Sınıf II Maloklüzyonlarda Sagittal ve Vertikal Kraniyofasiyal Morfoloji
Synopsis
Class II malocclusions are heterogeneous anomalies that cannot be explained by a single craniofacial morphology and may result from different combinations of skeletal and dentoalveolar components. This chapter reviews the sagittal and vertical craniofacial characteristics of Class II malocclusions and their interaction in light of current evidence. The contributions of cranial base morphology, maxillary and mandibular position, mandibular growth and rotation, facial heights, ramus, body and symphyseal morphology, and dentoalveolar compensations are discussed. The effects of hypodivergent, normodivergent, and hyperdivergent growth patterns on sagittal jaw relationships and dental occlusion are also examined, while dental and skeletal differences between Class II Division 1 and Division 2 malocclusions are considered within the context of sagittal–vertical interactions. Current evidence indicates that similar sagittal relationships may arise through different morphological mechanisms and that the vertical growth pattern is an important determinant of this variability. Therefore, comprehensive assessment of sagittal jaw relationships, vertical growth patterns, dentoalveolar compensations, and anatomical boundaries is essential for individualized diagnosis and treatment planning in patients with Class II malocclusion.
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