Hipokalsemi

Balcı AK. Acil Serviste Elektrolit Düzensizliği Tespit Edilmiş Olan Olguların Genel Özellikleri: Bursa Uludag University (Turkey); 2012.

Doğan Ö. Hipokalsemi Olan Hastalarda Serum Kalsiyum Düzeylerinin İyonize ve Düzeltilmiş Kalsiyum ile İlişkisi. 9. 2022.

Kim SJ, Kim HS, Hwang SO, et al. Ionized calcium level at emergency department arrival is associated with return of spontaneous circulation in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. PLoS One. 2020;15(10):e0240420.

Dickerson RN, Alexander KH, Minard G, et al.Accuracy of methods to estimate ionized and "corrected" serum calcium concentrations in critically ill multiple trauma patients receiving specialized nutrition support. JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr. 2004;28(3):133-41.

Fidan F, Alkan BM, Tosun A. Çağın pandemisi: D vitamini eksikliği ve yetersizliği. Türk Osteoporoz Dergisi. 2014;20(2):71-4.

Cairns CB, Niemann JT, Pelikan PC, et al. Ionized hypocalcemia during prolonged cardiac arrest and closed-chest CPR in a canine model. Ann Emerg Med. 1991;20(11):1178-82.

Riccardi D, Brown EM. Physiology and pathophysiology of the calcium-sensing receptor in the kidney. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol. 2010;298(3):F485-99.

Lee S, Mannstadt M, Guo J, et al. A Homozygous [Cys25]PTH(1-84) Mutation That Impairs PTH/PTHrP Receptor Activation Defines a Novel Form of Hypoparathyroidism. J Bone Miner Res. 2015;30(10):1803-13.

Cholst IN, Steinberg SF, Tropper PJ, et al. The influence of hypermagnesemia on serum calcium and parathyroid hormone levels in human subjects. N Engl J Med. 1984;310(19):1221-5.

van den Bergh WM, van de Water JM, Hoff RG, et al. Calcium homeostasis during magnesium treatment in aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. Neurocrit Care. 2008;8(3):413-7.

Smallridge RC, Wray HL, Schaaf M. Hypocalcemia with osteoblastic metastases in patient with prostate carcinoma. A cause of secondary hyperparathyroidism. Am J Med. 1981;71(1):184-8.

Murray RM, Grill V, Crinis N, et al.Hypocalcemic and normocalcemic hyperparathyroidism in patients with advanced prostatic cancer. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2001;86(9):4133-8.

Dettelbach MA, Deftos LJ, Stewart AF. Intraperitoneal free fatty acids induce severe hypocalcemia in rats: a model for the hypocalcemia of pancreatitis. J Bone Miner Res. 1990;5(12):1249-55.

McKay C, Beastall GH, Imrie CW, et al. Circulating intact parathyroid hormone levels in acute pancreatitis. Br J Surg. 1994;81(3):357-60.

Goltzman D, Rosen CJ, Mulder JE. Etiology of hypocalcemia in adults. Up to Date [book on CD‐ROM] Version 163. 2008.

Diniotis B, Sternberg E, Shakuntala S, et al. Hypocalcemia in Malignancy- Unexpected but Common. Cures. 2015.

Zivin JR, Gooley T, Zager RA, et al. Hypocalcemia: a pervasive metabolic abnormality in the critically ill. Am J Kidney Dis. 2001;37(4):689-98.

Desai TK, Carlson RW, Geheb MA. Prevalence and clinical implications of hypocalcemia in acutely ill patients in a medical intensive care setting. Am J Med. 1988;84(2):209-14.

Zaloga GP, Chernow B. The multifactorial basis for hypocalcemia during sepsis. Studies of the parathyroid hormone-vitamin D axis. Ann Intern Med. 1987;107(1):36-41.

Lepage R, Légaré G, Racicot C, et al. Hypocalcemia induced during major and minor abdominal surgery in humans. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1999;84(8):2654-8.

Goddard CJ, Mbewu A, Evanson JM. Symptomatic hypocalcaemia associated with metastatic invasion of the parathyroid glands. Br J Hosp Med. 1990;43(1):72.

