Endokrin Sistem Fizyolojisi

Campbell M, Jialal I. Physiology, Endocrine Hormones StatPearls Publishing; 2022 Jan.

Erkekte ve kadında endokrin bezler ve yerleri (28.07.2022 tarihinde https://www.fikir.gen.tr/endokrin-sistem-nedir-endokrin-bezler-ve-salgiladiklari-hormonlar/ adresinden ulaşılmıştır)

Chrousos GP. The hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and immune-mediated inflammation. N Engl J Med. 1995 May 18;332(20):1351-62.

Hiller-Sturmhöfel SA. The Endocrine System An Overview Alcohol Health Res World. 1998; 22(3): 153–164.PMCID: PMC6761896 PMID: 15706790

Braak H, Braak E. Anatomy of the human hypothalamus (chiasmatic and tuberal region). Prog Brain Res. 1992;93:3-14; discussion 14-6.

Shahid Z, Asuka E, Singh G. Physiology, Hypothalamus StatPearlsPublishing [Internet]. May 8, 2022.

Cocco C, Brancia C, Corda G, et al. The Hypothalamic-Pituitary Axis and Autoantibody Related Disorders. Int J Mol Sci. 2017 Nov 03;18(11)

Yeung AY, Tadi P. StatPearls [Internet]. StatPearls Publishing; Treasure Island (FL): Nov 14, 2021. Physiology, Obesity Neurohormonal Appetite And Satiety Control.

Stagkourakis S, Dunevall J, Taleat Z, et al. Dopamine Release Dynamics in the Tuberoinfundibular Dopamine System. J Neurosci. 2019 May 22;39(21):4009-4022.

Lechan RM, Toni R. Functional Anatomy of the Hypothalamus and Pituitary. In: Feingold KR, Anawalt B, Boyce A, Chrousos G, de Herder WW, Dhatariya K, Dungan K, Hershman JM, Hofland J, Kalra S, Kaltsas G, Koch C, Kopp P, Korbonits M, Kovacs CS, Kuohung W, Laferrère B, Levy M, McGee EA, McLachlan R, Morley JE, New M, Purnell J, Sahay R, Singer F, Sperling MA, Stratakis CA, Trence DL, Wilson DP, editors. Endotext [Internet]. MDText.com, Inc.; South Dartmouth (MA): Nov 28, 2016.

Melmed S . The Pituitary. Malden, MA: Blackwell Science, 2002.

Google Scholar

Ganapathy MK, Tadi P. StatPearls [Internet]. StatPearls Publishing; Treasure Island (FL): Jul 27, 2021. Anatomy, Head and Neck, Pituitary Gland.

Dickstein G, Shechner C, Nicholson WE, et al. Adrenocorticotropin stimulation test: effects of basal cortisol level, time of day, and suggested new sensitive low dose test. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1991 Apr;72(4):773-8.

Al-Chalabi M, Bass AN, Alsalman I. StatPearls [Internet]. StatPearls Publishing; Treasure Island (FL): Jul 29, 2021. Physiology, Prolactin.

El Sayed SA, Fahmy MW, Schwartz J. StatPearls [Internet]. StatPearls Publishing; Treasure Island (FL): May 9, 2021. Physiology, Pituitary Gland.

Brinkman JE, Tariq MA, Leavitt L, et al. StatPearls [Internet]. StatPearls Publishing; Treasure Island (FL): May 7, 2021. Physiology, Growth Hormone.

Pirahanchi Y, Toro F, Jialal I. StatPearls [Internet]. StatPearls Publishing; Treasure Island (FL): May 8, 2022. Physiology, Thyroid Stimulating Hormone.

Osilla EV, Sharma S. StatPearls [Internet]. StatPearls Publishing; Treasure Island (FL): Jul 27, 2021. Oxytocin.

Cuzzo B, Padala SA, Lappin SL. StatPearls [Internet]. StatPearls Publishing; Treasure Island (FL): Aug 27, 2021. Physiology, Vasopressin.

Gaillard RC. Pituitary gland emergencies Review Baillieres Clin Endocrinol Metab 1992 Jan;6(1):57-75. doi: 10.1016/s0950-351x(05)80331-3.PMID: 1739397

Ünlühızarcı K. Hipofiz Hastalıklarında Acil Durumların Tanı ve Tedavisi Turkiye Klinikleri J Endocrin-Special Topics. 2016;9(2):1-4 : REVIEW

Braun D, Schweizer U. Thyroid Hormone Transport and Transporters. Vitam Horm. 2018;106:19-44.

