Akut Viral Gastroenteritler
Özet
Akut enfeksiyoz gastroenteritlerin en sık nedenleri viral kaynaklı ishallerdir. Genellikle fekal oral yolla bulaşırlar. Çocuklarda ishal çeşitli şekillerde sınıflandırılırlar. İshal; normal bağırsak alışkanlığına göre ateş veya kusmanın eşlik ettiği veya etmediği dışkılama sıklığında artış (tipik olarak 24 saatte 3), dışkı kıvamının yumuşaması olarak tanımlanırken; özellikle yaşamın ilk aylarında, dışkı kıvamında önceki dışkı kıvamına göre değişiklik ishalin göstergesidir. Temel tedavi ishale bağlı olarak gelişen dehidrasyonu zamanında başarılı bir şekilde yönetmektir. Ancak sıvı kaybının zamanında yerine konulması mortaliteyi azaltmak için en önemli müdahaledir. Diğer terapötik hususlar arasında sıvı ve elektrolit tedavisi, diyet yönetimi, ishal önleyici bileşiklerle spesifik olmayan tedavi yer alır.
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