Venöz Yetmezlik Cerrahisi
Özet
Kronik venöz yetmezlik tedavisinde nontermal yöntemlerin en büyük avantajı hem uygulayan hekim için hemde hasta için tümesan anestezei ihtiyacının olmamasıdır. Daha öncede gösterildiği gibi termal teknikler ile orta vadede benzer sonuçlara sahip olduğunu, sinir hasarını ve cilt sorunları açısından termal tekniklerden üstün olduğunu söylemek mümkündür. Spesifik olarak her nontermal yöntemlerinin kendine özgü avantaj yada dezavantajı vardır. Bu Tablo-1’de gösterilmiştir. Teknolojinin avantajı ile nontermal tekniklerin daha fazla yaygınlaşarak hak ettiği yeri bulacağına inanıyoruz. Bunun için daha fazla araştırma ve gözlemsel çalışmalara ihtiyaç duyulmaktadır.
Referanslar
Ann Vasc Surg 2010; 24: 426-432 DOI: 10.1016/j.avsg.2009.07.035
Jones WHS. Hippocrates with an English translation. London: William Heinemann, 1923.
Trendelenburg F. Ueber die Unterbindung der Vena saphena magna bei unterschenkelvaricen. Beitr Klin Chir 1890;7: 195-210.
Keller WL. A new method of extirpating the internal saphenous and similar veins in varicose conditions. N Y Med J 1905;82:385.
van den Bremer J, Moll FL. Historical overview of varicose vein surgery. Ann Vasc Surg. 2010 Apr;24(3):426-32. doi: 10.1016/j.avsg.2009.07.035. Epub 2010 Feb 7. PMID: 20144527.
Eberhardt RT, Raffetto JD. Chronic venous insufficiency. Circulation. 2014;130:333–346.
Bergan JJ, Schmid-Schonbein GW, Smith PD, Nicolaides AN, Boisseau MR, Eklof B. Chronic venous disease. N Engl J Med. 2006;355:488–498.
Bergan JJ, Varicose veins, treatment by surgery and sclerotherapy. Rutherford RB (ed). Vascular surgery 2000;2007-2020
Michaels JA, Brazier JE, Campbell WB et al. Randomized clinical trial comparing surgery with conservative treatment for uncomplicated varicose veins. Br J Surg 2006; 93:175–81.
Souroullas P, Barnes R, Smith G, Nandhra S, Carradice D, Chetter I. The classic saphenofemoral junction and its anatomical variations. Phlebology. 2017 Apr;32(3):172-178. doi: 10.1177/0268355516635960. Epub 2016 Jul 9. PMID: 26924361.
Morrison C, Dalsing MC. Signs and symptoms of saphenous nerve injury after greater saphenous veins stripping: prevalence, severity and relevance for modem practice. J Vasc Surg 2003;38(5):886-90.
Holme JB, Skajaa K, Holme K. Incidence of lesions of the saphenous nerve after partial or complete stripping of the long saphenous vein. Acta Chir Scand. 1990;156:145–148.
Cheatle T. The long saphenous vein: to strip or not to strip? Semin Vasc Surg 2005;18(1): 10-4.
Sam RC, Silverman SH, Bradbury AW. Nerve injuries and varicose vein surgery. Eur J En- dovasc Surg 2004;27(2):113-20.
Bozkurt AK, editör. Periferik Arter ve Ven Hastalıkları Ulusal Tedavi Kılavuzu 2021, İstanbul: Bayçınar Tıbbi Yayıncılık; 2021.
Puggioni A, Kalra M, Gloviczki P. Superficial vein surgery and SEPS for chronic venous insufficiency. Semin Vasc Surg. 2005 Mar;18(1):41-8. doi: 10.1053/j.semvascsurg.2004.12.011. PMID: 15791553.
Neser RA, Caffaro RA. Invagination stripping with ultrasound-guided perivenous tumescence: an original method of great saphenous vein stripping. Dermatol Surg. 2011 Mar;37(3):349-52. doi: 10.1111/j.1524-4725.2011.01885.x. Epub 2011 Feb 22. PMID: 21342313.