Armstrong M, Asuka E, Fingeret A. Physiology, Thyroid Function StatPearls [Internet]. StatPearls Publishing; Treasure Island (FL): 2022 Jan Branchial Cleft Cyst.

Tiroid hormonunun sentezi ( 31.07.2022 tarihinde https://as2.ftcdn.net/v2/jpg/04/09/56/73/1000_F_409567361_Vs840No8lTdl7bwUusk2ufa3AtNZYwHt.jpg adresinden ulaşılmıştır)

Leung AM. Thyroid Emergencies J Infus Nurs. 2016 Sep-Oct; 39(5): 281–286. doi: 10.1097/NAN.0000000000000186

Ylli D, Klubo-Gwiezdzinska J, Wartofsky L. Thyroıd Emergencıes Pol Arch Intern Med. 2019 Aug 29; 129(7-8): 526–534.Published online 2019 Jun 25. doi: 10.20452/pamw.14876

Johns Hopkins Medicine. The parathyroid glands. (1.08.2022 tarihinde https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/health/conditions-and-diseases/the-parathyroid-glands adresinden ulaşılmıştır)

Lofrese, JL, Basit H, Lappin SL. 2021. Physiology, Parathyroid. StatPearls Publishing. te: September, 2021.

Khan M, Jose A, Sharma S. Physiology, Parathyroid hormone. StatPearls Publishing. 2021.

Endo I, Matsumoto T, Fukumoto S. Pathophysiology and classitication of parathyroidism. Clin Calcium. 2007 Aug;17(8):1175-81.

Pokhrel B, Levine SN. StatPearls [Internet]. StatPearls Publishing; Treasure Island (FL): May 14, 2022. Primary Hyperparathyroidism.

Hans SK, Levine SN. StatPearls [Internet]. StatPearls Publishing; Treasure Island (FL): May 15, 2022. Hypoparathyroidism.

Vakiti A, Mewawalla P. StatPearls [Internet]. StatPearls Publishing; Treasure Island (FL): Jul 25, 2021. Malignancy-Related Hypercalcemia.

Sala TD, Mureşan S, Roman R, et al. Hypercalcaemic Crisis Due to Primary Hyperparathyroidism: Report of Two Cases J Crit Care Med (Targu Mures). 2019 Jan; 5(1): 34–39.Published online 2019 Feb 4. doi: 10.2478/jccm-2019-0004

Turner J, Gittoes N, Selby P, and the Society for Endocrinology Clinical Committee 'Socıety for endocrınology endocrıne emergency guıdance: Emergency management of acute hypocalcaemia in adult patients'Endocr Connect. 2016 Sep; 5(5): G7–G8. Published online 5. doi: 10.1530/EC-16-0056

Dutt M, Wehrle CJ, Jialal I. Physiology, Adrenal Gland Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2022 Jan

Burford NG, Webster NA, Cruz-Topete D. Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis Modulation of Glucocorticoids in the Cardiovascular System. Int J Mol Sci. 2017 Oct 16;18(10)

Wagner CA. Effect of mineralocorticoids on acid-base balance. Nephron Physiol. 2014;128(1-2):26-34.

Utriainen P, Laakso S, Liimatta J, et al. Premature adrenarche--a common condition with variable presentation. Horm Res Paediatr. 2015;83(4):221-31.

Vilela LAP, Almeida MQ. Diagnosis and management of primary aldosteronism. Arch Endocrinol Metab. 2017 May-Jun;61(3):305-312.

El Sayed SA, Mukherjee S. Physiology, Pancreas. 2022 May 8. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2022 Jan–.PMID: 29083590

Tokarz VL, MacDonald PE, Klip A. The cell biology of systemic insulin functionReviewJ Cell Biol. 2018 Jul 2; 217(7):2273-2289. doi: 10.1083/jcb.201802095.

O'Toole TJ, Sharma S. StatPearls [Internet]. StatPearls Publishing; Treasure Island (FL): Jul 26, 2021. Physiology, Somatostatin.

Kalscheuer H, Serfling G, Schmid S, et al. 'Diabetic emergencies : Hypoglycemia, ketoacidotic and hyperglycemic hyperosmolar nonketotic coma' Review. 2017 Oct;58(10):1020-1028.doi: 10.1007/s00108-017-0317-x.

