Acil Servis Gözlem Üniteler

Pitts SR, Niska RW, Xu J, Burt CW. National hospital ambulatory medical care survey: 2006 emergency department summary. National Health Statistics Reports 2008; 7: 1–39.

Hogan B, Brachmann M. In-hospital emergency care grows even as the specialty faces staunch political opposition. Emergency Physicians International 2010; 02: 25–6.

Graff LG. Observation Medicine: the Healthcare System’s Tincture of Time. American College of Emergency Physicians. https://acep.org/Physician-Resources/Practice-Resources/Administration/ObservationMedicine (accessed January 2014).

Dixit AK, Nalebuff BJ. Thinking Strategically: the Competitive Edge in Business, Politics, and Everyday Life. New York, NY: Norton, 1993.

Brillman JC, Tandberg D. Observation unit impact on ED admission for asthma. American Journal of Emergency Medicine 1994; 12: 11–14.

Baugh CW, Bohan JS. Estimating observation unit profitability with options modeling. Academic Emergency Medicine 2008; 15:445–52.

Schneider EC, Lieberman T. Publicly disclosed information about the quality of health care: response of the US public. Quality in Health Care 2001; 10: 96–103.

Radosevich DM. A framework for selecting outcome measures for ambulatory care research. Journal of Ambulatory Care Management 1997; 20: 1–9.

Berwick DM, Enthoven A, Bunker JP. Quality management in the NHS: the doctor’s role, I. BMJ 1992; 304: 235–9.

Berwick DM, Enthoven A, Bunker JP. Quality management in the NHS: the doctor’s role, II. BMJ 1992; 304: 304–8.

Peacock WF, Young J, Collins S, Diercks D, Emerman C. Heart failure observation units: optimizing care. Annals of Emergency Medicine 2006; 47: 22–33.

Brachmann M, Geppert R, Niehues C, Petersen PF, Sobotta R. Oekonomische Aspekte der klinischen Notfallversorgung. http://www.dgina.de/media/veroeffent/20090729_Positionspapier_2009_07_08_MB_F.pdf (accessed January 2014).

Greene J. Nurse groups, administrators battle over mandatory nursing ratios: California law debated on national stage. Annals of Emergency Medicine 2009; 54 (3): 31–3.

Greenhalgh J, Long AF, Brettle AJ, Grant MJ. Reviewing and selecting outcome measures for use in routine practice. Journal of Evaluation in Clinical Practice 1998; 4: 339–50.

McGlynn EA. Introduction and overview of the conceptual framework for a national quality measurement and reporting system. Medical Care 2003; 41 (1 Suppl): I1–7.

Goddard M, Davies HT, Dawson D, Mannion R, McInnes F. Clinical performance measurement. Part 2: avoiding the pitfalls. Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine 2002; 95: 549–51.

Zalenski RJ, McCarren M, Roberts R, et al. An evaluation of a chest pain diagnostic protocol to exclude acute cardiac ischemia in the emergency department. Archives of Internal Medicine 1997; 157: 1085–91.

Graff L. Chest pain observation units. Emergency Medicine Journal 2001; 18: 148.

Cunningham R, Walton MA, Weber JE, et al. One-year medical outcomes and emergency department recidivism after emergency department observation for cocaine-associated chest pain. Annals of Emergency Medicine 2009; 53: 310–20.

Rydman RJ, Isola ML, Roberts RR, et al. Emergency department observation unit versus hospital inpatient care for a chronic asthmatic population: a randomized trial of health status outcome and cost. Medical Care 1998; 36: 599–609.

Decker WW, Smars PA, Vaidyanathan L, et al. A prospective, randomized trial of an emergency department observation unit for acute onset atrial fibrillation. Annals of Emergency Medicine 2008; 52: 322–8.

Ross MA, Compton S, Medado P, et al. An emergency department diagnostic protocol for patients with transient ischemic attack: a randomized controlled trial. Annals of Emergency Medicine 2007; 50: 109–19.

Rydman RJ, Zalenski RJ, Roberts RR, et al. Patient satisfaction with an emergency department chest pain observation unit. Annals of Emergency Medicine 1997; 29: 109–15.

Rydman RJ, Roberts RR, Albrecht GL, Zalenski RJ, McDermott M. Patient satisfaction with an emergency department asthma observation unit. Academic Emergency Medicine 1999; 6: 178–83.

Barr JK, Giannotti TE, Sofaer S, et al. Using public reports of patient satisfaction for hospital quality improvement. Health Services Research 2006; 41: 663–82.

