Dolaşım / Hematopoetik Sistem Hastalıkları
Özet
Bu bölüm, atlarda dolaşım ve hematopoetik sistemleri hedef alan, subklinik seyirli enfeksiyonların yanı sıra ciddi klinik bulgulara neden olan viral enfeksiyonları incelemektedir. Culicoides cinsi sineklerle bulaşan AHS, %95’e varan mortalitesi, şiddetli akciğer ödemi ve kalp yetmezliğiyle karakterize yıkıcı bir hastalıktır ve ülkemizde ihbarı mecburi, tazminatlı hastalıklar statüsündedir. Klinik açıdan AHS’yi taklit etse de mortalitesi oldukça düşük olan EE, özellikle ayırıcı tanıda önem taşır. Dolaşım sistemini doğrudan etkileyen bir diğer patojen, vaskülite yol açarak ateş, ödem ve abortlara neden olan EVA’dır; bu enfeksiyonda aygırların portör kalması epidemiyolojik açıdan kritiktir. Hematopoetik sistemi hedef alan EIA, yaşam boyu persiste seyreden bir lentiviral enfeksiyondur ve yayılımında subklinik taşıyıcılar önemli rol oynar. Bölümde ayrıca, henüz belirgin bir klinik hastalıkla ilişkilendirilemeyen SalV ve kene-kemirgen döngüsüyle bulaşan zoonotik karakterli OHF gibi diğer ajanlara da yer verilmiştir. Hastalıkların genel kontrol ve korunma stratejilerinin temelini; düzenli aşılama, sıkı karantina ve etkin vektör mücadelesi oluşturmaktadır.
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