Cinsel Şiddet

Rachel J, Purna S, Claudia GM. Chapter 6: Sexual violence. In World report on violence and health. World Health Organization. Geneva, 2002:149.

International Criminal Court. Elements of Crimes, Article 7(1)(g)-6 Crimes against humanity of sexual violence, Nederland, 2011:7.

McDougall. “Report of the Special Rapporteur on systematic rape” United Nations Economic ans Social Council Commission on Human Rights. June 1998:6.

Kathleen CB, Linda ES. Sexual Violence Surveillance: Uniform Definitions and Recommended Data Element. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Injury Prevention and Control Atlanta, Georgia, 2002:9-12.

Sangeeta R, Jagadeesh N, Samant P. Manual for Medical Examination of Sexual Assault .Centre for Enquiry into Health and Allied Themes (CEHAT). Satam Udyog Parel, Mumbai, 2010.

Jewkes R, Garcia-Moren C, Sen P. Sexual violence in world report on violence and health. Geneva: World Health Organization, 2002:149–181.

Walker A, Flatley J, Kershaw C et al. Crime in England and Wales 2008/09, volume 1: findings from the British crime survey and police recorded crime. London: Home Office Statistical Bulletin. 2009.

Tjaden P, Thoennes N. Extent, nature, and consequences of rape victimization: Findings from the national violence against women survey. Department of Justice 2006. www.ncjrs.gov/pdffiles1/nij/210346.pdf (Erişim:29.01.2018)

Breiding MJ, Smith SG, Basile KC, et al. Prevalence and characteristics of sexual violence, stalking, and intimate partner violence victimization--national intimate partner and sexual violence survey, United States, 2011. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report. Surveillance Summaries September 5, 2014 / 63(SS08):1-18. https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/ss6308a1.htm (erişim ???)

Abrahams N, Devries K, Watts C, et al. Worldwide prevalence of non-partner sexual violence: a systematic review. Lancet 2014; 383:1648.

Berry KM, Rutledge CM. Factors That Influence Women to Disclose Sexual Assault History to Health Care Providers. Journal of Obstetric, Gynecologic & Neonatal Nursing. Volume 45, Issue 4, July–August 2016:553-564.

The Prevalence of Sexual Violence, Results From a Population-Based Sample, Dtsch Arztebl Int,v.113(7); 2016 Feb.

Jones JS, Alexander C, Wynn BN, et al. Why women don't report sexual assault to the police: the influence of psychosocial variables and traumatic injury. J Emerg Med 2009; 36:417.

Jewkes R, Abrahams N. The epidemiology of rape and sexual coercion in South Africa: an overview. Social Science and Medicine (in press).

The international crime victim survey in countries in transition: national reports. Rome, United Nations Interregional Crime and Justice Research Institute, 1998.

Şenol E, Meral O, Sertöz ÖÖ, Altıntoprak AE, Coşkunol H, Güler H. Cinsel Saldırı Olguları İçin Düzenlenen Adli Psikiyatrik Raporların İncelenmesi. Adli Tıp Bülteni, 2016; 21(3): 159-166.

Balcı Y, Erbaş M, Işık Ş, Karbeyaz K. Muğla Adli Tıp Şube Müdürlüğü'ne Başvuran Cinsel Saldırı Olgularının Değerlendirilmesi. Adli Tıp Bülteni 2014;19(2):87-95.

Yılmaz E, Çelikel A, Değirmenci B, Zeren C, Gören S. Diyarbakır'da Cinsel Suç Mağduru Olguların Değerlendirilmesi. Adli Tıp Bülteni 2011;16(3):93-103.

Uytun MÇ, Yılmaz R, Öztop DB, Özdemir Ç. Cinsel İstismara Uğrayan Çocuk ve Ergenlerin Kendine Zarar Verme, İntihar Davranışı ve Psikiyatrik Bozukluklar Açısından Değerlendirilmesi. Adli Tıp Bülteni, 2016; 21(3):137-143.

