Https://Www.Psychologytoday.Com/Us/Basics/Body-Positivity [Access Date:February 20,2023].
Puertas-Hidalgo, R., Mora-Romero, K., & Carpio-Jimenez, L. (2018). Facebook as a political communication 2.0 tool subject study: Official accounts of the presidencies of Latin America. 13th Iberian Conference on Information Systems and Technologies (CISTI), Caceres, Spain, 2018, Pp. 1-7, Doi: 10.23919/CISTI.2018.8399448.
Purcell, K., & Smith, A. (2011). The Social Side of the Internet. In Pew Research Center Internet & Technology.
Radaar. (2021). Sosyal medya içeriklerinizi daha görünür kılın... Https://Www.Radaar.Io/Tr/Ozellikler-38/Etiket-Yoneticisi-2217/ [Erişim Tarihi: Şubat 26, 2023].
Radunich, J. (2022). Digital Illiteracy Is a Rising Threat. A New Department of Education Program Seeks Solutions. Edweek, March 11.
Rainie, L., & Anderson, J. (2017). Code Dependent: Pros and Cons of the Algorithm Age. Pew Research Center, February, 87.
RAND. (2016). Digital Polarization Initiative. Https://Www.Rand.Org/Research/Projects/Truth-Decay/Fighting-Disinformation/Search/Items/Digital-Polarization-Initiative.Html [ACCESS DATE:FEBRUARY 11, 2023).
Rasser, M. (2021). The case for an alliance of Techno-Democracies. Digital Frontiers, Oct 19.
Ray, A. (2020). Investigative documentary says 2016 US election was exposed to fraud. Business Standard, Nov 3.
Ray, M. (2023). My Lai Massacre. Encyclopedia Britannica,Https://Www.Britannica.Com/Event/My-Lai-Massacre [Access Date: March 30,2023], March 30.
Ray, S. (2022). Social Engineering: How A Teen Hacker Allegedly Managed To Breach Both Uber And Rockstar Games. Forbes,Https://Www.Forbes.Com/Sites/Siladityaray/2022/09/20/Social-Engineering-How-a-Teen-Hacker-Allegedly-Managed-to-Breach-Both-Uber-and-Rockstar-Games/?Sh=3ac201b451c1 [Access Date:May 27,2023], Sep 20.
Rehagen, T. (2020). Welcome to Post-Truth America. Boston College Magazine, Summer.
Reilly, J. (2022). Akkio Helps Sterling Strategies Target the Right Donors. Https://Www.Akkio.Com/Post/Case-Study-the-next-Level-of-Fundraising [Access Date:March 10, 2023].
Reinsel, D., Gantz, J., & Rydning, J. (2018). The Digitization of the World - From Edge to Core. Framingham: International Data Corporation, November, US44413318. https://www.seagate.com/files/www-content/our-story/trends/files/idc-seagate-dataage-whitepaper.pdf
Rheingold, H. (1993). The Virtual Community. The Electronic Version of The Virtual Community.
Ringe, N., & Rennó, L. (2022). Populists And Pandemic:How Populists Around the World Responded to COVID- 19. In Populists and the Pandemic: How Populists Around the World Responded to Covid- 19. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003197614
Riskrecon. (2023). Five lessons from 1 , 000 destructive ransomware events Managing the risk of ransomware in the supply chain. Https://Www.Riskrecon.Com/Thank-You-Five-Lessons-from-Ransomware-Attacks?SubmissionGuid=b1922562-Ab91-41b6-9f25-73d68a96343c [Access Date:March 18,2023].
Roberts, D. (2010). Post-truth politics. Grist, Https://Grist.Org/Article/2010-03-30-Post-Truth-Politics/[Acees Date:April 7, 2023], April 10.
Robles-Morales, J. M., & Córdoba-Hernández, A. M. (2019). Digital Political Participation, Social Networks and Big Data Disintermediation in the Era of Web 2.0. Palgrave MacMillan.