Blizzard RM, Chee D, Davis W. The incidence of parathyroid and other antibodies in the sera of patients with idiopathic hypoparathyroidism. Clin Exp Immunol. 1966;1(2):119-28.

Angelopoulos NG, Goula A, Rombopoulos G, et al. Hypoparathyroidism in transfusion-dependent patients with beta-thalassemia. J Bone Miner Metab. 2006;24(2):138-45.

Toumba M, Sergis A, Kanaris C, et al. Endocrine complications in patients with Thalassaemia Major. Pediatr Endocrinol Rev. 2007;5(2):642-8.

Carpenter TO, Carnes DL, Jr Anast CS. Hypoparathyroidism in Wilson's disease. N Engl J Med. 1983;309(15):873-7.

Rutledge R, Sheldon GF, Collins ML. Massive transfusion. Crit Care Clin. 1986;2(4):791-805.

Jacobson MA, Gambertoglio JG, Aweeka FT, et al.Foscarnet-induced hypocalcemia and effects of foscarnet on calcium metabolism. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1991;72(5):1130-5.

Kido Y, Okamura T, Tomikawa M, et al. Hypocalcemia associated with 5-fluorouracil and low dose leucovorin in patients with advanced colorectal or gastric carcinomas. Cancer. 1996;78(8):1794-7.

Gessner BD, Beller M, Middaugh JP, et al. Acute fluoride poisoning from a public water system. N Engl J Med. 1994;330(2):95-9.

Harinarayan CV, Kochupillai N, Madhu SV, et al. Fluorotoxic metabolic bone disease: an osteo-renal syndrome caused by excess fluoride ingestion in the tropics. Bone. 2006;39(4):907-14.

Boink AB, Wemer J, Meulenbelt J, et al. The mechanism of fluoride-induced hypocalcaemia. Hum Exp Toxicol. 1994;13(3):149-55.

Mark PB, Mazonakis E, Shapiro D, et al.Pseudohypocalcaemia in an elderly patient with advanced renal failure and renovascular disease. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2005;20(7):1499-500.

Prince MR, Choyke PL, Knopp MV. More on pseudohypocalcemia and gadolinium-enhanced MRI. N Engl J Med. 2004;350(1):87-8; author reply -8.

Doorenbos CJ, Ozyilmaz A, van Wijnen M. Severe pseudohypocalcemia after gadolinium-enhanced magnetic resonance angiography. N Engl J Med. 2003;349(8):817-8.

Prince MR, Erel HE, Lent RW, et al. Gadodiamide administration causes spurious hypocalcemia. Radiology. 2003;227(3):639-46.

Duval M, Bach-Ngohou K, Masson D, et al. Is severe hypocalcemia immediately life threatening? Endocrine connections. 2018;7(10):1067-74.

Macefield G, Burke D. Paraesthesiae and tetany induced by voluntary hyperventilation. Increased excitability of human cutaneous and motor axons. Brain. 1991;114 ( Pt 1B):527-40.

Tohme JF, Bilezikian JP. Hypocalcemic emergencies. Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am. 1993;22(2):363-75.

Navarro J, Oster JR, Gkonos PJ, et al. Tetany induced on separate occasions by administration of potassium and magnesium in a patient with hungry-bone syndrome. Miner Electrolyte Metab. 1991;17(5):340-4.

Cohen L. Potassium replacement associated with the development of tetany in a patient with hypomagnesaemia. Magnes Res. 1993;6(1):43-5.

Swash M, Rowan AJ. Electroencephalographic criteria of hypocalcemia and hypercalcemia. Arch Neurol. 1972;26(3):218-28.

Minisola S, Cipriani C, Colangelo L, et al. Serum calcium values and refractory vasodilatory shock. Chest. 2019;155(1):242.

Heemskerk CPM, Pereboom M, van Stralen K, et al. Risk factors for QTc interval prolongation. European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology. 2018;74(2):183-91.

Shinoda T, Aizawa T, Shirota T, et al. Exacerbation of latent heart failure by mild hypocalcemia after parathyroidectomy in a long-term hemodialysis patient. Nephron. 1992;60(4):482-6.

Kazmi AS, Wall BM. Reversible congestive heart failure related to profound hypocalcemia secondary to hypoparathyroidism. Am J Med Sci. 2007;333(4):226-9.

