Teniste Yüksek Şiddetli Aralıklı Antrenmanların Tenis Oyuncularının Bazı Performans Parametreleri Üzerine Etkisi
Özet
Bu çalışmada, tenis sporcularının performans gelişimine yönelik olarak yüksek şiddetli aralıklı antrenman (YŞAA) protokollerinin etkileri incelenmiştir. Tenis, hem aerobik hem de anaerobik enerji sistemlerini etkin bir şekilde kullanan, patlayıcı güç, hız ve dayanıklılık gibi biyomotor becerileri gerektiren bir spor dalıdır. Sürekli yüksek tempoda oynanan tenis müsabakalarında sporcuların dayanıklılık, sürat ve çabukluk gibi fiziksel özellikleri ön plana çıkar. Bu bağlamda, YŞAA ve oyun temelli yüksek şiddetli aralıklı antrenman (OTYŞAA) yöntemleri, sporcuların dayanıklılık ve hız kapasitelerini arttırırken kortta daha fazla zaman geçirmelerine olanak tanıdığı için sıklıkla tercih edilmektedir. Çalışma, bu antrenman yöntemlerinin tenis oyuncularının VO2max (Maksimal Oksijen Kapasitesi), laktik asit seviyesi (LA), algılanan zorluk derecesi (AZD), sıçrama performansı (SP), sprint performansı (SPR) ve kalp atım sayısı (KAS) üzerindeki etkilerini kapsamlı bir şekilde ele almayı amaçlamaktadır. Çalışmaya dahil edilecek araştırmaların belirlenmesi amacıyla PubMed, Web of Science, SportDiscus, Scopus ve Google Scholar veri tabanları kullanılarak kapsamlı bir literatür taraması yapılmıştır. Sonuç olarak VO2max, sıçrama performansı ve laktik asit seviyelerinde genellikle olumlu sonuçlar gözlemlenirken, AZD ve sprint performansında farklı bulgular olduğu görülmüştür. VO2max artışı, AZD’nin azalması, sıçrama ve sprint performansındaki iyileşmeler, YŞAA’nın tenis antrenman programlarında yer alması gerektiğinin göstergesidir.
Referanslar
Altınkök, M. (2015). Yüksek şiddetli interval antrenman uygulamalarının etki alanlarının incelenmesi. International Journal of Social Sciences and Education Research, 1(2), 463-475.
Batacan, R. B., Duncan, M. J., Dalbo, V. J. et al. (2017). Effects of high-intensity interval training on cardiometabolic health: a systematic review and meta-analysis of intervention studies. British journal of Sports Medicine, 51(6), 494-503.
Bernardi, M., De Vito, G., Falvo, M., et al. (2002). Cardiorespiratory adjustment in middle-level tennis players: are long term cardiovascular adjustments possible? In Science and Racket Sports II (pp. 38-44): Taylor & Francis.
Brechbuhl, C., Brocherie, F., Millet, G. P., et al. (2018). Effects of repeated-sprint training in hypoxia on tennis-specific performance in well-trained players. Sports Medicine International Open, 2(5), E123-E132.
Brechbuhl, C., Brocherie, F., Willis, S. J. et al. (2020). On the use of the repeated-sprint training in hypoxia in tennis. Frontiers in Physiology, 11, 1-13.
Demirci, D., Odabaş Ö. B., Özgür, T., et al. (2017). The effects of tabata protocol on vertıcal jump among 14-16 year-old male tennıs players. Nigde Üniversitesi Beden Egitimi ve Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 11(3), 207-212.
Durmuş, D., Ödemiş, H., & Söğüt, M. (2023). Physiological and performance effects of high-intensity interval training in tennis players: a systematic review. ITF Coaching & Sport Science Review, 31(89), 42-50.
Fernandez, J., Mendez-Villanueva, A., & Pluim, B. (2006). Intensity of tennis match play. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 40(5), 387-391.
Fernandez-Fernandez, J., Sanz-Rivas, D., Sanchez-Muñoz, C., et al. (2011). Physiological responses to on-court vs running interval training in competitive tennis players. Journal of Sports Science & Medicine, 10(3), 540-545.
