Venöz Yetmezlik Patofizyolojisi
Özet
Kronik venöz yetmezlik yaşam kalitesini bozan genelde ağrı, kramp,şişme,huzursuzluk ve karıncalanma şikayetlerinin ön planda olduğu ve sık olarak karşımıza çıkan bir hastalık grubudur. çeşitli etyolojiye bağlı olarak venöz dönüşün bozulması ve venöz basıncın yükselmesi ile seyreden bir hastalık grubudur. primer sekonder ve konjenital venöz yetmezlik olmak üzere 3 ana başlık altında patofizyolojiyi incelemek gereklidir.
Referanslar
Secretariat MA. Endovascular radiofrequency ablation for varicose veins: an evidence-based analysis. Ontario Health Technology Assessment Series 2011; 11: 1.
Raetz J, Wilson M and Collins K. Varicose veins: diagnosis and treatment. American family physician 2019; 99: 682-688.
Lin F, Zhang S, Sun Y, et al. The management of varicose veins. International surgery 2015; 100: 185-189.
Beebe-Dimmer JL, Pfeifer JR, Engle JS, et al. The Epidemiology of Chronic Venous Insufficiency and Varicose Veins. Annals of Epidemiology 2005; 15: 175-184. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annepidem.2004.05.015.
Novak CJ, Khimani N, Kaye AD, et al. Current Therapeutic Interventions in Lower Extremity Venous Insufficiency: a Comprehensive Review. Current Pain and Headache Reports 2019; 23: 16. DOI: 10.1007/s11916-019-0759-z.
Eklof B. Revision of the CEAP classification for chronic venous disorders: consensus statement. J Vasc Surg 2004; 40: 1248-1252.
Raffetto JD and Khalil RA. Mechanisms of varicose vein formation: valve dysfunction and wall dilation. Phlebology 2008; 23: 85-98. 2008/05/06. DOI: 10.1258/phleb.2007.007027.
Coleridge Smith PD, Thomas P, Scurr JH, et al. Causes of venous ulceration: a new hypothesis. Br Med J (Clin Res Ed) 1988; 296: 1726-1727. 1988/06/18. DOI: 10.1136/bmj.296.6638.1726.
Raffetto JD, Qiao X, Koledova VV, et al. Prolonged increases in vein wall tension increase matrix metalloproteinases and decrease constriction in rat vena cava: Potential implications in varicose veins. Journal of vascular surgery 2008; 48: 447-456. 2008/05/23. DOI: 10.1016/j.jvs.2008.03.004.
Labropoulos N, Leon L, Kwon S, et al. Study of the venous reflux progression. J Vasc Surg 2005; 41: 291-295. 2005/03/16. DOI: 10.1016/j.jvs.2004.11.014.
Labropoulos N, Tassiopoulos AK, Kang SS, et al. Prevalence of deep venous reflux in patients with primary superficial vein incompetence. J Vasc Surg 2000; 32: 663-668. 2000/09/30. DOI: 10.1067/mva.2000.110050.
Kistner RL, Eklof B and Masuda EM. Diagnosis of chronic venous disease of the lower extremities: the “CEAP” classification. In: Mayo Clinic Proceedings 1996, pp.338-345. Elsevier.
Labropoulos N. CEAP in clinical practice. Vascular Surgery 1997; 31: 224-225.
Labropoulos N, Patel PJ, Tiongson JE, et al. Patterns of venous reflux and obstruction in patients with skin damage due to chronic venous disease. Vascular and endovascular surgery 2007; 41: 33-40.
Shull KC, Nicolaides AN, e Fernandes JF, et al. Significance of popliteal reflux in relation to ambulatory venous pressure and ulceration. Archives of surgery 1979; 114: 1304-1306.
Monreal M, Ruiz J, Olazabal A, et al. Deep venous thrombosis and the risk of pulmonary embolism: a systematic study. Chest 1992; 102: 677-681.
Line BR. Pathophysiology and diagnosis of deep venous thrombosis. In: Seminars in nuclear medicine 2001, pp.90-101. Elsevier.
Kahn SR, Shrier I, Julian JA, et al. Determinants and time course of the postthrombotic syndrome after acute deep venous thrombosis. Annals of internal medicine 2008; 149: 698-707.
Prandoni P, Lensing AW, Cogo A, et al. The long-term clinical course of acute deep venous thrombosis. Annals of internal medicine 1996; 125: 1-7.
Sadek M, Almeida JI and Kabnick LS. Chapter 16 - Endothermal Heat-Induced Thrombosis. In: Almeida JI (ed) Atlas of Endovascular Venous Surgery (Second Edition). Philadelphia: Elsevier, 2019, pp.397-407.
Boisseau M-R. Chronic venous disease and the genetic influence. Phlebolymphology 2014; 21: 100-111.
Chagas CAA, Pires LAS, Babinski MA, et al. Klippel-Trenaunay and Parkes-Weber syndromes: two case reports. Jornal vascular brasileiro 2017; 16: 320-324.
Bojakowski K, Janusz G, Grabowska I, et al. Rat model of parkes weber syndrome. Plos one 2015; 10: e0133752.
Banzic I, Brankovic M, Maksimović Ž, et al. Parkes Weber syndrome—diagnostic and management paradigms: a systematic review. Phlebology 2017; 32: 371-383.
Lee BB, Bergan J, Gloviczki P, et al. Diagnosis and treatment of venous malformations. Consensus document of the International Union of Phlebology (IUP)-2009. Int Angiol 2009; 28: 434-451. 2010/01/21.
