COVID-19 ve Biyokimyasal Parametreler
Synopsis
This study examines in detail the pathogenesis of COVID-19 infection and the biochemical parameters that play a critical role in predicting disease course and mortality. By binding to ACE2 receptors with high affinity via its S-protein, the SARS-CoV-2 virus causes organ damage in cardiovascular, hepatobiliary, and renal systems in addition to the lungs. Elevated Troponin and NT-proBNP levels are directly associated with myocardial injury, cardiovascular complications, heart failure, and an increased risk of death. Increases in creatine kinase (CK, CK-MB) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels serve as significant indicators of tissue, lung, and myocardial damage, pointing to a poor prognosis. Acute phase reactants and cytokines such as C-reactive protein (CRP), Interleukin-6 (IL-6), and procalcitonin (PCT) play a vital role in the early detection and monitoring of severe inflammation, respiratory failure, cytokine storm syndrome, and potential bacterial superinfections. In addition, hypoalbuminemia is evaluated as an independent predictor of critical disease progression and mortality. Abnormalities in liver function tests (AST, ALT, GGT) develop secondary to direct viral effects, excessive host inflammatory responses, drug-induced hepatotoxicity, and hypoxic hepatitis. Hyperferritinemia reflects an exaggerated immune response, hyperinflammation, and the magnitude of the cytokine storm. In conclusion, regular monitoring of these biochemical biomarkers enables the early identification of high-risk patients, the optimization of aggressive treatment strategies, and the accurate management of clinical decision-making processes.
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