Jaffe AS, Babuin L, Apple FS. Biomarkers in acute cardiac disease: the present and the future. Journal of the American College of Cardiology 2006; 48: 1–11.

Cheung DS, Kelly JJ, Beach C, et al. Improving handoffs in the emergency department. Annals of Emergency Medicine 2010; 55: 171–80.

Baker GR, Norton PG, Flintoft V, et al. The Canadian adverse events study: the incidence of adverse events among hospital patients in Canada. CMAJ 2004; 170: 1678–86.

Roberts R, Graff LG. Economic issues in observation unit medicine. Emergency Medicine Clinics of North America 2001; 19: 19–33.

Graff L. Observation Medicine. Stroneham: Andover, 1993.

Sieck S. Cost effectiveness of chest pain units. Cardiology Clinics 2005; 23: 589–99.

Lied TR. Performance measures and batting averages. Health Affairs (Millwood) 1999; 18: 260–1.

The President’s Advisory Commission on Consumer Protection and Quality in the Health Care Industry: report synopsis. Caring 1998; 17: 22–41.

Finarelli M. Observation units can improve outcomes, financial performance. Health Care Strategic Management 2003; 21 (8): 10–12.

McGlynn EA. Selecting common measures of quality and system performance. Medical Care 2003; 41 (1 Suppl): I39–47.

Siu AL, McGlynn EA, Morgenstern H, et al. Choosing quality of care measures based on the expected impact of improved care on health. Health Services Research 1992; 27: 619–50.

Bolmey AL. Outcome measures in the health-care industry: an elusive goal. Obesity Research 2002; 10 (Suppl 1): 10S–13S.

Nelson EC, Mohr JJ, Batalden PB, Plume SK. Improving health care, part 1: the clinical value compass. Joint Commission Journal on Quality Improvement 1996; 22: 243–58.

Brillman J, Mathers-Dunbar L, Graff L, et al. Management of observation units. American College of Emergency Physicians. Annals of Emergency Medicine 1995; 25: 823–30.

Wiler JL, Gentle C, Halfpenny JM, et al. Optimizing emergency department front-end operations. Annals of Emergency Medicine 2010; 55: 142–61.

Pitts SR, Niska RW, Xu J, Burt CW. National hospital ambulatory medical care survey: 2006 emergency department summary. National Health Statistics Reports 2008; 7: 1–39.

Hogan B, Brachmann M. In-hospital emergency care grows even as the specialty faces staunch political opposition. Emergency Physicians International 2010; 02: 25–6.

Graff LG. Observation Medicine: the Healthcare System’s Tincture of Time. American College of Emergency Physicians. https://acep.org/Physician-Resources/Practice-Resources/Administration/ObservationMedicine (accessed January 2014).

Dixit AK, Nalebuff BJ. Thinking Strategically: the Competitive Edge in Business, Politics, and Everyday Life. New York, NY: Norton, 1993.

Brillman JC, Tandberg D. Observation unit impact on ED admission for asthma. American Journal of Emergency Medicine 1994; 12: 11–14.

Baugh CW, Bohan JS. Estimating observation unit profitability with options modeling. Academic Emergency Medicine 2008; 15:445–52.

Schneider EC, Lieberman T. Publicly disclosed information about the quality of health care: response of the US public. Quality in Health Care 2001; 10: 96–103.

Radosevich DM. A framework for selecting outcome measures for ambulatory care research. Journal of Ambulatory Care Management 1997; 20: 1–9.

Berwick DM, Enthoven A, Bunker JP. Quality management in the NHS: the doctor’s role, I. BMJ 1992; 304: 235–9.

Berwick DM, Enthoven A, Bunker JP. Quality management in the NHS: the doctor’s role, II. BMJ 1992; 304: 304–8.

Peacock WF, Young J, Collins S, Diercks D, Emerman C. Heart failure observation units: optimizing care. Annals of Emergency Medicine 2006; 47: 22–33.

Brachmann M, Geppert R, Niehues C, Petersen PF, Sobotta R. Oekonomische Aspekte der klinischen Notfallversorgung. http://www.dgina.de/media/veroeffent/20090729_Positionspapier_2009_07_08_MB_F.pdf (accessed January 2014).

Greene J. Nurse groups, administrators battle over mandatory nursing ratios: California law debated on national stage. Annals of Emergency Medicine 2009; 54 (3): 31–3.