Gloviczki P, Duncan A, Kalra M, et al. Vascular malformations: an update. Perspect Vasc Surg Endovasc Ther 2009; 21: 133-148. 2009/08/29. DOI: 10.1177/1531003509343019.
Referanslar
Secretariat MA. Endovascular radiofrequency ablation for varicose veins: an evidence-based analysis. Ontario Health Technology Assessment Series 2011; 11: 1.
Raetz J, Wilson M and Collins K. Varicose veins: diagnosis and treatment. American family physician 2019; 99: 682-688.
Lin F, Zhang S, Sun Y, et al. The management of varicose veins. International surgery 2015; 100: 185-189.
Beebe-Dimmer JL, Pfeifer JR, Engle JS, et al. The Epidemiology of Chronic Venous Insufficiency and Varicose Veins. Annals of Epidemiology 2005; 15: 175-184. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annepidem.2004.05.015.
Novak CJ, Khimani N, Kaye AD, et al. Current Therapeutic Interventions in Lower Extremity Venous Insufficiency: a Comprehensive Review. Current Pain and Headache Reports 2019; 23: 16. DOI: 10.1007/s11916-019-0759-z.
Eklof B. Revision of the CEAP classification for chronic venous disorders: consensus statement. J Vasc Surg 2004; 40: 1248-1252.
Raffetto JD and Khalil RA. Mechanisms of varicose vein formation: valve dysfunction and wall dilation. Phlebology 2008; 23: 85-98. 2008/05/06. DOI: 10.1258/phleb.2007.007027.
Coleridge Smith PD, Thomas P, Scurr JH, et al. Causes of venous ulceration: a new hypothesis. Br Med J (Clin Res Ed) 1988; 296: 1726-1727. 1988/06/18. DOI: 10.1136/bmj.296.6638.1726.
Raffetto JD, Qiao X, Koledova VV, et al. Prolonged increases in vein wall tension increase matrix metalloproteinases and decrease constriction in rat vena cava: Potential implications in varicose veins. Journal of vascular surgery 2008; 48: 447-456. 2008/05/23. DOI: 10.1016/j.jvs.2008.03.004.
Labropoulos N, Leon L, Kwon S, et al. Study of the venous reflux progression. J Vasc Surg 2005; 41: 291-295. 2005/03/16. DOI: 10.1016/j.jvs.2004.11.014.
Labropoulos N, Tassiopoulos AK, Kang SS, et al. Prevalence of deep venous reflux in patients with primary superficial vein incompetence. J Vasc Surg 2000; 32: 663-668. 2000/09/30. DOI: 10.1067/mva.2000.110050.
Kistner RL, Eklof B and Masuda EM. Diagnosis of chronic venous disease of the lower extremities: the “CEAP” classification. In: Mayo Clinic Proceedings 1996, pp.338-345. Elsevier.
Labropoulos N. CEAP in clinical practice. Vascular Surgery 1997; 31: 224-225.
Labropoulos N, Patel PJ, Tiongson JE, et al. Patterns of venous reflux and obstruction in patients with skin damage due to chronic venous disease. Vascular and endovascular surgery 2007; 41: 33-40.
Shull KC, Nicolaides AN, e Fernandes JF, et al. Significance of popliteal reflux in relation to ambulatory venous pressure and ulceration. Archives of surgery 1979; 114: 1304-1306.
Monreal M, Ruiz J, Olazabal A, et al. Deep venous thrombosis and the risk of pulmonary embolism: a systematic study. Chest 1992; 102: 677-681.
Line BR. Pathophysiology and diagnosis of deep venous thrombosis. In: Seminars in nuclear medicine 2001, pp.90-101. Elsevier.
Kahn SR, Shrier I, Julian JA, et al. Determinants and time course of the postthrombotic syndrome after acute deep venous thrombosis. Annals of internal medicine 2008; 149: 698-707.
Prandoni P, Lensing AW, Cogo A, et al. The long-term clinical course of acute deep venous thrombosis. Annals of internal medicine 1996; 125: 1-7.
Sadek M, Almeida JI and Kabnick LS. Chapter 16 - Endothermal Heat-Induced Thrombosis. In: Almeida JI (ed) Atlas of Endovascular Venous Surgery (Second Edition). Philadelphia: Elsevier, 2019, pp.397-407.
Boisseau M-R. Chronic venous disease and the genetic influence. Phlebolymphology 2014; 21: 100-111.
Chagas CAA, Pires LAS, Babinski MA, et al. Klippel-Trenaunay and Parkes-Weber syndromes: two case reports. Jornal vascular brasileiro 2017; 16: 320-324.
Bojakowski K, Janusz G, Grabowska I, et al. Rat model of parkes weber syndrome. Plos one 2015; 10: e0133752.
Banzic I, Brankovic M, Maksimović Ž, et al. Parkes Weber syndrome—diagnostic and management paradigms: a systematic review. Phlebology 2017; 32: 371-383.
Lee BB, Bergan J, Gloviczki P, et al. Diagnosis and treatment of venous malformations. Consensus document of the International Union of Phlebology (IUP)-2009. Int Angiol 2009; 28: 434-451. 2010/01/21.
Gloviczki P, Duncan A, Kalra M, et al. Vascular malformations: an update. Perspect Vasc Surg Endovasc Ther 2009; 21: 133-148. 2009/08/29. DOI: 10.1177/1531003509343019.