Campbell M, Jialal I. Physiology, Endocrine Hormones StatPearls Publishing; 2022 Jan.

Erkekte ve kadında endokrin bezler ve yerleri (28.07.2022 tarihinde https://www.fikir.gen.tr/endokrin-sistem-nedir-endokrin-bezler-ve-salgiladiklari-hormonlar/ adresinden ulaşılmıştır)

Chrousos GP. The hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and immune-mediated inflammation. N Engl J Med. 1995 May 18;332(20):1351-62.

Hiller-Sturmhöfel SA. The Endocrine System An Overview Alcohol Health Res World. 1998; 22(3): 153–164.PMCID: PMC6761896 PMID: 15706790

Braak H, Braak E. Anatomy of the human hypothalamus (chiasmatic and tuberal region). Prog Brain Res. 1992;93:3-14; discussion 14-6.

Shahid Z, Asuka E, Singh G. Physiology, Hypothalamus StatPearlsPublishing [Internet]. May 8, 2022.

Cocco C, Brancia C, Corda G, et al. The Hypothalamic-Pituitary Axis and Autoantibody Related Disorders. Int J Mol Sci. 2017 Nov 03;18(11)

Yeung AY, Tadi P. StatPearls [Internet]. StatPearls Publishing; Treasure Island (FL): Nov 14, 2021. Physiology, Obesity Neurohormonal Appetite And Satiety Control.

Stagkourakis S, Dunevall J, Taleat Z, et al. Dopamine Release Dynamics in the Tuberoinfundibular Dopamine System. J Neurosci. 2019 May 22;39(21):4009-4022.

Lechan RM, Toni R. Functional Anatomy of the Hypothalamus and Pituitary. In: Feingold KR, Anawalt B, Boyce A, Chrousos G, de Herder WW, Dhatariya K, Dungan K, Hershman JM, Hofland J, Kalra S, Kaltsas G, Koch C, Kopp P, Korbonits M, Kovacs CS, Kuohung W, Laferrère B, Levy M, McGee EA, McLachlan R, Morley JE, New M, Purnell J, Sahay R, Singer F, Sperling MA, Stratakis CA, Trence DL, Wilson DP, editors. Endotext [Internet]. MDText.com, Inc.; South Dartmouth (MA): Nov 28, 2016.

Melmed S . The Pituitary. Malden, MA: Blackwell Science, 2002.

Google Scholar

Ganapathy MK, Tadi P. StatPearls [Internet]. StatPearls Publishing; Treasure Island (FL): Jul 27, 2021. Anatomy, Head and Neck, Pituitary Gland.

Dickstein G, Shechner C, Nicholson WE, et al. Adrenocorticotropin stimulation test: effects of basal cortisol level, time of day, and suggested new sensitive low dose test. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1991 Apr;72(4):773-8.

Al-Chalabi M, Bass AN, Alsalman I. StatPearls [Internet]. StatPearls Publishing; Treasure Island (FL): Jul 29, 2021. Physiology, Prolactin.

El Sayed SA, Fahmy MW, Schwartz J. StatPearls [Internet]. StatPearls Publishing; Treasure Island (FL): May 9, 2021. Physiology, Pituitary Gland.

Brinkman JE, Tariq MA, Leavitt L, et al. StatPearls [Internet]. StatPearls Publishing; Treasure Island (FL): May 7, 2021. Physiology, Growth Hormone.

Pirahanchi Y, Toro F, Jialal I. StatPearls [Internet]. StatPearls Publishing; Treasure Island (FL): May 8, 2022. Physiology, Thyroid Stimulating Hormone.

Osilla EV, Sharma S. StatPearls [Internet]. StatPearls Publishing; Treasure Island (FL): Jul 27, 2021. Oxytocin.

Cuzzo B, Padala SA, Lappin SL. StatPearls [Internet]. StatPearls Publishing; Treasure Island (FL): Aug 27, 2021. Physiology, Vasopressin.

Gaillard RC. Pituitary gland emergencies Review Baillieres Clin Endocrinol Metab 1992 Jan;6(1):57-75. doi: 10.1016/s0950-351x(05)80331-3.PMID: 1739397

Ünlühızarcı K. Hipofiz Hastalıklarında Acil Durumların Tanı ve Tedavisi Turkiye Klinikleri J Endocrin-Special Topics. 2016;9(2):1-4 : REVIEW

Braun D, Schweizer U. Thyroid Hormone Transport and Transporters. Vitam Horm. 2018;106:19-44.