Fernandez-Fernandez, J., Zimek, R., Wiewelhove, T., et al. (2012). High-intensity interval training vs. repeated-sprint training in tennis. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 26(1), 53-62.
Fernandez-Fernandez, J., Sanz-Rivas, D., Kovacs, M. S., et al. (2015). In-season effect of a combined repeated sprint and explosive strength training program on elite junior tennis players. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 29(2), 351-357.
Fernandez-Fernandez, J., Sanz-Rivas, D., Sarabia, J. M., et al. (2015). Preseason training: the effects of a 17-day high-intensity shock microcycle in elite tennis players. Journal of Sports Science & Medicine, 14(4), 783-791.
Fernandez-Fernandez, J., Sanz, D., Sarabia, J. M., et al. (2017). The effects of sport-specific drills training or high-intensity interval training in young tennis players. International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance, 12(1), 90-98.
Fuentes-García, J. P., Díaz-García, J., López-Gajardo, M. Á., et al. (2021). Effects of combined yşaa and stroop on strength manifestations, serve speed and accuracy in recreational tennis players. Sustainability, 13(14), 7717.
Girard, O., & Durussel, A. (2015). Improving physical determinants of tennis performance in teenage players with repeated sprint training: Are directional changes adding value?. Medicine & Science in Tennis, 20(3), 129-133.
Girard, J., Feng, B., & Chapman, C. (2018). The effects of high-intensity interval training on athletic performance measures: a systematic review. Physical Therapy Reviews, 23(2), 151-160.
Griffiths, M., Edwards, J. J., McNamara, J., et al. (2024). The effects of high intensity interval training on quality of life: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of Public Health, 1-11.
Guillot, A., Di Rienzo, F., Pialoux, V., et al. (2015). Implementation of motor imagery during specific aerobic training session in young tennis players. PLoS One, 10(11), 1-10.
Harrison, C., Kinugasa, T., Gill, N., et al. (2015). Aerobic fitness for young athletes: Combining game-based and high-intensity interval training. International Journal of Sports Medicine, 36(11), 929-934.
Hazell, T. J., MacPherson, R. E., Gravelle, B. M., et al. (2010). 10 or 30-s sprint interval training bouts enhance both aerobic and anaerobic performance. Eur. J. Appl. Physiol., 110(1), 153-160.
Iaia, F. M., Ermanno, R., Bangsbo, J. et al. (2009). High-intensity training in football. IJSPP, 4(3), 291-306.
Impellizzeri, F. M., Rampinini, E., Maffiuletti, N. A., et al. (2008). Effects of aerobic training on the exercise-induced decline in short-passing ability in junior soccer players. Appl. Physiol. Nutr. Metab., 33(6), 1192-1198.
Kilit, B., & Arslan, E. (2019). Effects of high-intensity interval training vs. on-court tennis training in young tennis players. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 33(1), 188-196.
Kilit, B., Arslan, E. & Soylu, Y. (2019). Effects of different stretching methods on speed and agility performance in young tennis players. Science & Sports, 34(5), 313-320.
Kovacs, M. S. (2007). Tennis physiology. Sports Medicine, 37(3), 189-198.
Laursen, P. B. & Buchheit., M. (2018). Science and application of high-intensity interval training. Human Kinetics, 18/347.
Laursen, P. B. & Jenkins, D. G. (2002). The scientific basis for high-intensity interval training. Sports Medicine, 32(1), 53-73.
Liu, Y., Abdullah, B. B., & Abu Saad, H. B. (2024). Effects of high-intensity interval training on strength, speed, and endurance performance among racket sports players: A systematic review. Plos One, 19(1), 1-19.
Mendez-Villanueva, A., Fernandez-Fernandez, J., Bishop, D., et al. (2007). Activity patterns, blood lactate concentrations and ratings of perceived exertion during a professional singles tennis tournament. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 41(5), 296-300.
Myers, N. L., Sciascia, A. D., Kibler, W. B., et al. (2016). Volume-based interval training program for elite tennis players. Sports Health, 8(6), 536-540.