Rogers, R. (2009). Digital Methods. Vossiuspers UvA, Amsterdam,. https://doi.org/10.7551/mitpress/8718.001.0001
Romero, R. C. (2018). Digital Democracy: Sentiment Analysis in a Polarized Multi-Party Political Context. European Consortium for Political Research, ECPR General Conference Hamburg, 22-25 August, 2018.
Roos, J., & Said, R. (2019). Transparency and Responsibility in Artificial Intelligence. Deloitte.
Roth, K. (2022). How Democracy Can Defeat Autocracy. Human Rights Watch, Jan 14.
Rozikin, A. (2023). Dijital Politics and Democracy. Https://Www.Frontiersin.Org/Research-Topics/47107/Digital-Politics-and- Democracy#overview [Access Date:February 7,2023].
Sabatini, C., & Krasodomski, A. (2023). No TitleDigital politics threatens democracy and must change. Chatnam House.
Salmon, B. (2021). Artificial intelligence and transparency in the public sector. Lexolopgy, Jan. 6.
Salmon, P. (2020). A Biography of Jacques Derrida. In Verso Books.
Sancar, N. (2022). Veri toplama ve sayma işi siyasi mücadele konusu haline geldi. Diken, Nisan 16.
Sanchez, G. R., Middlemass, K., & Rodriguez, A. (2022). Misinformation is eroding the public’s confidence in democracy. Brookings, July 26.
Sanchez, W. A. (2018). The rise of the tech ambassador. Diplomatic Courier, March 23.
Sanders, C. K., & Scanlon, E. (2021). The Digital Divide Is a Human Rights Issue: Advancing Social Inclusion Through Social Work Advocacy. Journal of Human Rights and Social Work, 6, 130–143.
Sarıipek, D. B. (2006). Sosyal Politika Açısından Sosyal Vatandaşlık. Çalışma ve Toplum, 67–95.
Satter, R., Bing, C., & Schectman, J. (2020). EXCLUSIVE-Russian hackers targeted California, Indiana Democratic parties. Https://Www.Reuters.Com/Article/Usa-Election-Cyber-Russia-IdUSL1N2HK2II [Access Date: May 8, 2023], Oct 30.
Saygın, O. (2021). GDPR Kapsamında Algoritmik Şeffaflık. CottGroup, ^30 Temmuz.
Scharre, P., & Curtis, L. (2020). Shaping a techno-democratic future. National Security College Futures Hub.
Schindler, S. (2020). The task of critique in times of post-truth politics. Review of International Studies, 46(3), 1–19. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0260210520000091
Schleffer, G., & Miller, B. (2021). The Political Effects of Social Media Platforms on Different Regime Types. Texas National Security Review, 4(3), 78–103.
Schor-Chudnovskaya, A., & Benetka, G. (2021). Post-Truth. In Neofelis Verlag (in German).
Schroeck, M., Kawamura, J., Kwan, A., Stefanita, C., & Sharma, D. (2019). Digital industrial transformation in the age of Industry 4.0. Deloitte Insights, 10. https://www2.deloitte.com/us/en/insights/focus/industry-4-0/digital-industrial-transformation-industrial-internet-of-things.html
Schwartz, I. (2016). George Will: “Post-Factual Politics” From Campaign Still Exists, Nixon More of a Statesman Than Current Leadership". RealClearPolitics.Com [Access Date:November 8, 2017].
Scott, M. (2019). Cambridge Analytica did work for Brexit groups, says ex-staffer. Politico, July 30.
Scriven, M., & Paul, R. (1987). National Council for Excellence in Critical Thinking. 8th Annual International Conference on Critical Thinking and Education Reform, Summer 1987.
Seneca, C. (2020). How to Break Out of Your Social Media Echo Chamber. Wired, Sep 17.
Şener, T. (2022). Dijital Siyaset ve Siyasal Katılımın Yeni Bir Boyutu Olarak e-Katılım. Siyasal iletişimde dijitalleşme, Eğitim Yayınevi, İstanbul.