Greenhalgh J, Long AF, Brettle AJ, Grant MJ. Reviewing and selecting outcome measures for use in routine practice. Journal of Evaluation in Clinical Practice 1998; 4: 339–50.

McGlynn EA. Introduction and overview of the conceptual framework for a national quality measurement and reporting system. Medical Care 2003; 41 (1 Suppl): I1–7.

Goddard M, Davies HT, Dawson D, Mannion R, McInnes F. Clinical performance measurement. Part 2: avoiding the pitfalls. Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine 2002; 95: 549–51.

Zalenski RJ, McCarren M, Roberts R, et al. An evaluation of a chest pain diagnostic protocol to exclude acute cardiac ischemia in the emergency department. Archives of Internal Medicine 1997; 157: 1085–91.

Graff L. Chest pain observation units. Emergency Medicine Journal 2001; 18: 148.

Cunningham R, Walton MA, Weber JE, et al. One-year medical outcomes and emergency department recidivism after emergency department observation for cocaine-associated chest pain. Annals of Emergency Medicine 2009; 53: 310–20.

Rydman RJ, Isola ML, Roberts RR, et al. Emergency department observation unit versus hospital inpatient care for a chronic asthmatic population: a randomized trial of health status outcome and cost. Medical Care 1998; 36: 599–609.

Decker WW, Smars PA, Vaidyanathan L, et al. A prospective, randomized trial of an emergency department observation unit for acute onset atrial fibrillation. Annals of Emergency Medicine 2008; 52: 322–8.

Ross MA, Compton S, Medado P, et al. An emergency department diagnostic protocol for patients with transient ischemic attack: a randomized controlled trial. Annals of Emergency Medicine 2007; 50: 109–19.

Rydman RJ, Zalenski RJ, Roberts RR, et al. Patient satisfaction with an emergency department chest pain observation unit. Annals of Emergency Medicine 1997; 29: 109–15.

Rydman RJ, Roberts RR, Albrecht GL, Zalenski RJ, McDermott M. Patient satisfaction with an emergency department asthma observation unit. Academic Emergency Medicine 1999; 6: 178–83.

Barr JK, Giannotti TE, Sofaer S, et al. Using public reports of patient satisfaction for hospital quality improvement. Health Services Research 2006; 41: 663–82.

Jaffe AS, Babuin L, Apple FS. Biomarkers in acute cardiac disease: the present and the future. Journal of the American College of Cardiology 2006; 48: 1–11.

Cheung DS, Kelly JJ, Beach C, et al. Improving handoffs in the emergency department. Annals of Emergency Medicine 2010; 55: 171–80.

Baker GR, Norton PG, Flintoft V, et al. The Canadian adverse events study: the incidence of adverse events among hospital patients in Canada. CMAJ 2004; 170: 1678–86.

Roberts R, Graff LG. Economic issues in observation unit medicine. Emergency Medicine Clinics of North America 2001; 19: 19–33.

Graff L. Observation Medicine. Stroneham: Andover, 1993.

Sieck S. Cost effectiveness of chest pain units. Cardiology Clinics 2005; 23: 589–99.

Lied TR. Performance measures and batting averages. Health Affairs (Millwood) 1999; 18: 260–1.

The President’s Advisory Commission on Consumer Protection and Quality in the Health Care Industry: report synopsis. Caring 1998; 17: 22–41.

Finarelli M. Observation units can improve outcomes, financial performance. Health Care Strategic Management 2003; 21 (8): 10–12.

McGlynn EA. Selecting common measures of quality and system performance. Medical Care 2003; 41 (1 Suppl): I39–47.

Siu AL, McGlynn EA, Morgenstern H, et al. Choosing quality of care measures based on the expected impact of improved care on health. Health Services Research 1992; 27: 619–50.

Bolmey AL. Outcome measures in the health-care industry: an elusive goal. Obesity Research 2002; 10 (Suppl 1): 10S–13S.

Nelson EC, Mohr JJ, Batalden PB, Plume SK. Improving health care, part 1: the clinical value compass. Joint Commission Journal on Quality Improvement 1996; 22: 243–58.

Brillman J, Mathers-Dunbar L, Graff L, et al. Management of observation units. American College of Emergency Physicians. Annals of Emergency Medicine 1995; 25: 823–30.

Wiler JL, Gentle C, Halfpenny JM, et al. Optimizing emergency department front-end operations. Annals of Emergency Medicine 2010; 55: 142–61.