Nagendrappa, M. S., & Rakesh, M. (2022). Effectiveness of high intensity interval training in amateur tennis players. International Journal of Physical Education, Sports and Health 9(1): 283-288
Pialoux, V., Genevois, C., Capoen, A., et al. (2015). Playing vs. nonplaying aerobic training in tennis: physiological and performance outcomes. Plos One, 10(3), 1-10.
Rodríguez, D. S., & del Valle Soto, M. (2017). A study of intensity, fatigue and precision in two specific interval trainings in young tennis players: high-intensity interval training versus intermittent interval training. BMJ Open Sport & Exercise Medicine, 3(1), 1-7.
Rodríguez, D. S., & del Valle, M. (2018). High-intensity specific intermittent training (SIT) in the preparation of the tennis player. Archivos de Medicina del Deporte, 35(6), 402-408.
Roetert, P., & Ellenbecker, T. S. (2007). Complete conditioning for tennis. Human Kinetics.
Smekal, G. V. D., Serge P Rihacek, Claus Pokan, Rochus Hofmann, Peter Baron, Ramon Tschan, HaraldBachl, Norbert. (2001). A physiological profile of tennis match play. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, 33(6), 999-1005.
Srihirun, K., Boonrod, W., Mickleborough, T. D., et al. (2014). The effect of on-court vs. off-court interval training on skilled tennis performance and tolerance to fatigue in young male tennis players. Journal of Exercise Physiology Online, 17(5), 11-21.
Villafaina, S., Gimenez-Guervos Perez, M. J., & Fuentes-García, J. P. (2020). Comparative effects of high-intensity interval training vs moderate-intensity continuous training in phase III of a tennis-based cardiac rehabilitation program: a pilot randomized controlled trial. Sustainability, 12(10), 4134.
Weston, K. S., Wisløff, U. & Coombes, J. S. (2014). High-intensity interval training in patients with lifestyle-induced cardiometabolic disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Br J Sports Med, 48(16), 1227-1234.
Wewege, M., Van Den Berg, R., Ward, R. E., et al. (2017). The effects of high‐intensity interval training vs. moderate‐intensity continuous training on body composition in overweight and obese adults: a systematic review and meta‐analysis. Obesity Reviews, 18(6), 635-646.
Wiewelhove, T., Raeder, C., Meyer, T., et al. (2016). Effect of repeated active recovery during a high-intensity interval-training shock microcycle on markers of fatigue IJSPP, 11(8), 1060-1066.
Xiao, W., Geok, S. K., Bai, X., et al. (2022). Effect of exercise training on physical fitness among young tennis players: a systematic review. Frontiers in Public Health, 10, 843021.
Yang, W., Yin, L., Poon, E. T. C., et al. (2024). Effects of low-volume court-based sprint interval training on aerobic capacity and sport-specific endurance performance in competitive tennis players. Biology of Sport, 42(1), 223-232.
Yaprak, Y. & Öztürk, F. (2021). Tenisçi ve badmintoncular özelinde yapılan yüksek şiddetli interval antrenmanı (YŞAA) Çalışmalarının İncelenmesi. Sportif Bakış: Spor ve Eğitim Bilimleri Dergisi, 8(2): 155-163.
Referanslar
Altınkök, M. (2015). Yüksek şiddetli interval antrenman uygulamalarının etki alanlarının incelenmesi. International Journal of Social Sciences and Education Research, 1(2), 463-475.
Batacan, R. B., Duncan, M. J., Dalbo, V. J. et al. (2017). Effects of high-intensity interval training on cardiometabolic health: a systematic review and meta-analysis of intervention studies. British journal of Sports Medicine, 51(6), 494-503.
Bernardi, M., De Vito, G., Falvo, M., et al. (2002). Cardiorespiratory adjustment in middle-level tennis players: are long term cardiovascular adjustments possible? In Science and Racket Sports II (pp. 38-44): Taylor & Francis.
Brechbuhl, C., Brocherie, F., Millet, G. P., et al. (2018). Effects of repeated-sprint training in hypoxia on tennis-specific performance in well-trained players. Sports Medicine International Open, 2(5), E123-E132.