Koçak U, Alpaslan AH. Cinsel İstismara Uğrayan Çocuk ve Ergenlerin Sosyodemografik Özellikleri ve Ruhsal Değerlendirmesi. Adli Tıp Bülteni, 2015; 20 (1): 27-33.

http://www.tuik.gov.tr/HbGetir.do?id=13509&tb_id=6. Erişim tarihi: 13.09.2018

http://www.adlisicil.adalet.gov.tr/istatistik_2017/istatistik2017.pdf. Erişim Tarihi: 13.09.2018

T.C. Aile ve Sosyal Politikalar Bakanlığı, Türkiye’de kadına yönelik aile içi şiddet araştırması, Ankara, 2015; 111.

Kayı Z, Yavuz MF, Arıcan N. Kadın üniversite gençliği ve mezunlarına yönelik cinsel saldırı mağdur araştırması. Adli Tıp Bülteni, 2000: 5(3): 57-65.

Greenfeld LA. Sex offenses and offenders: an analysis of data on rape and sexual assault. Washington, DC, United States Department of Justice, Office of Justice Programs, Bureau of Justice Statistics (NCJ 163392). https://bjs.gov/content/pub/pdf/SOO.PDF

Heise LL, Pitanguy J, Germain A. Violence against Women: The Hidden Health Burden. World Bank Discussion Papers; No. WDP 255. Washington DC: The World Bank.1994. http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/1994/07/442273/violence-against-women-hidden-health-burden

Acierno R et al. Risk factors for rape, physical assault, and post-traumatic stress disorder in women: examination of differential multivariate relationships. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 1999, 13:541–563.

Tjaden P, Thoennes N. Full report of the prevalence, incidence and consequences of violence against women: findings from the National Violence Against Women Survey. Washington, DC, National Institute of Justice, Office of Justice Programs, United States Department of Justice and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2000.NCJ. https://www.ncjrs.gov/pdffiles1/nij/183781.pdf

Omorodion FI, Olusanya O. The social context of reported rape in Benin City, Nigeria. African Journal of Reproductive Health, 1998, 2:37–43.

Crowell NA, Burgess AW, eds. Understanding violence against women. 1st ed., Washington DC, National Academy Press, 1996:70-74.

Jewkes R. Intimate partner violence: causes and prevention. Lancet, 2002, 359:1423–1429.

Jewkes R, Penn-Kekana L, Levin J. Risk factors for domestic violence: findings from a South African cross-sectional study. Social Science & Medicine 55 (2002) 1603–1617.

Miczek KA et al. Alcohol, drugs of abuse, aggression and violence. In: Reiss AJ, Roth JA, eds. Understanding and preventing violence. Vol. 3. Social influences. Washington, DC, National Academy Press, 1993:377–570.

Grisso JA et al. Violent injuries among women in an urban area. New England Journal of Medicine, 1999, 341:1899–1905.

Abby A, Ross LT, McDuffie D. Alcohol’s role in sexual assault. In: Watson RR, ed. Drug and alcohol reviews. Vol. 5. Addictive behaviors in women. Totowa, NJ, Humana Press, 1995.

Fergusson DM, Horwood LJ, Lynskey MT. Childhood sexual abuse, adolescent sexual behaviours and sexual revictimization. Child Abuse & Neglect, 1997, 21:789–803.

Pederson W, Skrondal A. Alcohol and sexual victimization: a longitudinal study of Norwegian girls. Addiction, 1996, 91:565–581.

Faune MA. Centroamerica: los costos de la guerra yla paz. [Central America: the costs of war and of peace.] Perspectivas, 1997, 8:14–15

Sorenson SB, Siegel JM. Gender, Ethnicity, and Sexual Assault: Findings from a Los Angeles Study. Journal of Social Issues. Volume48, Issue1, Spring 1992, Pages 93-104

Sedlak AJ, Mettenburg J, Basena M, Petta I, McPherson K, Greene A, Li S. Fourth National Incidence Study of Child Abuse and Neglect (NIS–4): Report to Congress, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS) Administration for Children and Families (ACF) Office of Planning, Research, and Evaluation (OPRE) and the Children’s Bureau. http://cap.law.harvard.edu/wp-content/uploads/2015/07/sedlaknis.pdf

Skjelsbaek I. Sexual Violence and War: Mapping Out a Complex Relationship. European Journal of International Relations. Vol 7, Issue 2, 2001. Pp211-237

Decker MR, Raj A, Silverman JG. Sexual Violence Against Adolescent Girls: Influences of Immigration and Acculturation. Violence Against Women, Volume 13 Number 5, May 2007:498-513.

