Diyabetik Ketoasidoz

Curtis JR, To T, Muirhead S, et al. Recent trends in hospitalization for diabetic ketoacidosis in Ontario children. Diabetes care. 2002;25(9):1591-1596. doi:10.2337/diacare.25.9.1591.

Glaser N, Fritsch M, Priyambada L, et al. ISPAD clinical practice consensus guidelines 2022: Diabetic ketoacidosis and hyperglycemic hyperosmolar state. Pediatr Diabetes. 2022;23(7):835-856. doi:10.1111/pedi.13406.

Zeitler P, Haqq A, Rosenbloom A, et al. Hyperglycemic hyperosmolar syndrome in children: pathophysiological considerations and suggested guidelines for treatment. The Journal of pediatrics. 2011;158(1):9-14. e12. doi:10.1016/j.jpeds.2010.09.048.

Koves IH, Neutze J, Donath S, et al. The accuracy of clinical assessment of dehydration during diabetic ketoacidosis in childhood. Diabetes care. 2004;27(10):2485-2487. doi:10.2337/diacare.27.10.2485.

Sottosanti M, Morrison GC, Singh RN, et al. Dehydration in children with diabetic ketoacidosis: a prospective study. Arch Dis Child. 2012;97(2):96-100. doi:10.1136/archdischild-2011-300173

Ugale J, Mata A, Meert KL, et al. Measured degree of dehydration in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetic ketoacidosis. Pediatr Crit Care Med. 2012;13(2):e103-e107. doi:10.1097/PCC.0b013e3182231493.

Perez MM, Medar S, Quigley L, et al. QTc Prolongation in Pediatric Patients with Diabetic Ketoacidosis. J Pediatr. 2021;228:235-239.e2. doi:10.1016/j.jpeds.2020.08.085.

Glaser N, Barnett P, McCaslin I, et al. Risk factors for cerebral edema in children with diabetic ketoacidosis. The Pediatric Emergency Medicine Collaborative Research Committee of the American Academy of Pediatrics. N Engl J Med. 2001;344(4):264-269. doi:10.1056/NEJM200101253440404.

Luzi L, Barrett EJ, Groop LC, et al. Metabolic effects of low-dose insulin therapy on glucose metabolism in diabetic ketoacidosis. Diabetes. 1988;37(11):1470-1477. doi:10.2337/diab.37.11.1470.

Nallasamy K, Jayashree M, Singhi S, et al. Low-dose vs standard-dose insulin in pediatric diabetic ketoacidosis: a randomized clinical trial. JAMA Pediatr. 2014;168(11):999-1005. doi:10.1001/jamapediatrics.2014.1211.

Grimberg A, Cerri RW, Satin-Smith M, et al. The “two bag system” for variable intravenous dextrose and fluid administration: benefits in diabetic ketoacidosis management. J Pediatr. 1999;134(3):376-378. doi:10.1016/s0022-3476(99)70469-5.

Sherr JL, Schoelwer M, Dos Santos TJ, et al. ISPAD Clinical Practice Consensus Guidelines 2022: Diabetes technologies: Insulin delivery. Pediatr Diabetes. 2022;23(8):1406-1431. doi:10.1111/pedi.13421.

Puttha R, Cooke D, Subbarayan A, et al. Low dose (0.05 units/kg/h) is comparable with standard dose (0.1 units/kg/h) intravenous insulin infusion for the initial treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis in children with type 1 diabetes—an observational study. Pediatr Diabetes. 2010;11(1):12-17. doi:10.1111/j.1399-5448.2009.00536.x.

Priyambada L, Wolfsdorf JI, Brink SJ, et al. ISPAD Clinical Practice Consensus Guideline: Diabetic ketoacidosis in the time of COVID‐19 and resource‐limited settings‐role of subcutaneous insulin. Pediatr Diabetes. 2020;21(8):1394-1402. doi:10.1111/pedi.13118.

Okuda Y, Adrogue HJ, Field JB, et al. Counterproductive effects of sodium bicarbonate in diabetic ketoacidosis. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1996;81(1):314-320. doi:10.1210/jcem.81.1.8550770.

Harrison VS, Rustico S, Palladino AA, et al. Glargine co‐administration with intravenous insulin in pediatric diabetic ketoacidosis is safe and facilitates transition to a subcutaneous regimen. Pediatr Diabetes. 2017;18(8):742-748. doi:10.1111/pedi.12462.

Bureau MA, Bégin R, Berthiaume Y, et al. Cerebral hypoxia from bicarbonate infusion in diabetic acidosis. J Pediatr. 1980;96(6):968-973. doi:10.1016/s0022-3476(80)80619-6.

Muir AB, Quisling RG, Yang MC, et al. Cerebral edema in childhood diabetic ketoacidosis: natural history, radiographic findings, and early identification. Diabetes Care. 2004;27(7):1541-1546. doi:10.2337/diacare.27.7.1541.

