Ülkelerin Okula Hazırbulunuşluk Politikaları
Özet
Bu bölümde farklı ülkelerde yürütülen okula hazırbulunuşluluğu destekleme politikaları ele alınmıştır. Bu doğrultuda ülkelerin çocuğu okula hazırlama, çocuğun okula başlaması ve eğitim kademeleri arasındaki geçiş süreçlerine ilişkin resmi raporlar, erken çocukluk eğitim programları ve zorunlu eğitim programları incelenerek genel bir çerçeve sunulmuştur. Sonuç olarak Amerika Birleşik Devletleri, Avustralya gibi ülkelerin çocukların okula hazırlığını desteklemek amacıyla öğretmen, ebeveyn, çocuk boyutlarında programlar hazırladığı, bazı ülkelerin ise erken çocukluk eğitimine erişim ve katılımı teşvik ettiği görülmüştür.
Referanslar
Ackerman, D. J., & Barnett, W. S. (2005). Prepared for Kindergarten: What Does" readiness" Mean?. New Brunswick, NJ: Nieer.
Act on Early Childhood Education and Care 540 (2018). Erişim Tarihi: 28 Kasım 2024. https://www.finlex.fi/en/laki/kaannokset/2018/en20180540.pdf
Basic Education Act 628, (1998). Erişim Tarihi: 28 Kasım 2024. https://www.finlex.fi/fi/laki/kaannokset/1998/en19980628.pdf
Belongıng, Beıng & Becomıng The Early Years Learning Framework for Australia, (2022). Erişim Tarihi: 19 Kasım 2024. https://www.acecqa.gov.au/sites/default/files/2023-01/EYLF-2022-V2.0.pdf
Brighter Futures - Service Provision Guidelines, (2014). Erişim Tarihi: 22 Kasım 2024. https://ngolearning.com.au/files/Online Classroom/BF/BrighterFuturesServiceProvisionGuidelinesJuly2014.pdf
Brighter Futures Funded Services, (2022). Erişim Tarihi: 22 Kasım 2024. https://www.facs.nsw.gov.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0005/318992/Brighter-Futures-funded-services-lead-agencies-by-local-government-areas.pdf
Dockett, S., & Perry, B. (2002). Who's ready for what? Young children starting school. Contemporary Issues in Early Childhood, 3(1), 67-89.
Dockett, S. & Perry, B. (2014). Continuity of Learning: A resource to support effective transition to school and school age care. Canberra, ACT: Australian Government Department of Education.
European Commission, (2022). Access Finland. Erişim Tarihi: 1 25 Ekim 2024 https://eurydice.eacea.ec.europa.eu/national-education-systems/finland/access
European Commission, (2022). Organisation of centre-based ECEC Finland. Erişim Tarihi: 1 25 Ekim 2024 https://eurydice.eacea.ec.europa.eu/national-education-systems/finland/organisation-centre-based-ecec
European Commission, (2022). Single-Structure Primary And Lower Secondary Education Finland. Erişim Tarihi: 1 25 Ekim 2024 https://eurydice.eacea.ec.europa.eu/national-education-systems/finland/single-structure-primary-and-lower-secondary-education
European Commission, (2022). Access Sweden. Erişim Tarihi: 1 25 Ekim 2024 https://eurydice.eacea.ec.europa.eu/national-education-systems/sweden/access
European Commission, (2022). Organisation Of Centre-Based ECEC Sweden. Erişim Tarihi: 1 25 Ekim 2024 https://eurydice.eacea.ec.europa.eu/national-education-systems/sweden/organisation-centre-based-ecec
European Commission, (2022). Single-Structure Primary And Lower Secondary Education Sweden. Erişim Tarihi: 1 25 Ekim 2024 https://eurydice.eacea.ec.europa.eu/national- education-systems/sweden/organisation-single-structure-education
European Commission, (2022). Access Norway. Erişim Tarihi: 1 25 Ekim 2024 https://eurydice.eacea.ec.europa.eu/national-education-systems/norway/access
European Commission, (2022). Organisation of centre-based ECEC Norway. Erişim Tarihi: 1 25 Ekim 2024 https://eurydice.eacea.ec.europa.eu/national-education-systems/norway/organisation-centre-based-ecec