Deborah Rogers and Mary Newton “Sexual Assault Examination” chapter in the book “Clinical Forensic Medicine: A Physician’s Guide” Ed: Margaret M. Stark. 2nd edition. New Jersey. 2005:61-126.

A National Protocol for Sexual Assault Medical Forensic Examinations Adults / Adolescents. U.S. Department of Justice Office on Violence Against Women. Second Edition. April 2013. NCJ.

WHO. “Assessment and examination of adult victims of sexual violence” chapter in book “Guidelines For Medico-Legal Care For Victims Of Sexual Violence”. World Health Organization. ISBN 92 4 154628 X 2003. France:30-56.

Sachs CJ, Chapman J. Sexual Assault, History and Physical. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2018.

Ceza Muhakemesinde Beden Muayenesi, Genetik İncelemeler ve Fizik Kimliğin Tespiti Hakkında Yönetmelik. http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/eskiler/2005/06/20050601-13.htm

5271 sayılı Ceza Muhakemesi Kanunu http://www.mevzuat.gov.tr/MevzuatMetin/1.5.5271.pdf

Tavara L. Sexual violence. Best Practice & Research Clinical Obstetrics and Gynaecology, 2006; Vol. 20, No. 3, pp. 395-408.

Bilgin NG, Mert E, Kar H. Retraumatizition of Female Child Sexual Assault Victims; Psychological Effects of Genital. Examination. TJFMPC, 2010; 4:23-28.

Adli Görüşme Odaları Yönetmeliği http://www.magdur.adalet.gov.tr/adli-gorusme-odalari-yonetmeligi-01256 (Erişim Tarihi:29.01.2018)

Sexual Assault Reporting Options (Saro) Sexual Assault Questionnaire http://www.police.nsw.gov.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0013/224014/SARO_Form_200213.pdf (Erişim Tarihi:29.01.2018)

İşkence ve Diğer Zalimane, İnsanlık Dışı, Aşağılayıcı Muamele veya Cezaların Etkili Biçimde Soruşturulması ve Belgelendirilmesi için El Kılavuzu (İstanbul Protokolü) https://www.ttb.org.tr/eweb/istanbul_prot/ist_protokolu.html

Crane J. Interpretation of non-genital injuries in sexual assault. Best Practice & Research Clinical Obstetrics and Gynaecology,2003,27:103–111.

American Professional Society on the Abuse of Children (APSAC). Practice Guidelines - Glossary Of Terms And The Interpretation Of Findings For Child Sexual Abuse Evidentiary Examinations. http://www.caloes.ca.gov/GrantsManagementSite/Documents/2-923%20to%202-950%20Protocol.pdf (Erişim Tarihi:29.01.2018)

Teixeria WR. Hymenal Colposcopic Examination in Sexual Offences, Am J Forensic Med Pathol 1981; 2: 209–15.

Berenson BA, Chacko MR, Wiemann CM, Mishaw CO, Friedrich WN, Grady JJ. A Case Contol Study of Anatomic Changes Resulting From Sexual Abuse. American Journal of Obstetric and Gynecology 2000; 182: 820–31.

Joyce AA. Medical Evaluation of Suspected Child Sexual Abuse: 2011 Update. Journal of Child Sexual Abuse, 20(5):588-605

Boyle C, McCann J, Miyamoto S, Rogers K. Comparison of examination methods used in the evaluation of prepubertal and pubertal female genitalia: A descriptive study. Child Abuse & Neglect 32 (2008):229–243.

Sözen Ş, Aksoy E. Cinsel Saldırılarda Hekim Sorumluluğu Tıbbi ve Hukuki Yaklaşım. In; Koç S, Can M (eds), Birinci Basamakta Adli Tıp. İstanbul Tabip Odası Yayını, İstanbul 2010; 200–215.

Özdemir Ç, Asil H, Eşel D. Cinsel İstismar Şüphesinde Laboratuvar Bulgularının Tanısal Değeri: Olgu Sunumu. 8. Adli Bilimler Kongresi Bildiri Özet Kitabı, Kocaeli 2008.

Persaud DI, Squires JE, Rubin–Remer D. Use of Foley Catheter to Examine Estrogenized Hymens for Evidence of Sexual Abuse. J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol 1997; 10: 83–5.