SEP. (2022). Critical Thinking. Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy.
Serrano, T. (n.d.). The Anatomy of a Viral Social Media Post: Best Practices and How To Leverage It. Thrive, Https://Thriveagency.Com/News/the-Anatomy-of-a-Viral-Social-Media-Post-Best-Practices-and-How-to-Leverage-It/ [Access Date:February 16,2023].
Seyidov, I. (2021). “Büyük Verinin Gücü Adına”: Siyasal Kampanyalarda Etkili Veri Kullanımı. TRT Akademi, 6(11). https://doi.org/10.37679/trta.802534
Shahbaz, A. (2018). The Rise of Digital Authoritarianism. Frredom House.
ShareAmerica. (2021). How technology can strengthen democracy. Https://Share.America.Gov/How-Technology-Can-Strengthen-Democracy/ [Access Date:Mar 10,2023], Nov 15.
Sharp, A. V. (2020). The Hyperreal Nature Of The Trump Administration's Post-Truth Thetoric. Master Thesis, University Od Dayton, Ohio, May.
Shehu, M. (2021). 6 Powerful Ways to Humanize Your Brand. Literal Humans, Feb 23.
Sia, A. C., Tan, B. C. Y., Wei, K., Bernard, C. S., & Wei, C. Y. T. K. (2002). Mediated Communication : Effects of Group Polarization and Computer Communication Cues , Social Presence , and Anonymity. Information Systems Research, 13(1), 70–90.
Sikder, O., Smith, R. E., Vivo, P., & Livan, G. (2020). A minimalistic model of bias, polarization and misinformation in social networks. Scientific Reports, 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-62085-w
Silverman, C. & T. P. I. (n.d.). Doğrulama El Kitabı. The American Copy Editors Society (ACES), Veri Doğrulama Rehberi, 6–114. https://teyit.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/dogrulama_el_kitabi-baski.pdf
Simpeng, A. (2021). Opposing Democracy in the Digital Age. In Opposing Democracy in the Digital Age-The Yellow Shirts in Thaland, University of Michigan Press.
Singh, M. (2021). Twitter restricts accounts in India to comply with government legal request. TechCrunch, June 8.
Sirbu, A., Pedreschi, D., Giannotti, F., & Kertesz, J. (2019). Algorithmic bias amplifies opinion fragmentation and polarization : A bounded confidence model. PLoS ONE, 14(3), 1–20.
Smith, A. (2013a). Civic engagement in the digital age. Pew Internet & American Life Project, 1–11. http://www.ca-ilg.org/sites/main/files/file-attachments/pew_civicengagementinthedigitalage.pdf
Smith, A. (2013b). www.pewresearch.org Civic Engagement in the Digital Age Summary of Findings. Pew Research Center, April 25.
Smith, A., Schlozman, K. L., Verba, S., & Brady, H. (2009). The Demographics of Online and Offline Political Participation. Pew Research Center, Https://Www.Pewresearch.Org/Internet/2009/09/01/the-Demographics-of-Online-and-Offline-Political-Participation/ [Access Date: March 12, 2023], Sep 1.
Smith, C. S. (2022). How Artificial Intelligence Swayed The Midterm Elections - And Will Become A Permanent Feature Of Democracy. Forbes, Dec 2.
Smith, D. (2016). Hacktivists Using SQL Injections to Target Government Data. Https://Blog.Radware.Com/Security/2016/05/Hacktivists-Using-Sql-Injections-to-Target-Government-Data/ [Access Data: May 8, 2023], May 10.
Smith, R. E. (2019). My social media feeds look different from yours and it’s driving political polarization. USA Today (September 2).
Soetekouw, L., & Angelopoulos, S. (2022). Digital Resilience Through Training Protocols : Learning To Identify Fake News On Social Media. Information Systems Frontiers, 0123456789. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10796-021-10240-7
Spohr, D. (2017). Fake news and ideological polarization: Filter bubbles and selective exposure on social media. Sage Journals, 34(3).