European Commission, (2022). Single-Structure Primary And Lower Secondary Education Norway. Erişim Tarihi: 1 25 Ekim 2024 https://eurydice.eacea.ec.europa.eu/national-education-systems/norway/single-structure-primary-and-lower-secondary-education
First 5 California Strategic Plan (2014). Erişim Tarihi: 24 Kasım 2024. https://www.ccfc.ca.gov/pdf/about/budget_perf/F5CA_Strategic_Plan_2017.pdf
https://www.acf.hhs.gov/ecd/early-learning/head-start
https://www.incredibleyears.com/start-a-program
https://highscope.org/project/perry-preschool-study/
https://www.servicesaustralia.gov.au/school-years?context=60007#a4
https://www.thesmithfamily.com.au/programs/literacy/lets-read
https://www.vic.gov.au/best-start#outcomes
https://goodbeginnings.net.au/our-programs/
https://www.moe.gov.sg/primary/compulsory-education/overview
https://www.moe.gov.sg/primary/curriculum/overview
https://www.unesco.org/en/sdg4scorecard-dashboard
ISCED Diagrams Norway, (2021). Erişim Tarihi: 29 Kasım 2024. https://isced.uis.unesco.org/visualizations/
ISCED Mapping Sweden (2011). Erişim Tarihi: 27 Ekim 2024. https://isced.uis.unesco.org/data-mapping/
LPFÖ (2018). Curriculum for the Preschool. https://www.skolverket.se/download/18.6bfaca41169863e6a65d897/1553968298535/pdf4049.pdf
Ministry for Foreign Affairs of Finland, (2024). Educatıon In Fınland.
Ministry of Education Republic of Singapore, (2022). Nurturing Early Learners A Curriculum Framework for Preschool Education in Singapore.
Ministry of Education Republic of Singapore, (2022). Nurturing Early Learners Educators’ Guıde For Aesthetıcs And Creatıve Expressıon.
Ministry of Education Republic of Singapore, (2022). Nurturing Early Learners Educators’ Guıde For Dıscovery Of The World.
Ministry of Education Republic of Singapore, (2022). Nurturing Early Learners Educators’ Guıde For Language And Lıteracy.
Ministry of Education Republic of Singapore, (2013). NEL Framework for Mother Tongue Language.
My Time, Our Place- Framework School Age Care in Australia, (2022). Erişim Tarihi:19 Kasım 2024. https://www.acecqa.gov.au/sites/default/files/2018-05/my_time_our_place_framework_for_school_age_care_in_australia_0.pdf
NCECDTL (2017). Early Childhood Cirruculum. Erişim Tarihi: 24 Kasım 2024. https://eclkc.ohs.acf.hhs.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/ncedtl-ecc-research-based-curriculum.pdf
Norwegian Directorate For Education Training, (2017). Framework Plan for Kinder¬gartens.
OECD (2023). Education at a Glance 2023 OECD Indıcators. Erişim Tarihi: 3 Kasım 2024. https://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/education/education-at-a-glance-2023_e13bef63-en
OECD (2023). Country Note Australia. Erişim Tarihi: 5 Kasım 2024. https://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/education/education-at-a-glance-2023_5f0c6c28-en
OECD (2023). Country Note Finland. Erişim Tarihi: 5 Kasım 2024. https://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/education/education-at-a-glance-2023_5f0c6c28-en
OECD (2023). Country Note Sweden. Erişim Tarihi: 5 Kasım 2024. https://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/education/education-at-a-glance-2023_5f0c6c28-en
OECD (2023). Country Note Norway. Erişim Tarihi: 5 Kasım 2024. https://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/education/education-at-a-glance-2023_5f0c6c28-en
OECD (2023). Country Note USA. Erişim Tarihi: 5 Kasım 2024. https://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/education/education-at-a-glance-2023_5f0c6c28-en
Ramey, C. T., & Ramey, S. L. (2004). Early learning and school readiness: Can early intervention make a difference?. Merrill-Palmer Quarterly, 50(4), 471-491.