Lin F, Zhang S, Sun Y, Ren S, Liu P. The management of varicose veins. Int Surg. 2015 Jan;100(1):185-9. doi: 10.9738/INTSURG-D-14-00084.1. PMID: 25594661; PMCID: PMC4301287.
Pittaluga P, Chastanet S. Persistent incompetent truncal veins should not be treated immediately. Phlebology. 2015 Mar;30(1 Suppl):98-106. doi: 10.1177/0268355515569141. PMID: 25729076.
Faccini FP, Ermini S, Franceschi C. CHIVA to treat saphenous vein insufficiency in chronic venous disease: characteristics and results. J Vasc Bras. 2019 Jan 30;18:e20180099. doi: 10.1590/1677-5449.009918. PMID: 31191629; PMCID: PMC6542318.
Almgren B, Eriksson E. Valvular incompetence in superficial, deep and perforator veins of limbs with varicose veins. Acta Chirurg Scand. 1990;156:69–74.
Winterborn RJ, Campbell WB, Heather BP, et al. The man- agement of short saphenous varicose veins: a survey of the members of the vascular surgical society of Great Britain and Ireland. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg. 2004;28:400–403.
O’Donnell TF Jr, Iafrati MD. The small saphenous vein and other ‘neglected’ veins of the popliteal fossa: a review. Phlebology. 2007;22:148–155.
Rashid HI, Ajeel A, Tyrrell MR. Persistent popliteal fossa reflux following saphenopopliteal disconnection. Br J Surg. 2002;89:748–751.
van Groenendael L, Flinkenflögel L, van der Vliet JA, Roovers EA, van Sterkenburg SM, Reijnen MM. Conventional surgery and endovenous laser ablation of recurrent varicose veins of the small saphenous vein: a retrospective clinical comparison and assessment of patient satisfaction. Phlebology. 2010 Jun;25(3):151-7. doi: 10.1258/phleb.2009.009044. PMID: 20483865.
Boersma D, Kornmann VN, van Eekeren RR, Tromp E, Ünlü Ç, Reijnen MM, de Vries JP. Treatment Modalities for Small Saphenous Vein Insufficiency: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. J Endovasc Ther. 2016 Feb;23(1):199-211. doi: 10.1177/1526602815616375. Epub 2015 Nov 12. PMID: 26564912.
Masuda E, Ozsvath K, Vossler J, Woo K, Kistner R, Lurie F, Monahan D, Brown W, Labropoulos N, Dalsing M, Khilnani N, Wakefield T, Gloviczki P. The 2020 appropriate use criteria for chronic lower extremity venous disease of the American Venous Forum, the Society for Vascular Surgery, the American Vein and Lymphatic Society, and the Society of Interventional Radiology. J Vasc Surg Venous Lymphat Disord. 2020 Jul;8(4):505-525.e4. doi: 10.1016/j.jvsv.2020.02.001. Epub 2020 Mar 3. PMID: 32139328.
Iafrati MD. Subfascial endoscopic perforator vein surgery. Semin Cutan Med Surg. 2005 Dec;24(4):209-15. doi: 10.1016/j.sder.2005.10.007. PMID: 16387265.
Luebke T, Brunkwall J. Meta-analysis of subfascial endoscopic perforator vein surgery (SEPS) for chronic venous insufficiency. Phlebology. 2009 Feb;24(1):8-16. doi: 10.1258/phleb.2008.008005. PMID: 19155335.
Muller R, Joubert B. La phle ́bectomie ambulatoire: de l’anatomie augeste. Paris: Editions Medicales Innothera`; 1992
Schul MW, Schloerke B, Gomes GM. The refluxing anterior accessory saphenous vein demonstrates similar clinical severity when compared to the refluxing great saphenous vein. Phlebology. 2016 Oct;31(9):654-9. doi: 10.1177/0268355515604532. Epub 2015 Sep 8. PMID: 26354286.
