Diş Hekimliğinde Bilişsel Davranışçı Terapi Yaklaşımları ve Hipnoz
Özet
Çocuklarda dental anksiyete tek bir korku tepkisi değildir; beklenti, kaçınma ve pekişmeyle kendini besleyen bir döngüdür. Bu döngü göz ardı edildiğinde müdahaleler çocuğun o seanstaki davranışını düzeltir, ama korkuyu ayakta tutan mekanizmaya dokunmaz. Çocuk diş hekimliği son yıllarda çocuğu denetlemeye dayanan bir anlayıştan, onun bilişsel ve duygusal gelişimini merkeze alan bir yaklaşıma geçmiştir. Burada önemli olan hangi tekniğin seçildiği değil, müdahalenin korkuyu üreten sürecin neresine denk geldiğidir. Bilişsel-davranışçı terapi tam da bu noktaya yerleşir. Çocuğun beklediği zararı olduğundan büyük görmesini ve kaçınmanın verdiği geçici rahatlamayı doğrudan hedef alır; böylece kazanılan beceri tek bir seansta kalmaz, sonraki randevulara taşınır. Hipnoz ise aynı döngüye telkin yoluyla müdahale eder. Dikkatin ve ağrı deneyiminin değiştirilebildiğini gösterir; farmakolojik yöntemlerin uygun olmadığı ya da davranışsal tekniklerin yetmediği durumlarda anlamlı bir seçenek sunar. Bu yöntemlerin önündeki engel kanıt eksikliği değildir. Asıl sorun klinikte zaman bulunamaması, yeterli eğitim verilmemesi ve hekimin kendine güven duymamasıdır. Psikolojik yaklaşımların rutine girmesi, mezuniyet öncesi ve sonrası eğitimde bu alana daha geniş yer ayrılmasına bağlıdır.
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ARPACI Ö. SAĞLIK BAKANLIĞI TARAFINDAN KABUL EDİLEN GELENEKSEL VE TAMAMLAYICI TIP UYGULAMALARI VE BUNLARIN HUKUKA UYGUNLUĞUNUN DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ. Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi Dergisi. 2021 Nov 22. doi:10.33717/deuhfd.998230