White C. Genital injuries in adults. Best Practice & Research Clinical Obstetrics & Gynaecology 27 (2013):113–130

Kar H. “Sexual Assault in Childhood and Adolescence” Chapter 9 in book Forensic Medicine – From Old Problems to New Challenges Ed: Duarte Nuno Vieira. Published by InTech, Croatia. 2011. Pp:201-214

White C. Sexual assault: a forensic physician’s practice guide. Manchester: St Mary’s Sexual Assault Referral Centre, 2010

Berkowitz CD. Healing of Genital Injuries. Journal of Child Sexual Abuse. 2011, 20:5, 537-547.

McCann J, Rosas A, Boos S. Child and adolescent sexual assaults (childhood sexual abuse) in Forensic Medicine: Clinical and Pathological Aspects editors: James JP, Busuttil A, Smock W. Greenwich Medical Media Ltd, London,2003. Pp:460.

Kar H, Dokgöz H, Özdemir Ç. Colposcopic Evaluation of Sexual Assault Cases: Recent technological developments. 6th European Academy of Forensic Science Conference, 2012, The Hague, Abstract Book, pp:382.

Sommers MS, Fisher BS, Karjane HM. Using Colposcopy in the Rape Exam: Health Care, Forensic, and Criminal Justice Issues. Journal of Forensic Nursing, Spring 2005, Volume 1-Number 1, pp:28-34.

Ricci LR. Medical Forensic Photography of The Sexually Abused Child. Child Abuse & Neglect. 1988;Vol. 12. pp. 305-310.

Brennan PAW. The medical and ethical aspects of photography in the sexual assault examination: Why does it offend?. Journal of Clinical Forensic Medicine 13 (2006), pp:194–202.

Santucci KA, Nelson DG, McQuillen KK, Duffy SJ, Linakis JG. Wood's lamp utility in the identification of semen. Pediatrics. 1999 Dec;104(6):1342-4.

Gartside BO, Brewer KJ, Strong CL. Estimation of Prostate-Spesific antigen (PSA) extraction efficiency from forensic samples using the seratec PSA semiquant semiquantative membrane test, Forensic Science Comminications, 2003; 5:2.

Khaldi N, Miras A, Botti K, Benali L. Evaluation of theree rapid detection methods for the forensic identification of seminal fluid in rape cases. J. Forensic Sci.2004; 49:4.

Sato I, Sagi M, Ishiwari A, et al. Use of “Smitest” PSA card to identify the presence of prostate-spesificantigen in semen and male urine. Forensic Sci. Int. 2002;127(1-2) 71-74.

Kayıkçı M A, Çam K H, Akman Y, Erol A. Erkek infertilitesini değerlendirmede semen analizinin özellikleri ve rolü. Düzce Tıp Fakültesi Dergisi 2002;4(3):35-38.

Özdener H. Semen analizi: Biyokimyasal yaklaşım. Türkiye Kinikleri Tıp Bilimleri 1994;14:41-46.

Baker DJ. Performing a quality semen analysis in the clinical laboratory. MLO Med Lab Obs. 2000; 32(12): 20-29.

Tasçı Aİ, Samastı M. İnfertilite Laboratuar ve Uygulamaları, Hayat Sağlık ve Sosyal Hizmetler Vakfı, İstanbul.1997: 1- 30.

Menkveld R, Stander FSH, Kotze TJV, Kruger TF, Zyl JA. The evaluation of morphological characteristics of human spermatozoa according to stricter criiteria. Human Reproduction 1990;5(5):586.

Diamandis EP, Arnett WP, Foussias G, et al. Seminal plasma biochemical markers and their association with semen analysis findings. Urology. 1999; 53(3):596-603.

Dieudonné O, Godin PA, Van-Langendonckt A, et al. Biochemical analysis of the sperm and infertility. Clin Chem Lab Med. 2001;39(5):455-7.

Ole IH, Ole B, Svend S, Villy S. Legal aspects of sexual violence—Does forensic evidence make a difference? Forensic science international, Bind 180, Nr. 2-3, 2008:98-104.

Annie VC, Willott GM, Allard JE. Spermatozoa — their persistence after sexual intercourse. For. Sci. Int, 1982. 19:135-154.

Allard JE. The collection of data from findings in cases of sexual assault and the significance of spermatozoa on vaginal, anal and oral swabs. Sci Justice, 1997. 37(2):99-108.