Miguel García-Gimeno, Santiago Rodríguez-Camarero, Salvador Tagarro-Villalba, Enrique Ramalle-Gomara, Emma González-González, Miguel Angel González Arranz, Diego López García, Carlos Vaquero Puerta,Duplex mapping of 2036 primary varicose veins,Journal of Vascular Surgery,Volume 49, Issue 3,2009,Pages 681-689,ISSN 0741-5214,https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvs.2008.09.062.
Gibson K, Khilnani N, Schul M, Meissner M; American College of Phlebology Guidelines Committee. American College of Phlebology Guidelines - Treatment of refluxing accessory saphenous veins. Phlebology. 2017 Aug;32(7):448-452. doi: 10.1177/0268355516671624. Epub 2016 Oct 13. PMID: 27738242.
Goel RR, Hardy SC, Brown T. Surgery for deep venous insufficiency. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2021 Sep 30;9(9):CD001097. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD001097.pub4. PMID: 34591328; PMCID: PMC8483065.
O'Donnell TF Jr, Passman MA, Marston WA, Ennis WJ, Dalsing M, Kistner RL, Lurie F, Henke PK, Gloviczki ML, Eklöf BG, Stoughton J, Raju S, Shortell CK, Raffetto JD, Partsch H, Pounds LC, Cummings ME, Gillespie DL, McLafferty RB, Murad MH, Wakefield TW, Gloviczki P; Society for Vascular Surgery; American Venous Forum. Management of venous leg ulcers: clinical practice guidelines of the Society for Vascular Surgery ® and the American Venous Forum. J Vasc Surg. 2014 Aug;60(2 Suppl):3S-59S. doi: 10.1016/j.jvs.2014.04.049. Epub 2014 Jun 25. PMID: 24974070.
Maleti O. Venous valvular reconstruction in post-thrombotic syndrome. A new technique. J Mal Vasc. 2002 Oct;27(4):218-21. PMID: 12457127.
Leckie KE, Dalsing MC. Open Surgical Reconstruction for Deep Venous Occlusion and Valvular Incompetence. Surg Clin North Am. 2018 Apr;98(2):373-384. doi: 10.1016/j.suc.2017.11.004. PMID: 29502778.
Maleti O, Lugli M, Tripathi RK. Deep venous reconstructive surgery. Semin Vasc Surg. 2015 Mar;28(1):39-46. doi: 10.1053/j.semvascsurg.2015.06.003. Epub 2015 Jun 12. PMID: 26358308.
Referanslar
Ann Vasc Surg 2010; 24: 426-432 DOI: 10.1016/j.avsg.2009.07.035
Jones WHS. Hippocrates with an English translation. London: William Heinemann, 1923.
Trendelenburg F. Ueber die Unterbindung der Vena saphena magna bei unterschenkelvaricen. Beitr Klin Chir 1890;7: 195-210.
Keller WL. A new method of extirpating the internal saphenous and similar veins in varicose conditions. N Y Med J 1905;82:385.
van den Bremer J, Moll FL. Historical overview of varicose vein surgery. Ann Vasc Surg. 2010 Apr;24(3):426-32. doi: 10.1016/j.avsg.2009.07.035. Epub 2010 Feb 7. PMID: 20144527.
Eberhardt RT, Raffetto JD. Chronic venous insufficiency. Circulation. 2014;130:333–346.
Bergan JJ, Schmid-Schonbein GW, Smith PD, Nicolaides AN, Boisseau MR, Eklof B. Chronic venous disease. N Engl J Med. 2006;355:488–498.
Bergan JJ, Varicose veins, treatment by surgery and sclerotherapy. Rutherford RB (ed). Vascular surgery 2000;2007-2020
Michaels JA, Brazier JE, Campbell WB et al. Randomized clinical trial comparing surgery with conservative treatment for uncomplicated varicose veins. Br J Surg 2006; 93:175–81.
