Meme Kanseri ve Paraneoplastik Sendromlar
Özet
Paraneoplastik sendromlar (PNS), kanserin doğrudan etkileriyle veya tedaviyle açıklanamayan, sistemik belirtilerle seyreden klinik tablolardır. Meme kanserinde endokrin, nörolojik, dermatolojik, hematolojik ve romatolojik sistemleri etkileyen geniş bir PNS yelpazesi görülür. Bu sendromlar bazen tümör tanısından önce ortaya çıkarak erken tanı şansı yaratabilir. En sık görülen örnekler; humoral hiperkalsemi, dermatomiyozit, paraneoplastik nöropatiler, Trousseau sendromu ve vaskülitik bulgulardır. Tanıda klinik şüphe, laboratuvar testleri, görüntüleme yöntemleri ve onkonöral antikor incelemeleri yol göstericidir. Tedavide temel hedef altta yatan kanserin kontrolüdür; ek olarak immünosüpresif, destekleyici ve semptomatik yaklaşımlar uygulanabilir. Bu bölüm, meme kanseriyle ilişkili PNS’nin patogenezi, tanı yaklaşımı, tedavi stratejileri ve prognostik önemini bütüncül biçimde ele almaktadır.
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