Levine SN, Rheams CN. Hypocalcemic heart failure. Am J Med. 1985;78(6 Pt 1):1033-5.

Wong CK, Lau CP, Cheng CH, et al. Hypocalcemic myocardial dysfunction: short- and long-term improvement with calcium replacement. Am Heart J. 1990;120(2):381-6.

Kudoh C, Tanaka S, Marusaki S, et al. Hypocalcemic cardiomyopathy in a patient with idiopathic hypoparathyroidism. Intern Med. 1992;31(4):561-8.

Brunvand L, Hågå P, Tangsrud SE, et al. Congestive heart failure caused by vitamin D deficiency? Acta Paediatr. 1995;84(1):106-8.

Bajandas FJ, Smith JL. Optic nueritis in hypoparathyroidism. Neurology. 1976;26(5):451-4.

Sheldon RS, Becker WJ, Hanley DA, et al.Hypoparathyroidism and pseudotumor cerebri: an infrequent clinical association. Can J Neurol Sci. 1987;14(4):622-5.

Lin KF, Chen KH, Huang WL. Organic anxiety in a woman with breast cancer receiving denosumab. Gen Hosp Psychiatry. 2015;37(2):192.e7-8.

Cooper MS, Gittoes NJ. Diagnosis and management of hypocalcaemia. Bmj. 2008;336(7656):1298-302.

Çolak N. Kalsiyum ve Fosfor Metabolizması ile İlgili Acil Durumlar. Ulusal İç Hastalıkları Kongresi, Antalya. 2007:35-8.

Pepe J, Colangelo L, Biamonte F, et al. Diagnosis and management of hypocalcemia. Endocrine. 2020;69(3):485-95.

Di Maio S, Soliman AT, De Sanctis V, et al. Current treatment of hypoparathyroidism: Theory versus reality waiting guidelines for children and adolescents. Acta Biomed. 2018;89(1):122-31.

DeBot M, Sauaia A, Schaid T, et al. Trauma-induced hypocalcemia. Transfusion. 2022;62 Suppl 1:S274-s80.

Balcı AK. Acil Serviste Elektrolit Düzensizliği Tespit Edilmiş Olan Olguların Genel Özellikleri: Bursa Uludag University (Turkey); 2012.

Doğan Ö. Hipokalsemi Olan Hastalarda Serum Kalsiyum Düzeylerinin İyonize ve Düzeltilmiş Kalsiyum ile İlişkisi. 9. 2022.

Kim SJ, Kim HS, Hwang SO, et al. Ionized calcium level at emergency department arrival is associated with return of spontaneous circulation in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. PLoS One. 2020;15(10):e0240420.

Dickerson RN, Alexander KH, Minard G, et al.Accuracy of methods to estimate ionized and "corrected" serum calcium concentrations in critically ill multiple trauma patients receiving specialized nutrition support. JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr. 2004;28(3):133-41.

Fidan F, Alkan BM, Tosun A. Çağın pandemisi: D vitamini eksikliği ve yetersizliği. Türk Osteoporoz Dergisi. 2014;20(2):71-4.

Cairns CB, Niemann JT, Pelikan PC, et al. Ionized hypocalcemia during prolonged cardiac arrest and closed-chest CPR in a canine model. Ann Emerg Med. 1991;20(11):1178-82.

Riccardi D, Brown EM. Physiology and pathophysiology of the calcium-sensing receptor in the kidney. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol. 2010;298(3):F485-99.

Lee S, Mannstadt M, Guo J, et al. A Homozygous [Cys25]PTH(1-84) Mutation That Impairs PTH/PTHrP Receptor Activation Defines a Novel Form of Hypoparathyroidism. J Bone Miner Res. 2015;30(10):1803-13.

Cholst IN, Steinberg SF, Tropper PJ, et al. The influence of hypermagnesemia on serum calcium and parathyroid hormone levels in human subjects. N Engl J Med. 1984;310(19):1221-5.

van den Bergh WM, van de Water JM, Hoff RG, et al. Calcium homeostasis during magnesium treatment in aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. Neurocrit Care. 2008;8(3):413-7.