Souroullas P, Barnes R, Smith G, Nandhra S, Carradice D, Chetter I. The classic saphenofemoral junction and its anatomical variations. Phlebology. 2017 Apr;32(3):172-178. doi: 10.1177/0268355516635960. Epub 2016 Jul 9. PMID: 26924361.
Morrison C, Dalsing MC. Signs and symptoms of saphenous nerve injury after greater saphenous veins stripping: prevalence, severity and relevance for modem practice. J Vasc Surg 2003;38(5):886-90.
Holme JB, Skajaa K, Holme K. Incidence of lesions of the saphenous nerve after partial or complete stripping of the long saphenous vein. Acta Chir Scand. 1990;156:145–148.
Cheatle T. The long saphenous vein: to strip or not to strip? Semin Vasc Surg 2005;18(1): 10-4.
Sam RC, Silverman SH, Bradbury AW. Nerve injuries and varicose vein surgery. Eur J En- dovasc Surg 2004;27(2):113-20.
Bozkurt AK, editör. Periferik Arter ve Ven Hastalıkları Ulusal Tedavi Kılavuzu 2021, İstanbul: Bayçınar Tıbbi Yayıncılık; 2021.
Puggioni A, Kalra M, Gloviczki P. Superficial vein surgery and SEPS for chronic venous insufficiency. Semin Vasc Surg. 2005 Mar;18(1):41-8. doi: 10.1053/j.semvascsurg.2004.12.011. PMID: 15791553.
Neser RA, Caffaro RA. Invagination stripping with ultrasound-guided perivenous tumescence: an original method of great saphenous vein stripping. Dermatol Surg. 2011 Mar;37(3):349-52. doi: 10.1111/j.1524-4725.2011.01885.x. Epub 2011 Feb 22. PMID: 21342313.
Lin F, Zhang S, Sun Y, Ren S, Liu P. The management of varicose veins. Int Surg. 2015 Jan;100(1):185-9. doi: 10.9738/INTSURG-D-14-00084.1. PMID: 25594661; PMCID: PMC4301287.
Pittaluga P, Chastanet S. Persistent incompetent truncal veins should not be treated immediately. Phlebology. 2015 Mar;30(1 Suppl):98-106. doi: 10.1177/0268355515569141. PMID: 25729076.
Faccini FP, Ermini S, Franceschi C. CHIVA to treat saphenous vein insufficiency in chronic venous disease: characteristics and results. J Vasc Bras. 2019 Jan 30;18:e20180099. doi: 10.1590/1677-5449.009918. PMID: 31191629; PMCID: PMC6542318.
Almgren B, Eriksson E. Valvular incompetence in superficial, deep and perforator veins of limbs with varicose veins. Acta Chirurg Scand. 1990;156:69–74.
Winterborn RJ, Campbell WB, Heather BP, et al. The man- agement of short saphenous varicose veins: a survey of the members of the vascular surgical society of Great Britain and Ireland. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg. 2004;28:400–403.
O’Donnell TF Jr, Iafrati MD. The small saphenous vein and other ‘neglected’ veins of the popliteal fossa: a review. Phlebology. 2007;22:148–155.
Rashid HI, Ajeel A, Tyrrell MR. Persistent popliteal fossa reflux following saphenopopliteal disconnection. Br J Surg. 2002;89:748–751.
van Groenendael L, Flinkenflögel L, van der Vliet JA, Roovers EA, van Sterkenburg SM, Reijnen MM. Conventional surgery and endovenous laser ablation of recurrent varicose veins of the small saphenous vein: a retrospective clinical comparison and assessment of patient satisfaction. Phlebology. 2010 Jun;25(3):151-7. doi: 10.1258/phleb.2009.009044. PMID: 20483865.
Boersma D, Kornmann VN, van Eekeren RR, Tromp E, Ünlü Ç, Reijnen MM, de Vries JP. Treatment Modalities for Small Saphenous Vein Insufficiency: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. J Endovasc Ther. 2016 Feb;23(1):199-211. doi: 10.1177/1526602815616375. Epub 2015 Nov 12. PMID: 26564912.