Srs, H. (1995). Forum Demokrasi (Democratic Forum) : An Intellectuals’ Response to the State and Political Islam. Studia Islamika, Indonesian Journal for Islamic Studies, 2(4), 161–182. https://doi.org/10.15408/sdi.v2i4.825
Stalinsky, S. (2004). A Vast Conspiracy Nothing funny about this top-ten list. Middle East Media Research Institute., Https://Web.Archive.Org/Web/20131004220251/Http://Old.Nationalreview.Com/Comment/Stalinsky200405060835.Asp [Access Date: May 13, 2023], May 6, 4–5.
Stallman, R. (2013). How Much Surveillance Can Democracy Withstand? Wired.
StartupCaucus. (2020). Numinar Wins Pollie Award for AI-Powered Technology. Https://Startupcaucus.Com/Updates/Numinar-Wins-Pollie-Award-for-Ai-Powered-Technology [Access Date: March 10, 2023], April 2.
Steart, J. (2019). Netflix’s “The Great Hack” highlights Cambridge Analytica’s role in Trinidad & Tobago elections. Global Voices, August 6.
Sterling. (n.d.). AI-Driven Donor Acquisition For Fundraising. Https://Sterlingdatacompany.Com [Access Date: March 10,2023].
Susarla, A. (2021). Some thoughts on social media, political polarization and regulation of digital platforms. Linkedin.
Tambini, D. (2017). Internet and Electoral Campaign: Study on the use of internet in electoral campaigns. Council of Europe Study.
TASAM. (2008). Siyasal İletişimde İnternet Kullanımı : Türkiye Ve ABD’deki Siyasal Partilerin Web Sitelerinin Karşılaştırmalı Analizi. Https://Tasam.Org/Tr-TR/Icerik/830/Siyasal_iletisimde_internet_kullanimi_turkiye_ve_abddeki_siyasal_partilerin_web_sitelerinin_karsilastirmali_analizi [Erişim Tarihi:26 Şubat 2023], Mart 29.
Taşmurat, T. (2019). Siyasal iletişim süreci ve siyasal mesaj stratejileri. Uluslararası Toplum ve Kültür Çalışmaları Dergisi, 2, 64–79.
Tatar, D. (2020). Komplo Teorisinin “Başka Bir Dünya” Arzusu ve Edebî Komplolar. Birikim Dergisi, 4 Mayıs 2020.
Tavares, M. C., Azevedo, G., & Marques, R. P. (2022). The Challenges and Opportunities of Era 5.0 for a More Humanistic and Sustainable Society—A Literature Review. Societies, 12(6), 1–21. https://doi.org/10.3390/soc12060149
Techopedia. (2018). Filter Bubble. Https://Www.Techopedia.Com/Definition/28556/Filter-Bubble [Access Date:February 11, 2023).
TechTarget. (n.d.). Hacktivism. Https://Www.Techtarget.Com/Searchsecurity/Definition/Hacktivism [Access Date:February 17, 2023].
TechTarget. (2021). Filter bubble. Https://Www.Techtarget.Com/Whatis/Definition/Filter-Bubble [Access Date:February 11,2023).
TechTerm. (2011). Viral. Https://Techterms.Com/Definition/Viral.
Tedapp. (2022). Katılımcı demokrasi için eşsiz bir teknoloji desteği. Https://Tedapp.Net [Erişim Tarihi:Mart 11, 2023].
Terranova. (2022). 9 Examples of Social Engineering Attacks. Https://Terranovasecurity.Com/Examples-of-Social-Engineering-Attacks/ [Access Date:Feb 26, 2023], Oct 7.
Tessian. (2022). 15 Examples of Real Social Engineering Attacks. Https://Www.Tessian.Com/Blog/Examples-of-Social-Engineering-Attacks/ [Access Date: Feb 26,2023], Feb 7.