Skolverket (2018). Curriculum For The Compulsory School, Preschool Class And School-Age Educare.
Skolverket (2020). Erişim Tarihi: 28 Kasım 2024. https://www.skolverket.se/publikationsserier/rapporter/2020/skolverkets-lagesbedomning-2020
Skollag (2010:800). Erişim Tarihi: 28 Kasım 2024. https://www.riksdagen.se/sv/dokumentoch-lagar/dokument/svensk-forfattningssamling/skollag-2010800_sfs-2010-800/
The Australian Educatıon System – Foundatıon Level, Australian Goverment Diplomatic Academy. https://www.dfat.gov.au/sites/default/files/australian-educationsystemfoundation.pdf
The education system in Norway – Information for newly arrived parents and guardians. https://www.udir.no/contentassets/ab9150efc44549188ef683027b6db197/engelsk---informasjon-om-barnehage-og-opplaring-i-norge.pdf
The Statutes Of The Republıc Of Sıngapore, (2000). Compulsory Educatıon Act.
UNESCO (2006). Education 2030 Framework for Action.
UNESCO (2006). Singapore Early Childhood Care And Education (ECCE) Programmes. https://unesdoc.unesco.org/ark:/48223/pf0000147238
UNESCO ISCED Diagrams (2011). https://isced.uis.unesco.org/visualizations/6
UNESCO Policy Brief on Early Childhood, (2022). Integrating Early Childhood Into Education: The Case of Sweden. Erişim Tarihi:28 Kasım 2024. https://unesdoc.unesco.org/ark:/48223/pf0000137377
UNİCEF (2012). School Readıness A Conceptual Framework. Erişim Tarihi: 20 Kasım 2024. https://resources.leicestershire.gov.uk/sites/resource/files/field/pdf/2020/1/7/School-readiness-a-conceptual-framework-UNICEF.pdf
UNİCEF (2019). Accelerated School Readiness Programme. Erişim Tarihi: 20 Kasım 2024. https://www.unicef.org/evaluation/media/901/file/Accelerated%20School%20Readiness%20Programme.pdf
Referanslar
Ackerman, D. J., & Barnett, W. S. (2005). Prepared for Kindergarten: What Does" readiness" Mean?. New Brunswick, NJ: Nieer.
Act on Early Childhood Education and Care 540 (2018). Erişim Tarihi: 28 Kasım 2024. https://www.finlex.fi/en/laki/kaannokset/2018/en20180540.pdf
Basic Education Act 628, (1998). Erişim Tarihi: 28 Kasım 2024. https://www.finlex.fi/fi/laki/kaannokset/1998/en19980628.pdf
Belongıng, Beıng & Becomıng The Early Years Learning Framework for Australia, (2022). Erişim Tarihi: 19 Kasım 2024. https://www.acecqa.gov.au/sites/default/files/2023-01/EYLF-2022-V2.0.pdf
Brighter Futures - Service Provision Guidelines, (2014). Erişim Tarihi: 22 Kasım 2024. https://ngolearning.com.au/files/Online Classroom/BF/BrighterFuturesServiceProvisionGuidelinesJuly2014.pdf
Brighter Futures Funded Services, (2022). Erişim Tarihi: 22 Kasım 2024. https://www.facs.nsw.gov.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0005/318992/Brighter-Futures-funded-services-lead-agencies-by-local-government-areas.pdf
Dockett, S., & Perry, B. (2002). Who's ready for what? Young children starting school. Contemporary Issues in Early Childhood, 3(1), 67-89.
Dockett, S. & Perry, B. (2014). Continuity of Learning: A resource to support effective transition to school and school age care. Canberra, ACT: Australian Government Department of Education.