Baechtel F. The identification and individualization of semen stains. Forensic Science Handbook, 1988. 2:347-349.

Collins KA et al. Identification of sperm and non-sperm male cells in cervicovaginal smears using fluorescence in situ hybridization: applications in alleged sexual assault cases. J Forensic Sci, 1994. 39(6):1347-55.

Keatings SM, Allard JE. What's in a name? Medical samples and scientific evidence in sexual assaults. Med. Sci. Law, 1994. 43:187-201.

Roa PN et al. Identification of male epithelial cells in routine postcoital cervicovaginal smears using fluorescence in situ hybridization. Application in sexual assault and molestation. Am J Clin Pathol, 1995. 104(1):32-5.

Silverman EF. Persistence of spermatozoa in the lower genital tracts of women. Am. J. Clin. Pathol, 1977. 68:107.

Morrison AI. Persistence of spermatozoa in the vagina and cervix. Br J Vener Dis, 1972. 48(2):141-3.

Davies A, Wilson EM, Silverman AG. The persistence of seminal constituents in the human vagina. J. For. Sci., 1974. 3:45-55.

Davies A. Discussion of Spermatozoa in the anal canal and rectum and in the oral cavity of female rape victims. J. For. Sci., 1979. 24:541-542.

Enos WF, Beyers JD. Spermatozoa in the anal canal and rectum and in the oral cavity of female rape victims. J. For. Sci., 1979. 23:231-233.

Pollak OJ. Semen and seminal fluids. Arch. Pathol, 1943. 35:140-187.

Sharpe N. The significance of spermatozoa in victims of sexual offenses. Can. Med. Assoc, 1963. 89:513-514.

Rupp JC. Sperm survival and prostatic acid phosphatase activity in victims of sexual assault. J Forensic Sci, 1969. 14(2):177-83.

Wallace-Haagens MJ, Duffy BJ, Holtrop HR. Recovery of spermatozoa from human vaginal washings. Fertil Steril., 1975. 26:175-179.

Perloff W. Steinberger:in vivo survival of spermatzoa in cervical mucous. Am J Obstet Gynecol, 1964. 88:439-442.

Dahlke MB et al. Identification of semen in 500 patients seen because of rape. Am. J. Clin. Pathol, 1977. 68:740-746.

Willot GM, Allard JE. Spermatozoa-their persistence after sexual intercourse. For. Sci. Int, 1982. 19:135-154.

Strasinger SK, Lorenzo MS. Urinanalysis and Body Fluid (4th ed). FA Davis Company, Philadelphia 2001.

World Health Organization. Laboratory Manual for the Examination and Processing of Human Semen (5th ed). WHO Press, Geneva 2010.

Sensabaugh GF. Isolation ans characterization of a semen-spesific protein from human seminal plasma: A 90 potential new marker for semen identification, J. Forensic Sci. 1978; 23:105-115.

Armbruster D A, Prostate spesific antigen: Biochemistry, analytical method and clinical application, Clin. Chem. 1993;39 (2): 181-195.

Özdemir MH. Seminal Sıvı ve Artıklarında p30 Antijeni ve Spermatozoa Saptanmasına Yönelik Yöntem Çalışmaları, Uzmanlık Tezi. Çukurova Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Adlî Tıp Anabilim Dalı, Adana.1996.

Schiff AF. Rape: Forensic Medicine (C.G. Tedeschi, Eds), 1st edt. Philadelphia: WB Saunders, 1977:939-957

Salaçin S, Alper B, Uçkan H. Seksüel Saldırılarda Mağdurun Muayenesinde Karşılaşılan Sorunlar. Adli Tıp Dergisi. 1991;7(3-4):133-139.

Hochmeister MN, Borer U, Bodowle B, et al. M. Evaluation of prostate-spesific antigen (PSA) membrane test assays for the forensic identification of seminal fluid, J. Forensic Sci., 1999; 44: 1057-160.

Poyntz FM, Martin PD. Comprasion of PSA and acid phosphatase levels in postcoital vaginal swabs from donor and casework studies, Forensic Sci. Int., 1978; 23: 106-115.

Turvey BE. A-Utopic determination of oral sex in forensic science. Knowledge Solutions Library. Electronic Publication, 1995.