Theocharis, Y., Cardenal, A., & Štětka, V. (2021). Does the platform matter? Social media and COVID-19 conspiracy theory beliefs in 17 countries. Sage Journals.
Thiele, L. P., & Radu, R. (2021). The Politics of Digital Media. Frontiers in Political Science.
Thomas, D. (2019). What is the digital age? Https://Www.Ventivtech.Com/Blog/What-Is-the-Digital-Age [Access Date:February 9, 2023], 1–23.
Tiemann-Kollipost, J. (2020a). Political Participation in the Digital Age-An Ethnographic Comparison Between Iceland and Germany.
Tiemann-Kollipost, J. (2020b). Political Participation in the Digital Age An Ethnographic Comparison Between Iceland and Germany. In Digital Society,TranskriptVerlag, Belefeld.
Toffler, A. (2008). Üçüncü dalga. In Koridor yayıncılık,İstanbul (p. 544). http://www.dr.com.tr/Kitap/Ucuncu-Dalga/Alvin-Toffler/Egitim-Basvuru/Is-Ekonomi-Hukuk/Ekonomi/urunno=0000000284121
Törnberg, P. (2022). How digital media drive affective polarization through partisan sorting. PNAS, October.
Trappel, J. (2019). Digital Media Inequalities-Policies Against Divides, Distrust and Discrimination. In Nordicom, Göteborg.
Tübitak. (2015). Yeni Medya Çalışmaları II. Ulusal Kongre Kitabı. In B. Özçetin, C. Sözeri, İ. Sayımer, İ. İnceoğlu, P. Ö. Emre, & T. Çomu (Eds.), Yeni Medya Çalışmaları II. Ulusal Kongre Kitabı. TÜBİTAK.
Tunçlar, E. T. (2022). Sosyal Mühendislik Nedir (Social Engineering)? Turkcell, Aralık 27.
Türkkahraman, M., & Tutar, H. (2009). Sosyal değişme,bütünleşme ve çözülme bağlamında toplumda farklı kültür ve anlayışların yeri ve önemi. Alanya İşletme Fakültesi Dergisi1, 1(1).
Twitter. (2023). Sevgili Rus Dostlarımız. Https://Twitter.Com/i/Web/Status/1656705798557384727 [Erişim Tarihi: Mayıs 13, 2023].
UK-Parliament. (2023). Voting systems in the UK. Https://Www.Parliament.Uk/about/How/Elections-and-Voting/Voting-Systems/ [Access Date: March 6, 2023].
Ulakbim. (n.d.-a). Veri toplama araçları. TÜBİTAK.
Ulakbim. (n.d.-b). Verinin anonimleştirilmesi. Https://Acikveri.Ulakbim.Gov.Tr/Acik-Veri-Acik-Bilim/Bolum-3-Veri-Isleme/3-4-Verinin-Anonimlestirilmesi/ [25 Şubat 2023].
Uluç, G., & Yarcı, A. (2017). Sosyal Medya Kültürü Culture of Social Media. Dumlupınar Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 52, 2–8.
Unicef Report. (2018). Growing up in a digital world: benefits and risks. The Lancet Child & Adolescent Health, Https://Gdc.Unicef.Org/Resource/Growing-Digital-World-Benefits-and-Risks February 10, 2023].
United States. Senate Committee on Intelligence. (2020). Report on Russian Active Measures Campaigns and Interference in the 2016 U.S. Election - Volume 5: Counterintelligence Threats and Vulnerabilities. Https://Www.Intelligence.Senate.Gov/Sites/Default/Files/Documents/Report_volume5.Pdf [Access Date:Feb22,2023], 5, 67. https://www.intelligence.senate.gov/sites/default/files/documents/report_volume5.pdf
Ünver, H. A. (n.d.). Büyük veri ve Enformasyon Siyaseti. In https://panorama.khas.edu.tr/uploads/pdf/buyuk-veri-ve-enformasyon-siyaseti.pdf [Erişim Tarihi:Şubat 27, 2023].