Curtis JR, To T, Muirhead S, et al. Recent trends in hospitalization for diabetic ketoacidosis in Ontario children. Diabetes care. 2002;25(9):1591-1596. doi:10.2337/diacare.25.9.1591.

Glaser N, Fritsch M, Priyambada L, et al. ISPAD clinical practice consensus guidelines 2022: Diabetic ketoacidosis and hyperglycemic hyperosmolar state. Pediatr Diabetes. 2022;23(7):835-856. doi:10.1111/pedi.13406.

Zeitler P, Haqq A, Rosenbloom A, et al. Hyperglycemic hyperosmolar syndrome in children: pathophysiological considerations and suggested guidelines for treatment. The Journal of pediatrics. 2011;158(1):9-14. e12. doi:10.1016/j.jpeds.2010.09.048.

Koves IH, Neutze J, Donath S, et al. The accuracy of clinical assessment of dehydration during diabetic ketoacidosis in childhood. Diabetes care. 2004;27(10):2485-2487. doi:10.2337/diacare.27.10.2485.

Sottosanti M, Morrison GC, Singh RN, et al. Dehydration in children with diabetic ketoacidosis: a prospective study. Arch Dis Child. 2012;97(2):96-100. doi:10.1136/archdischild-2011-300173

Ugale J, Mata A, Meert KL, et al. Measured degree of dehydration in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetic ketoacidosis. Pediatr Crit Care Med. 2012;13(2):e103-e107. doi:10.1097/PCC.0b013e3182231493.

Perez MM, Medar S, Quigley L, et al. QTc Prolongation in Pediatric Patients with Diabetic Ketoacidosis. J Pediatr. 2021;228:235-239.e2. doi:10.1016/j.jpeds.2020.08.085.

Glaser N, Barnett P, McCaslin I, et al. Risk factors for cerebral edema in children with diabetic ketoacidosis. The Pediatric Emergency Medicine Collaborative Research Committee of the American Academy of Pediatrics. N Engl J Med. 2001;344(4):264-269. doi:10.1056/NEJM200101253440404.

Luzi L, Barrett EJ, Groop LC, et al. Metabolic effects of low-dose insulin therapy on glucose metabolism in diabetic ketoacidosis. Diabetes. 1988;37(11):1470-1477. doi:10.2337/diab.37.11.1470.

Nallasamy K, Jayashree M, Singhi S, et al. Low-dose vs standard-dose insulin in pediatric diabetic ketoacidosis: a randomized clinical trial. JAMA Pediatr. 2014;168(11):999-1005. doi:10.1001/jamapediatrics.2014.1211.

Grimberg A, Cerri RW, Satin-Smith M, et al. The “two bag system” for variable intravenous dextrose and fluid administration: benefits in diabetic ketoacidosis management. J Pediatr. 1999;134(3):376-378. doi:10.1016/s0022-3476(99)70469-5.

Sherr JL, Schoelwer M, Dos Santos TJ, et al. ISPAD Clinical Practice Consensus Guidelines 2022: Diabetes technologies: Insulin delivery. Pediatr Diabetes. 2022;23(8):1406-1431. doi:10.1111/pedi.13421.

Puttha R, Cooke D, Subbarayan A, et al. Low dose (0.05 units/kg/h) is comparable with standard dose (0.1 units/kg/h) intravenous insulin infusion for the initial treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis in children with type 1 diabetes—an observational study. Pediatr Diabetes. 2010;11(1):12-17. doi:10.1111/j.1399-5448.2009.00536.x.

Priyambada L, Wolfsdorf JI, Brink SJ, et al. ISPAD Clinical Practice Consensus Guideline: Diabetic ketoacidosis in the time of COVID‐19 and resource‐limited settings‐role of subcutaneous insulin. Pediatr Diabetes. 2020;21(8):1394-1402. doi:10.1111/pedi.13118.

Okuda Y, Adrogue HJ, Field JB, et al. Counterproductive effects of sodium bicarbonate in diabetic ketoacidosis. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1996;81(1):314-320. doi:10.1210/jcem.81.1.8550770.

Harrison VS, Rustico S, Palladino AA, et al. Glargine co‐administration with intravenous insulin in pediatric diabetic ketoacidosis is safe and facilitates transition to a subcutaneous regimen. Pediatr Diabetes. 2017;18(8):742-748. doi:10.1111/pedi.12462.

Bureau MA, Bégin R, Berthiaume Y, et al. Cerebral hypoxia from bicarbonate infusion in diabetic acidosis. J Pediatr. 1980;96(6):968-973. doi:10.1016/s0022-3476(80)80619-6.

Muir AB, Quisling RG, Yang MC, et al. Cerebral edema in childhood diabetic ketoacidosis: natural history, radiographic findings, and early identification. Diabetes Care. 2004;27(7):1541-1546. doi:10.2337/diacare.27.7.1541.