Gaensslen RE, Lee H, Pagliaro E, et al. Physical Evidence in Crimina Investigation, Narcotic enforcement officers Association, Westbook, CT, 1991:140- 143.

Yu H, Berkel H. Prostat-spesific antigen (PSA) in woman, J. La State Med. Soc. 1999;151(4):209-13.

Seratec® Diagnostica. (2000) Seratec® PSA Semiquant membrane test for detection of seminal fluid. Seratec® Diagnostica, Göttingen, Germany.

Graves HCB, Sensabuaugh GF, Blake E. Postcoital detection of a male-spesific semen protein. New Engl.J.Med. 1985; 312:338-343.

Yokota M, Mitani T, Tsujita H, et al. Evaluation of prostate –spesific antigen (PSA) membrane test for forensic examination of semen. Legal Medicine 2001; 3(3): 171-176.

Eşiyok B, Yorulmaz C, Günay BY. Cinsel saldırılarda postkoital interval, Adlî Tıp Dergisi 2001;15(2):84-92.

Indest G F. Medcolegal issues on detecting and proving the sexual abuse of children in Legal medicine. In: Wecht C H (eds) New Hampshire: Butterworth Publishers, 1990; 31- 56.

Ricci LR, Hoffman SA. Prostatic acid phosphatase and sperm in the postcoital vagina. Ann Emerg Med 1982; 11: 530–534.

Suzuki O, Asano M, Kido, et al. Zinc test as a new tool for ientifaication of human seminal stains. Forensic Sci. Int. 1983; 22,231-235.

Stubbings NA, Newall PJ. An evaluation of gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) and p30 determinations for the identifaicationn of semen on postcoital vaginal swabs. J. Forensic Sci 1985; 30 (3): 604-14.

Kamenev L, Leclercq M, Francois-Gerard C. Detection of p30 antigen in sexual assault case material.J Forensic Sci Soc. 1990 Jul-Aug;30(4):193-200.

Polat YF. Spesifik Semen Marker’lerinin Adli Tıpta Kullanılması. Doktora Tezi, İstanbul Üniversitesi Adli Tıp Enstitüsü, İstanbul.1995.

Glezerman M, Bartoov B. Semen analysis In: Male and female. 1 st ed. Livingstone: 1986: 243.

Sunderman W F, Boernar F. Seminl Fluid. Normal values in Clinical Medicine, First edt. WB Saunders Company, 1950: 385.

Coffey DS, Seminal Contents In: Walsh, P.C. et al. Campell’s Urology, 6th Ed. Philadelphia: WB. Saunders Company, 1992: 251.

Tekelioğlu M. Özel Histoloji, ince yapı ve gelişme. Erkek Üreme Sistemi. 1. baskı. Ankara: Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Yayınları, 2002; 231-244.

Partin A W, Coffey D S. The molecular biology, endocrinology and physiology of the prostate and seminal vesicles in Champell’s Urology In: Walsh PC, Retik AB, Vaughan ED Wein AJ (eds). 7th edt. Philadelphia: WV Saunders Company,1998: 1390-6.

Allery J P,Telmon N, Balnc A, et al. Rapid Detection of Sperm:Comparison of two methods, Journal of Clinical Foensic Medicine 2003; 10,5-7.

Gohora WF. Rate of decrease of glutamyltransferase and acid phosphatase activities in the human vagina after coitus, Clin. Chem., 1980; 26 (2):254-7.

Jimenez-Verdejo A, Osuna E, Garcia-Olivare, et al. Study of the enzymatic activity of GGT, LDH, PAP and PSA in semen stains: application to age calculation, Forensic Sc.i Int., 1994; 68 :7-15.

Abe S, Kunii S, Fujita T, Hiraiwa K. Detection of seminal gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase in stains using sandwich ELISA, Forensic Sci. Int., 1998; 91:19-28.

Chen JT, Hortin G. Interferences with semen detection by an immunoassay for a seminal vesicle-spesific antigen, J Legal Med. 2000;45 (1):234-5.

Keil W, Bauchus J, Troger HD. Evaluation of MHS-5 in detecting semimnal fluid in vaginal swabs. Int J Legal Med. 1996; 108(4):186-90.

Oya M, Kido A. Immunologiz Characterization of human seminal leucine aminopeptidase (LAP) and its medicolegal use. Z Rechtsmed 1984; 91 (4): 269-78.

