Benign Diseases of The Lung: Interventional Bronchoscopic Treatments In COPD
Özet
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a common, preventable and treatable disease that is characterized by persistent respiratory symptoms and airflow limitation. While the treatment is based on smoking cessation, bronchodilator drug therapy and pulmonary rehabilitation, these treatments are insufficient in many patients. In recent years, advances in the field of bronchoscopic interventional pulmonology have also given a new dimension to the treatment of obstructive airway diseases. Endobronchial-intrabronchial valve, coil and thermal vapor ablation treatments are included in the guidelines. These treatment options showed significant improvements in exercise function, exercise capacity and life quality of patients. Besides, clinical trials on targeted lung denervation, artificial airway formation, metered cryo-spray and bronchodilator balloon treatment are continued.Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), is characterized by persistent respiratory symptoms and airflow limitation due to exposure of noxious particles or gases. It is a common, preventable and treatable disease [1]. COPD has two components; emphysema and chronic bronchitis. Due to bronchoconstriction and early small airway collapse in the emphysema phenotype, the air cannot expire sufficiently from the lungs in expiration and causes excessive lung aeration (hyperinflation) over the years. The effects of medical and other treatments (such as smoking cessation, beta-2 agonists, anticholinergic drugs, oral-inhaled steroids, oxygen therapy and pulmonary rehabilitation) are very limited in reducing this hyperinflation. In the National Emphysema Treatment Trial (NETT) study, surgical lung volume reduction (LVRS) has been considered a therapeutic alternative for patients with advanced obstructive lung disease. Despite higher mortality rates (16% at 30 days, %7,9 up to 90 days), there were significant improvements in exercise capacity and health-related quality
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