Masuda E, Ozsvath K, Vossler J, Woo K, Kistner R, Lurie F, Monahan D, Brown W, Labropoulos N, Dalsing M, Khilnani N, Wakefield T, Gloviczki P. The 2020 appropriate use criteria for chronic lower extremity venous disease of the American Venous Forum, the Society for Vascular Surgery, the American Vein and Lymphatic Society, and the Society of Interventional Radiology. J Vasc Surg Venous Lymphat Disord. 2020 Jul;8(4):505-525.e4. doi: 10.1016/j.jvsv.2020.02.001. Epub 2020 Mar 3. PMID: 32139328.
Iafrati MD. Subfascial endoscopic perforator vein surgery. Semin Cutan Med Surg. 2005 Dec;24(4):209-15. doi: 10.1016/j.sder.2005.10.007. PMID: 16387265.
Luebke T, Brunkwall J. Meta-analysis of subfascial endoscopic perforator vein surgery (SEPS) for chronic venous insufficiency. Phlebology. 2009 Feb;24(1):8-16. doi: 10.1258/phleb.2008.008005. PMID: 19155335.
Muller R, Joubert B. La phle ́bectomie ambulatoire: de l’anatomie augeste. Paris: Editions Medicales Innothera`; 1992
Schul MW, Schloerke B, Gomes GM. The refluxing anterior accessory saphenous vein demonstrates similar clinical severity when compared to the refluxing great saphenous vein. Phlebology. 2016 Oct;31(9):654-9. doi: 10.1177/0268355515604532. Epub 2015 Sep 8. PMID: 26354286.
Miguel García-Gimeno, Santiago Rodríguez-Camarero, Salvador Tagarro-Villalba, Enrique Ramalle-Gomara, Emma González-González, Miguel Angel González Arranz, Diego López García, Carlos Vaquero Puerta,Duplex mapping of 2036 primary varicose veins,Journal of Vascular Surgery,Volume 49, Issue 3,2009,Pages 681-689,ISSN 0741-5214,https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvs.2008.09.062.
Gibson K, Khilnani N, Schul M, Meissner M; American College of Phlebology Guidelines Committee. American College of Phlebology Guidelines - Treatment of refluxing accessory saphenous veins. Phlebology. 2017 Aug;32(7):448-452. doi: 10.1177/0268355516671624. Epub 2016 Oct 13. PMID: 27738242.
Goel RR, Hardy SC, Brown T. Surgery for deep venous insufficiency. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2021 Sep 30;9(9):CD001097. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD001097.pub4. PMID: 34591328; PMCID: PMC8483065.
O'Donnell TF Jr, Passman MA, Marston WA, Ennis WJ, Dalsing M, Kistner RL, Lurie F, Henke PK, Gloviczki ML, Eklöf BG, Stoughton J, Raju S, Shortell CK, Raffetto JD, Partsch H, Pounds LC, Cummings ME, Gillespie DL, McLafferty RB, Murad MH, Wakefield TW, Gloviczki P; Society for Vascular Surgery; American Venous Forum. Management of venous leg ulcers: clinical practice guidelines of the Society for Vascular Surgery ® and the American Venous Forum. J Vasc Surg. 2014 Aug;60(2 Suppl):3S-59S. doi: 10.1016/j.jvs.2014.04.049. Epub 2014 Jun 25. PMID: 24974070.
Maleti O. Venous valvular reconstruction in post-thrombotic syndrome. A new technique. J Mal Vasc. 2002 Oct;27(4):218-21. PMID: 12457127.
Leckie KE, Dalsing MC. Open Surgical Reconstruction for Deep Venous Occlusion and Valvular Incompetence. Surg Clin North Am. 2018 Apr;98(2):373-384. doi: 10.1016/j.suc.2017.11.004. PMID: 29502778.
Maleti O, Lugli M, Tripathi RK. Deep venous reconstructive surgery. Semin Vasc Surg. 2015 Mar;28(1):39-46. doi: 10.1053/j.semvascsurg.2015.06.003. Epub 2015 Jun 12. PMID: 26358308.