Dowson EAB, Harris WA, Teter MC, Powel LC. Effects of ascorbic acid dupple mentation on the sperm quality of smokers, Fertil Steril. 1992; 58 (5), 1-34-39.

Recommended Guidelines, Washington State, Sexual Assault Emergency Medical Evaluation Adult and Adolescent, 2017. https://depts.washington.edu/hcsats/PDF/guidelines/Recommended%20Guidelines-2017-adult.pdf

Aşıcıoğlu F. Y STR Polimorfizminin Adli Genetikteki Önemi ve Uygulaması, Adli Bilimler Dergisi 2002; 1: 55–9.

Betz A, Bassler G, Died G, Steil X, Weyermann G, Pflug W. DYS STR Analysis With Epitelial Cells in Rape Case. Forensic Sci Int 2001; 118: 126–30.

Nolan A, Speers SJ, Murakami J, Chapman B. A pilot study: The effects of repeat washing and fabric type on the detection of seminal fluid and spermatozoa. Forensic Science International:289,(2018):51–56.

Eddy JW, James HM. Forensic gynaecological examination for beginners: management of women presenting at A&E. The Obstetrician & Gynaecologist. 2005;7:82–88.

Sheila MK. Information from penile swabs in sexual assault cases. Forensic Science International. Volume 43, Issue 1, 1989:63-81.

Keating SM, Higgs DF. The detection of amylase on swabs from sexual assault cases. Journal of the Forensic Science Society. 1994; 34: 89-93.

A National Protocol for Sexual Assault Medical Forensic Examinations. U.S. Department of Justice Office on Violence Against Women. 2013

5237 Sayılı Türk Ceza Kanunu. http://www.mevzuat.gov.tr/MevzuatMetin/1.5.5237.pdf

Sexual Assault and Abuse and STDs - 2015 STD Treatment Guidelines. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. https://www.cdc.gov/std/tg2015/sexual-assault.htm (son erişim tarihi: 29.01.2018)

Kutlu SS, Serinken M. Cinsel Yolla Bulaşan Hastalıklar İçin Acil Profilaksi Uygulamaları. JAEM, 2010: 143-7.

Wells D. Virginity testing. In: Oral communication at annual conference of faculty of forensic & legal medicine. 2014.

McLean WC. Adolescent complainants of sexual assault: injury patterns in virgin and non-virgin groups. J Clin Forensic Med. 2006;13:172-80.

Fraser IS, Lahteenmaki P, Elomaa K, Lacarra M, Mishell Jr DR, Alvarez F, et al. Variations in vaginal epithelial surface appearance determined by colposcopic inspection in healthy, sexually active women. Hum Reprod. 1999;14(8):1974-8.

Slaughter L, Brown CR, Crowley S, Peck R. Patterns of genital injury in female sexual assault victims. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1997;176(3):609-16.

Kennedy K. Heterogeneity of existing research relating to sexual violence, sexual assault and rape precludes meta-analysis of injury data. J Forensic Leg Med. 2013;20:447-59.

Walker G. The (in)significance of genital injury in rape and sexual assault. Journal of Forensic and Legal Medicine 34 (2015):173-178.

McLean I, Roberts SA, White C, Paul S. Female genital injuries resulting from consensual and non-consensual vaginal intercourse. Forensic Sci Int. 2011;204: 27-33.

Astrup BS, Ravn P, Thomsen JL, Lauritsen J. Patterned genital injury in cases of rape e a caseecontrol study. J Forensic Leg Med. 2013;20:525-9.

Astrup BS. Answer to the comments made by Prof Chariot to our original paper ‘Patterned genital injury in cases of rape e a case-control study’. J Forensic Leg Med. 2013;20:1147-8.

Beaufrere A, Vincent R. Letter to the editor: patterned genital injury in cases of sexual assault. J Forensic Leg Med 2013;20:1145-6.

Lincoln C, Perera R, Jacobs I, Ward A. Macroscopically detected female genital injury after consensual and non-consensual vaginal penetration: a prospective comparison study. J Forensic Leg Med. 2013;20:884-901.

Lo MK, Foley C, Healy C, Oliphant J, Kent S. A response to: Macroscopically detected female genital injury after consensual and non-consensual vaginal penetration: a prospective comparison study . J Forensic Leg Med. 2014;28:47-9.