Smallridge RC, Wray HL, Schaaf M. Hypocalcemia with osteoblastic metastases in patient with prostate carcinoma. A cause of secondary hyperparathyroidism. Am J Med. 1981;71(1):184-8.

Murray RM, Grill V, Crinis N, et al.Hypocalcemic and normocalcemic hyperparathyroidism in patients with advanced prostatic cancer. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2001;86(9):4133-8.

Dettelbach MA, Deftos LJ, Stewart AF. Intraperitoneal free fatty acids induce severe hypocalcemia in rats: a model for the hypocalcemia of pancreatitis. J Bone Miner Res. 1990;5(12):1249-55.

McKay C, Beastall GH, Imrie CW, et al. Circulating intact parathyroid hormone levels in acute pancreatitis. Br J Surg. 1994;81(3):357-60.

Goltzman D, Rosen CJ, Mulder JE. Etiology of hypocalcemia in adults. Up to Date [book on CD‐ROM] Version 163. 2008.

Diniotis B, Sternberg E, Shakuntala S, et al. Hypocalcemia in Malignancy- Unexpected but Common. Cures. 2015.

Zivin JR, Gooley T, Zager RA, et al. Hypocalcemia: a pervasive metabolic abnormality in the critically ill. Am J Kidney Dis. 2001;37(4):689-98.

Desai TK, Carlson RW, Geheb MA. Prevalence and clinical implications of hypocalcemia in acutely ill patients in a medical intensive care setting. Am J Med. 1988;84(2):209-14.

Zaloga GP, Chernow B. The multifactorial basis for hypocalcemia during sepsis. Studies of the parathyroid hormone-vitamin D axis. Ann Intern Med. 1987;107(1):36-41.

Lepage R, Légaré G, Racicot C, et al. Hypocalcemia induced during major and minor abdominal surgery in humans. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1999;84(8):2654-8.

Goddard CJ, Mbewu A, Evanson JM. Symptomatic hypocalcaemia associated with metastatic invasion of the parathyroid glands. Br J Hosp Med. 1990;43(1):72.

Blizzard RM, Chee D, Davis W. The incidence of parathyroid and other antibodies in the sera of patients with idiopathic hypoparathyroidism. Clin Exp Immunol. 1966;1(2):119-28.

Angelopoulos NG, Goula A, Rombopoulos G, et al. Hypoparathyroidism in transfusion-dependent patients with beta-thalassemia. J Bone Miner Metab. 2006;24(2):138-45.

Toumba M, Sergis A, Kanaris C, et al. Endocrine complications in patients with Thalassaemia Major. Pediatr Endocrinol Rev. 2007;5(2):642-8.

Carpenter TO, Carnes DL, Jr Anast CS. Hypoparathyroidism in Wilson's disease. N Engl J Med. 1983;309(15):873-7.

Rutledge R, Sheldon GF, Collins ML. Massive transfusion. Crit Care Clin. 1986;2(4):791-805.

Jacobson MA, Gambertoglio JG, Aweeka FT, et al.Foscarnet-induced hypocalcemia and effects of foscarnet on calcium metabolism. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1991;72(5):1130-5.

Kido Y, Okamura T, Tomikawa M, et al. Hypocalcemia associated with 5-fluorouracil and low dose leucovorin in patients with advanced colorectal or gastric carcinomas. Cancer. 1996;78(8):1794-7.

Gessner BD, Beller M, Middaugh JP, et al. Acute fluoride poisoning from a public water system. N Engl J Med. 1994;330(2):95-9.

Harinarayan CV, Kochupillai N, Madhu SV, et al. Fluorotoxic metabolic bone disease: an osteo-renal syndrome caused by excess fluoride ingestion in the tropics. Bone. 2006;39(4):907-14.

Boink AB, Wemer J, Meulenbelt J, et al. The mechanism of fluoride-induced hypocalcaemia. Hum Exp Toxicol. 1994;13(3):149-55.

Mark PB, Mazonakis E, Shapiro D, et al.Pseudohypocalcaemia in an elderly patient with advanced renal failure and renovascular disease. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2005;20(7):1499-500.

Prince MR, Choyke PL, Knopp MV. More on pseudohypocalcemia and gadolinium-enhanced MRI. N Engl J Med. 2004;350(1):87-8; author reply -8.