Up-Magazine. (2017). Post-truth, the age of indifference. Https://Up-Magazine.Info/En/Decryptages/Analyses/6381-Post-Verite-l-Ere-de-l-Indifference/ [Access Date: Marc 2, 2023], Jan 20.
Ura, J. D., & Ellis, C. R. (2012). Partisan Moods: Polarization and the Dynamics of Mass Party Preferences. The Journal of Politics, 74(1), 277–291.
Uscinski, J. (Ed. . (2018). Conspiracy Theories and the People Who Believe Them. (New York, 2018; Online Edn, Oxford Academic, 20 Dec. 2018), Https://Doi.Org/, Accessed 23 Feb. 2023., Dec.
Uslu, C. (2022). Keskin Siyasi Kutuplaşma ve Demokratik Siyasete Olumsuz Etkileri. Ankara Hacı Bayram Veli Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 4(2), 556–581.
Vaccari, C., & Valeriani, A. (2018). Digital Political Talk and Political Participation: Comparing Established and Third Wave Democracies. SAGE Open, 8(2). https://doi.org/10.1177/2158244018784986
Vaccari, C., & Valeriani, A. (2021). Political Participation in the Digital Age. In Outside the Bubble: Social Media and Political Participation in Western Democracies, Oxford Academic.
Valenzuela, S., Kim, Y., & Gil De Zúñiga, H. (2012). Social networks that matter: Exploring the role of political discussion for online political participation. International Journal of Public Opinion Research, 24(2), 163–184. https://doi.org/10.1093/ijpor/edr037
van Dijk, T. A. (1997). What is Political Discourse Analysis? Belgian Journal of Linguistics, 11, 11–52. https://doi.org/10.1075/bjl.11.03dij
Vattamattam, S. (n.d.). Post-truth and the Return of Fascism. Philarchive.
Verba, S., & Nie, N. H. (1972). Participation in America, Political Democracy and Social Equality,. Herper and Raw, NewYork.
Verma, N. (2022). Political Marketing – 5 Incredible Campaign Examples You Should Learn From. Callhub, Apr 4.
Vorobiova, A. (2022). The Digital Age: The Era We All Are Living In. Https://Dzone.Com/Articles/the-Digital-Age-the-Era-We-All-Are-Living-in-and-d [Access Date: February 10, 2023], 1–23.
Vromen, A., Xenos, M. A., & Loader, B. (2015). Young people, social media and connective action: from organisational maintenance to everyday political talk. Journal of Youth Studies, 18(1), 80–100. https://doi.org/10.1080/13676261.2014.933198
Walker, J. (2013). The United States of Paranoia: A Conspiracy Theory. Excerpt and Text Search Archived 12 May 2019 at the Wayback Machine.
Wamsley, L. (2020). Your Technology Is Tracking You. Take These Steps For Better Online Privacy. NPR, Oct 13.
Wardle, & Derakhshan, H. (2017). Information Disorder: Toward an interdisciplinary framework for research and policy making. Strasbourg, France: Council of Europe.
Warner, B. R., McGowen, S. T., & Hawthorne, J. (2012). Limbaugh’s Social Media Nightmare: Facebook and Twitter as Spaces for Political Action. Journal of Radio and Audio Media, 19(2), 257–275. https://doi.org/10.1080/19376529.2012.722479
WEF. (2022). What happens when the internet shuts down? Internet Governance, Oct 20.
Weidmann, N. B., Benitez-Baleato, S., Hunziker, P., Glatz, E., & Dimitropoulos, X. (2016). Digital discrimination: Political bias in Internet service provision across ethnic groups. Science, 353(6304), 1151–1155. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aaf5062
Wellman, B., Quan Haase, A., Witte, J., & Hampton, K. (2001). Does the Internet Increase, Decrease, or Supplement Social Capital ? “The Internet in Everyday Life” American Behavioral Scientist, 45(December).
