Epilepsi Tanı ve Tedavisi
Özet
Epilepsi, beyindeki anormal nöral aktivitelerle ortaya çıkan, tekrarlayan nöbetlerle karakterize bir bozukluktur. Epilepsi, Uluslararası Epilepsi ile Savaş Ligi (International League Against Epilepsy-ILAE) tarafından belirlenen kriterlere göre tanımlanır ve nöbetler fokal veya jeneralize olarak sınıflandırılır. Nöbetin farkındalık durumu ve motor/non-motor belirtileri tanıyı destekler. Epilepsi, senkop, migren ve panik atak gibi durumlarla ayırt edilmelidir. Fotosensitivite, uyku eksikliği ve stres gibi tetikleyiciler nöbetleri provoke edebilir. Epilepsi tedavisinde amaç, nöbetleri kontrol altına almak ve yaşam kalitesini iyileştirmektir. Nöbet önleyici ilaç (NÖİ) seçimi, hastanın özelliklerine göre bireyselleştirilir. Monoterapi genellikle ilk tercih olup, gerektiğinde kombine tedavi uygulanabilir. Epilepsi tedavisinde bireyselleştirilmiş stratejiler ve teknolojik gelişmeler, tedavi sonuçlarını iyileştirmektedir. Disiplinler arası iş birliği, hasta yönetiminde kritik bir rol oynar.
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