Brechbuhl, C., Brocherie, F., Willis, S. J. et al. (2020). On the use of the repeated-sprint training in hypoxia in tennis. Frontiers in Physiology, 11, 1-13.
Demirci, D., Odabaş Ö. B., Özgür, T., et al. (2017). The effects of tabata protocol on vertıcal jump among 14-16 year-old male tennıs players. Nigde Üniversitesi Beden Egitimi ve Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 11(3), 207-212.
Durmuş, D., Ödemiş, H., & Söğüt, M. (2023). Physiological and performance effects of high-intensity interval training in tennis players: a systematic review. ITF Coaching & Sport Science Review, 31(89), 42-50.
Fernandez, J., Mendez-Villanueva, A., & Pluim, B. (2006). Intensity of tennis match play. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 40(5), 387-391.
Fernandez-Fernandez, J., Sanz-Rivas, D., Sanchez-Muñoz, C., et al. (2011). Physiological responses to on-court vs running interval training in competitive tennis players. Journal of Sports Science & Medicine, 10(3), 540-545.
Fernandez-Fernandez, J., Zimek, R., Wiewelhove, T., et al. (2012). High-intensity interval training vs. repeated-sprint training in tennis. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 26(1), 53-62.
Fernandez-Fernandez, J., Sanz-Rivas, D., Kovacs, M. S., et al. (2015). In-season effect of a combined repeated sprint and explosive strength training program on elite junior tennis players. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 29(2), 351-357.
Fernandez-Fernandez, J., Sanz-Rivas, D., Sarabia, J. M., et al. (2015). Preseason training: the effects of a 17-day high-intensity shock microcycle in elite tennis players. Journal of Sports Science & Medicine, 14(4), 783-791.
Fernandez-Fernandez, J., Sanz, D., Sarabia, J. M., et al. (2017). The effects of sport-specific drills training or high-intensity interval training in young tennis players. International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance, 12(1), 90-98.
Fuentes-García, J. P., Díaz-García, J., López-Gajardo, M. Á., et al. (2021). Effects of combined yşaa and stroop on strength manifestations, serve speed and accuracy in recreational tennis players. Sustainability, 13(14), 7717.
Girard, O., & Durussel, A. (2015). Improving physical determinants of tennis performance in teenage players with repeated sprint training: Are directional changes adding value?. Medicine & Science in Tennis, 20(3), 129-133.
Girard, J., Feng, B., & Chapman, C. (2018). The effects of high-intensity interval training on athletic performance measures: a systematic review. Physical Therapy Reviews, 23(2), 151-160.
Griffiths, M., Edwards, J. J., McNamara, J., et al. (2024). The effects of high intensity interval training on quality of life: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of Public Health, 1-11.
Guillot, A., Di Rienzo, F., Pialoux, V., et al. (2015). Implementation of motor imagery during specific aerobic training session in young tennis players. PLoS One, 10(11), 1-10.
Harrison, C., Kinugasa, T., Gill, N., et al. (2015). Aerobic fitness for young athletes: Combining game-based and high-intensity interval training. International Journal of Sports Medicine, 36(11), 929-934.
Hazell, T. J., MacPherson, R. E., Gravelle, B. M., et al. (2010). 10 or 30-s sprint interval training bouts enhance both aerobic and anaerobic performance. Eur. J. Appl. Physiol., 110(1), 153-160.
Iaia, F. M., Ermanno, R., Bangsbo, J. et al. (2009). High-intensity training in football. IJSPP, 4(3), 291-306.
Impellizzeri, F. M., Rampinini, E., Maffiuletti, N. A., et al. (2008). Effects of aerobic training on the exercise-induced decline in short-passing ability in junior soccer players. Appl. Physiol. Nutr. Metab., 33(6), 1192-1198.
Kilit, B., & Arslan, E. (2019). Effects of high-intensity interval training vs. on-court tennis training in young tennis players. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 33(1), 188-196.
Kilit, B., Arslan, E. & Soylu, Y. (2019). Effects of different stretching methods on speed and agility performance in young tennis players. Science & Sports, 34(5), 313-320.
Kovacs, M. S. (2007). Tennis physiology. Sports Medicine, 37(3), 189-198.