West, D. M. (2022). Six steps to responsible AI in the Federal Government-An overview and reccommendations from the U.S. experience. Brookings Report, March 30.
Wight, C. (2013). Post-Truth, Postmodernismand Alternative Facts. NewPerspectives, 26(3), 17–30.
Wikipedia. (n.d.). Misinformation. Https://En.Wikipedia.Org/Wiki/Misinformation [Access Date:February 11,2023).
Witte, B., Rautenberg, K., & Auer, C. (2010). Web 2.0 in political party communication – structural changes in Germany? In Open Edition Books, Entre communautés et mobilité : une approche interdisciplinaire des médias. Presses des Mines. doi:10.4000/books.pressesmines.685.
Wollacott, Ma. (2023). What is Political Discourse Analysis? Language Humanities, Feb 5.
Woolf, N. (2016). DDoS attack that disrupted internet was largest of its kind in history, experts say. Https://Www.Theguardian.Com/Technology/2016/Oct/26/Ddos-Attack-Dyn-Mirai-Botnet [Access Date:May 8,2023], Oct 26.
Yaraş, Z., & Öztürk, F. K. (2022). Society 5.0 in Human Technology Integration: Digital Transformation in Educational Organizations. International Journal of Progressive Education, 18(1), 0–3. https://doi.org/10.29329/ijpe.2022.426.26
YeniŞafak. (2023). Trollerin gece mesaisi. Https://Www.Yenisafak.Com/Gundem/Trollerin-Gece-Mesaisi-4530292 [Erişim Tarihi: Mayıs 13, 2023].
Yildiz, M. (2009). Digital Divide in Turkey: A General Assessment. In Handbook of Research on Overcoming Digital Divides : Constructing an Equitable and Competitive Information Society (Issue January 2009). https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-60566-699-0.ch005
Yıldırım, P. (2020). How Social Media Is Shaping Political Campaigns. Knowledge at Wharton Podcast, Https://Knowledge.Wharton.Upenn.Edu/Podcast/Knowledge-at-Wharton-Podcast/How-Social-Media-Is-Shaping-Political- Campaigns/ [Access Date: February 16,2023].
Yılmaz, A., & Geylani, D. (2021). Post-Truth(Hakikat Sonrası), Global Siyaset ve Türkiye:Metodolojik Yaklaşım. In Teoriden Pratiğe Türkiye Siyaseti,Liberte Yayınları, İstanbul (pp. 15–52).
Zabalo, J., Filibi, I., Escajedo, L., & Atalaia, B. (2023). Made-to-Measure Future(s) for Democracy? In Springer. https://link.springer.com/10.1007/978-3-031-08608-3
Zao-Sanders, M. (2018). How to Think for Yourself When Algorithms Control What You Read. Harward Business Review, March 18.
Zúñiga, H. G. De, & Editors, H. C. G. (2019). Digital Media and Politics : Effects of the Great Information and Communication Divides Digital Media and Politics : Effects of the Great Information and Communication Divides. Journal of Broadcasting & Electronic Media, 63(3), 365–373. https://doi.org/10.1080/08838151.2019.1662019
Yayınlanan
Lisans
LisansBu İnternet Sitesi içeriğinde yer alan tüm eserler (yazı, resim, görüntü, fotoğraf, video, müzik vb.) Akademisyen Kitabevine ait olup, 5846 sayılı Fikir ve Sanat Eserleri Kanunu ve 5237 sayılı Türk Ceca Kanunu kapsamında korunmaktadır. Bu hakları ihlal eden kişiler, 5846 sayılı Fikir ve Sanat eserleri Kanunu ve 5237 sayılı Türk Ceza Kanununda yer alan hukuki ve cezai yaptırımlara tabi olurlar. Yayınevi ilgili yasal yollara başvurma hakkına sahiptir.