European Commission, (2022). Access Finland. Erişim Tarihi: 1 25 Ekim 2024 https://eurydice.eacea.ec.europa.eu/national-education-systems/finland/access
European Commission, (2022). Organisation of centre-based ECEC Finland. Erişim Tarihi: 1 25 Ekim 2024 https://eurydice.eacea.ec.europa.eu/national-education-systems/finland/organisation-centre-based-ecec
European Commission, (2022). Single-Structure Primary And Lower Secondary Education Finland. Erişim Tarihi: 1 25 Ekim 2024 https://eurydice.eacea.ec.europa.eu/national-education-systems/finland/single-structure-primary-and-lower-secondary-education
European Commission, (2022). Access Sweden. Erişim Tarihi: 1 25 Ekim 2024 https://eurydice.eacea.ec.europa.eu/national-education-systems/sweden/access
European Commission, (2022). Organisation Of Centre-Based ECEC Sweden. Erişim Tarihi: 1 25 Ekim 2024 https://eurydice.eacea.ec.europa.eu/national-education-systems/sweden/organisation-centre-based-ecec
European Commission, (2022). Single-Structure Primary And Lower Secondary Education Sweden. Erişim Tarihi: 1 25 Ekim 2024 https://eurydice.eacea.ec.europa.eu/national- education-systems/sweden/organisation-single-structure-education
European Commission, (2022). Access Norway. Erişim Tarihi: 1 25 Ekim 2024 https://eurydice.eacea.ec.europa.eu/national-education-systems/norway/access
European Commission, (2022). Organisation of centre-based ECEC Norway. Erişim Tarihi: 1 25 Ekim 2024 https://eurydice.eacea.ec.europa.eu/national-education-systems/norway/organisation-centre-based-ecec
European Commission, (2022). Single-Structure Primary And Lower Secondary Education Norway. Erişim Tarihi: 1 25 Ekim 2024 https://eurydice.eacea.ec.europa.eu/national-education-systems/norway/single-structure-primary-and-lower-secondary-education
First 5 California Strategic Plan (2014). Erişim Tarihi: 24 Kasım 2024. https://www.ccfc.ca.gov/pdf/about/budget_perf/F5CA_Strategic_Plan_2017.pdf
https://www.acf.hhs.gov/ecd/early-learning/head-start
https://www.incredibleyears.com/start-a-program
https://highscope.org/project/perry-preschool-study/
https://www.servicesaustralia.gov.au/school-years?context=60007#a4
https://www.thesmithfamily.com.au/programs/literacy/lets-read
https://www.vic.gov.au/best-start#outcomes
https://goodbeginnings.net.au/our-programs/
https://www.moe.gov.sg/primary/compulsory-education/overview
https://www.moe.gov.sg/primary/curriculum/overview
https://www.unesco.org/en/sdg4scorecard-dashboard
ISCED Diagrams Norway, (2021). Erişim Tarihi: 29 Kasım 2024. https://isced.uis.unesco.org/visualizations/
ISCED Mapping Sweden (2011). Erişim Tarihi: 27 Ekim 2024. https://isced.uis.unesco.org/data-mapping/
LPFÖ (2018). Curriculum for the Preschool. https://www.skolverket.se/download/18.6bfaca41169863e6a65d897/1553968298535/pdf4049.pdf
Ministry for Foreign Affairs of Finland, (2024). Educatıon In Fınland.
Ministry of Education Republic of Singapore, (2022). Nurturing Early Learners A Curriculum Framework for Preschool Education in Singapore.
Ministry of Education Republic of Singapore, (2022). Nurturing Early Learners Educators’ Guıde For Aesthetıcs And Creatıve Expressıon.
Ministry of Education Republic of Singapore, (2022). Nurturing Early Learners Educators’ Guıde For Dıscovery Of The World.
Ministry of Education Republic of Singapore, (2022). Nurturing Early Learners Educators’ Guıde For Language And Lıteracy.