Doorenbos CJ, Ozyilmaz A, van Wijnen M. Severe pseudohypocalcemia after gadolinium-enhanced magnetic resonance angiography. N Engl J Med. 2003;349(8):817-8.

Prince MR, Erel HE, Lent RW, et al. Gadodiamide administration causes spurious hypocalcemia. Radiology. 2003;227(3):639-46.

Duval M, Bach-Ngohou K, Masson D, et al. Is severe hypocalcemia immediately life threatening? Endocrine connections. 2018;7(10):1067-74.

Macefield G, Burke D. Paraesthesiae and tetany induced by voluntary hyperventilation. Increased excitability of human cutaneous and motor axons. Brain. 1991;114 ( Pt 1B):527-40.

Tohme JF, Bilezikian JP. Hypocalcemic emergencies. Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am. 1993;22(2):363-75.

Navarro J, Oster JR, Gkonos PJ, et al. Tetany induced on separate occasions by administration of potassium and magnesium in a patient with hungry-bone syndrome. Miner Electrolyte Metab. 1991;17(5):340-4.

Cohen L. Potassium replacement associated with the development of tetany in a patient with hypomagnesaemia. Magnes Res. 1993;6(1):43-5.

Swash M, Rowan AJ. Electroencephalographic criteria of hypocalcemia and hypercalcemia. Arch Neurol. 1972;26(3):218-28.

Minisola S, Cipriani C, Colangelo L, et al. Serum calcium values and refractory vasodilatory shock. Chest. 2019;155(1):242.

Heemskerk CPM, Pereboom M, van Stralen K, et al. Risk factors for QTc interval prolongation. European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology. 2018;74(2):183-91.

Shinoda T, Aizawa T, Shirota T, et al. Exacerbation of latent heart failure by mild hypocalcemia after parathyroidectomy in a long-term hemodialysis patient. Nephron. 1992;60(4):482-6.

Kazmi AS, Wall BM. Reversible congestive heart failure related to profound hypocalcemia secondary to hypoparathyroidism. Am J Med Sci. 2007;333(4):226-9.

Levine SN, Rheams CN. Hypocalcemic heart failure. Am J Med. 1985;78(6 Pt 1):1033-5.

Wong CK, Lau CP, Cheng CH, et al. Hypocalcemic myocardial dysfunction: short- and long-term improvement with calcium replacement. Am Heart J. 1990;120(2):381-6.

Kudoh C, Tanaka S, Marusaki S, et al. Hypocalcemic cardiomyopathy in a patient with idiopathic hypoparathyroidism. Intern Med. 1992;31(4):561-8.

Brunvand L, Hågå P, Tangsrud SE, et al. Congestive heart failure caused by vitamin D deficiency? Acta Paediatr. 1995;84(1):106-8.

Bajandas FJ, Smith JL. Optic nueritis in hypoparathyroidism. Neurology. 1976;26(5):451-4.

Sheldon RS, Becker WJ, Hanley DA, et al.Hypoparathyroidism and pseudotumor cerebri: an infrequent clinical association. Can J Neurol Sci. 1987;14(4):622-5.

Lin KF, Chen KH, Huang WL. Organic anxiety in a woman with breast cancer receiving denosumab. Gen Hosp Psychiatry. 2015;37(2):192.e7-8.

Cooper MS, Gittoes NJ. Diagnosis and management of hypocalcaemia. Bmj. 2008;336(7656):1298-302.

Çolak N. Kalsiyum ve Fosfor Metabolizması ile İlgili Acil Durumlar. Ulusal İç Hastalıkları Kongresi, Antalya. 2007:35-8.

Pepe J, Colangelo L, Biamonte F, et al. Diagnosis and management of hypocalcemia. Endocrine. 2020;69(3):485-95.

Di Maio S, Soliman AT, De Sanctis V, et al. Current treatment of hypoparathyroidism: Theory versus reality waiting guidelines for children and adolescents. Acta Biomed. 2018;89(1):122-31.

DeBot M, Sauaia A, Schaid T, et al. Trauma-induced hypocalcemia. Transfusion. 2022;62 Suppl 1:S274-s80.