Laursen, P. B. & Buchheit., M. (2018). Science and application of high-intensity interval training. Human Kinetics, 18/347.
Laursen, P. B. & Jenkins, D. G. (2002). The scientific basis for high-intensity interval training. Sports Medicine, 32(1), 53-73.
Liu, Y., Abdullah, B. B., & Abu Saad, H. B. (2024). Effects of high-intensity interval training on strength, speed, and endurance performance among racket sports players: A systematic review. Plos One, 19(1), 1-19.
Mendez-Villanueva, A., Fernandez-Fernandez, J., Bishop, D., et al. (2007). Activity patterns, blood lactate concentrations and ratings of perceived exertion during a professional singles tennis tournament. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 41(5), 296-300.
Myers, N. L., Sciascia, A. D., Kibler, W. B., et al. (2016). Volume-based interval training program for elite tennis players. Sports Health, 8(6), 536-540.
Nagendrappa, M. S., & Rakesh, M. (2022). Effectiveness of high intensity interval training in amateur tennis players. International Journal of Physical Education, Sports and Health 9(1): 283-288
Pialoux, V., Genevois, C., Capoen, A., et al. (2015). Playing vs. nonplaying aerobic training in tennis: physiological and performance outcomes. Plos One, 10(3), 1-10.
Rodríguez, D. S., & del Valle Soto, M. (2017). A study of intensity, fatigue and precision in two specific interval trainings in young tennis players: high-intensity interval training versus intermittent interval training. BMJ Open Sport & Exercise Medicine, 3(1), 1-7.
Rodríguez, D. S., & del Valle, M. (2018). High-intensity specific intermittent training (SIT) in the preparation of the tennis player. Archivos de Medicina del Deporte, 35(6), 402-408.
Roetert, P., & Ellenbecker, T. S. (2007). Complete conditioning for tennis. Human Kinetics.
Smekal, G. V. D., Serge P Rihacek, Claus Pokan, Rochus Hofmann, Peter Baron, Ramon Tschan, HaraldBachl, Norbert. (2001). A physiological profile of tennis match play. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, 33(6), 999-1005.
Srihirun, K., Boonrod, W., Mickleborough, T. D., et al. (2014). The effect of on-court vs. off-court interval training on skilled tennis performance and tolerance to fatigue in young male tennis players. Journal of Exercise Physiology Online, 17(5), 11-21.
Villafaina, S., Gimenez-Guervos Perez, M. J., & Fuentes-García, J. P. (2020). Comparative effects of high-intensity interval training vs moderate-intensity continuous training in phase III of a tennis-based cardiac rehabilitation program: a pilot randomized controlled trial. Sustainability, 12(10), 4134.
Weston, K. S., Wisløff, U. & Coombes, J. S. (2014). High-intensity interval training in patients with lifestyle-induced cardiometabolic disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Br J Sports Med, 48(16), 1227-1234.
Wewege, M., Van Den Berg, R., Ward, R. E., et al. (2017). The effects of high‐intensity interval training vs. moderate‐intensity continuous training on body composition in overweight and obese adults: a systematic review and meta‐analysis. Obesity Reviews, 18(6), 635-646.
Wiewelhove, T., Raeder, C., Meyer, T., et al. (2016). Effect of repeated active recovery during a high-intensity interval-training shock microcycle on markers of fatigue IJSPP, 11(8), 1060-1066.
Xiao, W., Geok, S. K., Bai, X., et al. (2022). Effect of exercise training on physical fitness among young tennis players: a systematic review. Frontiers in Public Health, 10, 843021.
Yang, W., Yin, L., Poon, E. T. C., et al. (2024). Effects of low-volume court-based sprint interval training on aerobic capacity and sport-specific endurance performance in competitive tennis players. Biology of Sport, 42(1), 223-232.
Yaprak, Y. & Öztürk, F. (2021). Tenisçi ve badmintoncular özelinde yapılan yüksek şiddetli interval antrenmanı (YŞAA) Çalışmalarının İncelenmesi. Sportif Bakış: Spor ve Eğitim Bilimleri Dergisi, 8(2): 155-163.
