Tracheal and Airway Diseases: Tracheo-Esophageal Fistulas
Özet
Tracheoesophageal fistula (TEF); is defined as a life-threatening pathological connection between the respiratory tract and esophagus which is not normally found, and may be acquired or congenital. Acquired TEFs are classified into two groups, benign and malignant. The most common cause of benign etiology is prolonged intubation and the pressure exerted by the endotracheal tube; esophageal cancer is the most common cause of malignant TEF. It is often seen due to tracheal invasion of the primary tumor or as a complication of chemoradiotherapy. Treatment methods are determined according to the etiology, size and location of the fistula.
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