Armstrong M, Asuka E, Fingeret A. Physiology, Thyroid Function StatPearls [Internet]. StatPearls Publishing; Treasure Island (FL): 2022 Jan Branchial Cleft Cyst.

Tiroid hormonunun sentezi ( 31.07.2022 tarihinde https://as2.ftcdn.net/v2/jpg/04/09/56/73/1000_F_409567361_Vs840No8lTdl7bwUusk2ufa3AtNZYwHt.jpg adresinden ulaşılmıştır)

Leung AM. Thyroid Emergencies J Infus Nurs. 2016 Sep-Oct; 39(5): 281–286. doi: 10.1097/NAN.0000000000000186

Ylli D, Klubo-Gwiezdzinska J, Wartofsky L. Thyroıd Emergencıes Pol Arch Intern Med. 2019 Aug 29; 129(7-8): 526–534.Published online 2019 Jun 25. doi: 10.20452/pamw.14876

Johns Hopkins Medicine. The parathyroid glands. (1.08.2022 tarihinde https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/health/conditions-and-diseases/the-parathyroid-glands adresinden ulaşılmıştır)

Lofrese, JL, Basit H, Lappin SL. 2021. Physiology, Parathyroid. StatPearls Publishing. te: September, 2021.

Khan M, Jose A, Sharma S. Physiology, Parathyroid hormone. StatPearls Publishing. 2021.

Endo I, Matsumoto T, Fukumoto S. Pathophysiology and classitication of parathyroidism. Clin Calcium. 2007 Aug;17(8):1175-81.

Pokhrel B, Levine SN. StatPearls [Internet]. StatPearls Publishing; Treasure Island (FL): May 14, 2022. Primary Hyperparathyroidism.

Hans SK, Levine SN. StatPearls [Internet]. StatPearls Publishing; Treasure Island (FL): May 15, 2022. Hypoparathyroidism.

Vakiti A, Mewawalla P. StatPearls [Internet]. StatPearls Publishing; Treasure Island (FL): Jul 25, 2021. Malignancy-Related Hypercalcemia.

Sala TD, Mureşan S, Roman R, et al. Hypercalcaemic Crisis Due to Primary Hyperparathyroidism: Report of Two Cases J Crit Care Med (Targu Mures). 2019 Jan; 5(1): 34–39.Published online 2019 Feb 4. doi: 10.2478/jccm-2019-0004

Turner J, Gittoes N, Selby P, and the Society for Endocrinology Clinical Committee 'Socıety for endocrınology endocrıne emergency guıdance: Emergency management of acute hypocalcaemia in adult patients'Endocr Connect. 2016 Sep; 5(5): G7–G8. Published online 5. doi: 10.1530/EC-16-0056

Dutt M, Wehrle CJ, Jialal I. Physiology, Adrenal Gland Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2022 Jan

Burford NG, Webster NA, Cruz-Topete D. Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis Modulation of Glucocorticoids in the Cardiovascular System. Int J Mol Sci. 2017 Oct 16;18(10)

Wagner CA. Effect of mineralocorticoids on acid-base balance. Nephron Physiol. 2014;128(1-2):26-34.

Utriainen P, Laakso S, Liimatta J, et al. Premature adrenarche--a common condition with variable presentation. Horm Res Paediatr. 2015;83(4):221-31.

Vilela LAP, Almeida MQ. Diagnosis and management of primary aldosteronism. Arch Endocrinol Metab. 2017 May-Jun;61(3):305-312.

El Sayed SA, Mukherjee S. Physiology, Pancreas. 2022 May 8. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2022 Jan–.PMID: 29083590

Tokarz VL, MacDonald PE, Klip A. The cell biology of systemic insulin functionReviewJ Cell Biol. 2018 Jul 2; 217(7):2273-2289. doi: 10.1083/jcb.201802095.

O'Toole TJ, Sharma S. StatPearls [Internet]. StatPearls Publishing; Treasure Island (FL): Jul 26, 2021. Physiology, Somatostatin.

Kalscheuer H, Serfling G, Schmid S, et al. 'Diabetic emergencies : Hypoglycemia, ketoacidotic and hyperglycemic hyperosmolar nonketotic coma' Review. 2017 Oct;58(10):1020-1028.doi: 10.1007/s00108-017-0317-x.