Ministry of Education Republic of Singapore, (2013). NEL Framework for Mother Tongue Language.
My Time, Our Place- Framework School Age Care in Australia, (2022). Erişim Tarihi:19 Kasım 2024. https://www.acecqa.gov.au/sites/default/files/2018-05/my_time_our_place_framework_for_school_age_care_in_australia_0.pdf
NCECDTL (2017). Early Childhood Cirruculum. Erişim Tarihi: 24 Kasım 2024. https://eclkc.ohs.acf.hhs.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/ncedtl-ecc-research-based-curriculum.pdf
Norwegian Directorate For Education Training, (2017). Framework Plan for Kinder¬gartens.
OECD (2023). Education at a Glance 2023 OECD Indıcators. Erişim Tarihi: 3 Kasım 2024. https://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/education/education-at-a-glance-2023_e13bef63-en
OECD (2023). Country Note Australia. Erişim Tarihi: 5 Kasım 2024. https://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/education/education-at-a-glance-2023_5f0c6c28-en
OECD (2023). Country Note Finland. Erişim Tarihi: 5 Kasım 2024. https://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/education/education-at-a-glance-2023_5f0c6c28-en
OECD (2023). Country Note Sweden. Erişim Tarihi: 5 Kasım 2024. https://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/education/education-at-a-glance-2023_5f0c6c28-en
OECD (2023). Country Note Norway. Erişim Tarihi: 5 Kasım 2024. https://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/education/education-at-a-glance-2023_5f0c6c28-en
OECD (2023). Country Note USA. Erişim Tarihi: 5 Kasım 2024. https://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/education/education-at-a-glance-2023_5f0c6c28-en
Ramey, C. T., & Ramey, S. L. (2004). Early learning and school readiness: Can early intervention make a difference?. Merrill-Palmer Quarterly, 50(4), 471-491.
Skolverket (2018). Curriculum For The Compulsory School, Preschool Class And School-Age Educare.
Skolverket (2020). Erişim Tarihi: 28 Kasım 2024. https://www.skolverket.se/publikationsserier/rapporter/2020/skolverkets-lagesbedomning-2020
Skollag (2010:800). Erişim Tarihi: 28 Kasım 2024. https://www.riksdagen.se/sv/dokumentoch-lagar/dokument/svensk-forfattningssamling/skollag-2010800_sfs-2010-800/
The Australian Educatıon System – Foundatıon Level, Australian Goverment Diplomatic Academy. https://www.dfat.gov.au/sites/default/files/australian-educationsystemfoundation.pdf
The education system in Norway – Information for newly arrived parents and guardians. https://www.udir.no/contentassets/ab9150efc44549188ef683027b6db197/engelsk---informasjon-om-barnehage-og-opplaring-i-norge.pdf
The Statutes Of The Republıc Of Sıngapore, (2000). Compulsory Educatıon Act.
UNESCO (2006). Education 2030 Framework for Action.
UNESCO (2006). Singapore Early Childhood Care And Education (ECCE) Programmes. https://unesdoc.unesco.org/ark:/48223/pf0000147238
UNESCO ISCED Diagrams (2011). https://isced.uis.unesco.org/visualizations/6
UNESCO Policy Brief on Early Childhood, (2022). Integrating Early Childhood Into Education: The Case of Sweden. Erişim Tarihi:28 Kasım 2024. https://unesdoc.unesco.org/ark:/48223/pf0000137377
UNİCEF (2012). School Readıness A Conceptual Framework. Erişim Tarihi: 20 Kasım 2024. https://resources.leicestershire.gov.uk/sites/resource/files/field/pdf/2020/1/7/School-readiness-a-conceptual-framework-UNICEF.pdf
UNİCEF (2019). Accelerated School Readiness Programme. Erişim Tarihi: 20 Kasım 2024. https://www.unicef.org/evaluation/media/901/file/Accelerated%20School%20Readiness%20Programme.pdf
